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- Jonsson, Erik, et al.
(author)
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Apatite-iron oxide-hosted REE mineralisation at Kopslahyttan, NW Bergslagen, Sweden
- 2015
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In: Mineral Resources In A Sustainable World. - 9782855550664 ; , s. 781-784
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Of the different types of REE mineralisation known from the Fennoscandian shield, the Palaeoproterozoic apatite-iron oxide ores of Kiruna type represent one resource type with significant potential. Here we describe an REE-rich apatite-magnetite mineralisation from the classic Bergslagen ore province in south central Sweden. Associated with moderately to weakly REE-enriched magnetite mineralisation of banded and vein types, the most apatite-rich occurrence at Kopslahyttan shows REE enrichment that is similar in both magnitude and pattern to other Kiruna type deposits. Yet, the present REE mineralogy is wholly dominated by monazite-(Ce), allanite-(Ce) and LREE-enriched epidote, the latter two often occurring as zoned crystals or aggregates. Minor xenotime-(Y) also occurs, and titanite locally hosts minor Y+HREE. The abundant fluorapatite is suggested to have been an additional, original host for REE, prior to fluid-mediated alteration leading to wholesale remobilisation of REE from the apatite. This remobilisation included dissolution-reprecipitation processes that lead to the nucleation of monazite in fluorapatite, but probably also further transport and precipitation as e.g. allanite/REE-epidote, through reactions with locally common silicates. In addition, we suggest that very coarse grained, variably Th-bearing monazite present in the mineralisation may have been a primary REE phase, in marked contrast to most other deposits of this type.
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