| 1. |
- Attwood, Misty M., et al.
(författare)
-
Characterization of five transmembrane proteins : With focus on the Tweety, Sidoreflexin, and YIP1 domain families
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2296-634X. ; 9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transmembrane proteins are involved in many essential cell processes such as signal transduction, transport, and protein trafficking, and hence many are implicated in different disease pathways. Further, as the structure and function of proteins are correlated, investigating a group of proteins with the same tertiary structure, i.e. the same number of transmembrane regions, may give understanding about their functional roles and potential as therapeutic targets. This analysis investigates the previously unstudied group of proteins with five transmembrane-spanning regions (5TM). More than half of the 58 proteins identified with the 5TM architecture belong to twelve families with two or more members, with ten complete families that do not have any other homologous human proteins identified. Interestingly, more than half the proteins in the dataset function in localization activities through movement or tethering of cell components and more than one-third are involved in transport activities, particularly in the mitochondria. Surprisingly, no receptor activity was identified within this family in large contrast with other TM families. The three major 5TM families include the Tweety family, which are pore-forming subunits of the swelling-dependent volume regulated anion channel in astrocytes; the sidoreflexin family that act as mitochondrial amino acid transporters; and the Yip1 domain family engaged in vesicle budding and intra-Golgi transport. About 30% of the 5TM proteins have enhanced expression in the brain, liver, or testis. Importantly, 60% of these proteins are identified as cancer prognostic markers, where they are associated with clinical outcomes of various tumour types, indicating further investigation into the function and expression of these proteins is important. This study provides the first comprehensive analysis of proteins with 5TM providing details of the unique characteristics
|
|
