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1.	Laukkanen, P., et al. (författare) Bismuth-containing c(4 x 4) surface structure of the GaAs(100) studied by synchrotron-radiation photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio calculations 2014 Ingår i: Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena. - : Elsevier BV. - 0368-2048. ; 193, s. 34-38 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Bismuth (Bi) induced c(4 x 4) surface structure of the GaAs(1 0 0) substrate, i.e., the GaAs(1 0 0)c(4 x 4)-Bi surface has been studied with synchrotron-radiation photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio calculations. The surface was prepared by combining molecular beam epitaxy and in situ electron diffraction methods, and then the sample was transferred to a photoemission chamber without breaking ultrahigh vacuum conditions. Calculations show that the c(4 x 4)13 type unit cells, which consist of Bi-Bi and Bi-As dimers, are energetically favored on the surface and that Bi atoms occupy only the topmost atomic sites bonding to the As layer below. The presence of the c(4 x 4)(3 structure is supported by the comparison of measured and calculated core-level shifts of the GaAs(1 00)c(4 x 4)-Bi surface. Simulated scanning-tunneling-microscopy (STM) images, based on the suggested models, are presented for the comparison with future STM measurements. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Laukkanen, P., et al. (författare)
Bismuth-containing c(4 x 4) surface structure of the GaAs(100) studied by synchrotron-radiation photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio calculations
2014
Ingår i: Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena. - : Elsevier BV. - 0368-2048. ; 193, s. 34-38
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bismuth (Bi) induced c(4 x 4) surface structure of the GaAs(1 0 0) substrate, i.e., the GaAs(1 0 0)c(4 x 4)-Bi surface has been studied with synchrotron-radiation photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio calculations. The surface was prepared by combining molecular beam epitaxy and in situ electron diffraction methods, and then the sample was transferred to a photoemission chamber without breaking ultrahigh vacuum conditions. Calculations show that the c(4 x 4)13 type unit cells, which consist of Bi-Bi and Bi-As dimers, are energetically favored on the surface and that Bi atoms occupy only the topmost atomic sites bonding to the As layer below. The presence of the c(4 x 4)(3 structure is supported by the comparison of measured and calculated core-level shifts of the GaAs(1 00)c(4 x 4)-Bi surface. Simulated scanning-tunneling-microscopy (STM) images, based on the suggested models, are presented for the comparison with future STM measurements. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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