| 11. |
- Giron, Maria Stella T, et al.
(författare)
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Sleep problems in a very old population : drug use and clinical correlates
- 2002
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Ingår i: The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences. - 1079-5006 .- 1758-535X. ; 57:4, s. M236-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Complaints of disturbed or dissatisfied sleep are common among older people. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of sleep problems in very old persons and its relation to physical and mental health and drug use. Methods. This is a cross-sectional analysis of sleep problems in a population of old persons living in Stockholm, Sweden. There were 641 subjects aged 81+ years; 77.8% were women, 91.4% were noninstitutionalized, and 68.6% lived alone. All persons underwent a comprehensive medical and psychiatric interview and examination. Sleep problems were assessed using the Clinical Psychopathological Rating Scale (CPRS). Covariates included chronic medical conditions, depression, dementia, pain, self-rated health, activities of daily living, use of hypnotics-sedatives, use of other psychotropic drugs, and use of nonpsychotropic drugs. Results. More than one third of subjects were identified with sleep problems. They were more common among women and persons using a higher number of drugs. Poor self-rated health, depression, and pain were related to the presence of sleep problems. Among persons with sleep problems and depression, only 19.2% used antidepressants, and 46.2% used hypnotics-sedatives. Among persons with sleep problems and pain, 63.2% used analgesics, and 47.0% used hypnotics-sedatives. One or more chronic diseases, use of hypnotics-sedatives, use of other psychotropic drugs, and use of nonpsychotropic drugs were also related to sleep problems. After multivariate analysis, factors significantly related to sleep problems were female gender, depression, pain, and hypnotic-sedative use. Conclusions. Sleep problems were common in this very old population. These results suggest the importance of carefully assessing an older person's complaints to accurately diagnose and effectively treat sleep problems.
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| 12. |
- Rothenberg, Elisabeth, 1960, et al.
(författare)
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Dietary intake and energy metabolism
- 2004
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Ingår i: To become old: The Gerontological and Geriatric Population Studies in Göteborg, Sweden 1971-2002 Editor: Bertil Steen. - Göteborg : Göteborg University. - 9163171821 ; , s. 41-44
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Nilsson, K, et al.
(författare)
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Lack of association between plasma homocysteine and inflammation in psychogeriatric patients
- 2002
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Ingår i: Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders. - 1420-8008. ; 14:3, s. 151-155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/Objectives: In previous studies we observed a high incidence of elevated plasma homocysteine (tHcy) concentrations in psychogeriatric patients. Plasma tHcy is increased in folate deficiency. Folates are sensitive to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress, caused by inflammatory processes, could represent an endogenous reason for folate deficiency, even when the dietary intake of the vitamin is within the recommended range. It has been suggested that oxidative stress rather than insufficient folate intake causes hyperhomocysteinemia in different forms of psychogeriatric diseases. In the present study we investigated the association between plasma tHcy and C-reactive protein (CRP), a sensitive marker for inflammation, in psychogeriatric patients. Methods: Plasma tHcy, its main determinants, and CRP were measured in plasma and serum of 132 psychogeriatric patients (53 males and 79 females, mean age 75 12 years). Results. In the psychogeriatric patients, plasma tHcy was elevated and blood folate and serum creatinine were lower than in control subjects, whereas serum CRP concentrations did not differ significantly. We also subdivided the psychogeriatric patients into different diagnosis groups, yet there were no differences in serum CRP concentrations in these groups compared with age-matched control groups. There was a significant correlation between plasma tHcy and serum CRP (rho = 0.19, p < 0.05). A stepwise multiple regression analysis including serum CRP, age, blood folate, serum cobalamin, serum methylmalonic acid and serum creatinine showed that only blood folate (p < 0.001), age (p < 0.001), serum creatinine (p < 0.001), serum cobalamin (p < 0.001), and serum methylmalonic acid (p < 0.001) independently predicted plasma tHcy concentration. Thus CRP concentration was not an independent predictor of plasma tHcy. Conclusion: The present study did not show any association between inflammatory status and plasma tHcy concentration in psychogeriatric patients.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Sjöbeck, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Alzheimer's disease and the cerebellum: a morphologic study on neuronal and glial changes
- 2001
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Ingår i: Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders. - : S. Karger AG. - 1420-8008 .- 1421-9824. ; 12:3, s. 211-218
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Structural manifestations of Alzheimer's disease (AD) including neuronal loss were investigated in 12 cases of AD and in 10 healthy age-matched controls, with focus on the cerebellum. Linear Purkinje cell (PC) density was measured in the vermis and cerebellar hemispheres. Neurons were also counted in the inferior olivary nucleus. In vermis of the AD cases, the mean PC number was significantly lower (p = 0.019) than in the controls. The neurons in the inferior olive were similarly fewer, though not significantly (p = 0.13). Molecular layer gliosis and atrophy in the vermis was clearly severer in AD than in the controls. Features typical of cerebral Alzheimer encephalopathy (plaques, tangles and microvacuolization) were inconspicious. The structural cerebellar changes in the AD cases were thus neuronal loss, atrophy and gliosis, judged to represent the disease process, and with a main involvement in the vermis. This may be reflected in some of the symptoms and signs seen in AD, signs that are generally overlooked or judged to be of noncerebellar origin.
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| 18. |
- Bergh, Ingrid, 1956, et al.
(författare)
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Pain and its relation to cognitive function and depressive symptoms: a Swedish population study of 70-year-old men and women.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of pain and symptom management. - : Elsevier. - 0885-3924 .- 1873-6513. ; 26:4, s. 903-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of pain and its characteristics, and to examine the association of pain with cognitive function and depressive symptoms, in a representative sample of 70-year-old men and women. Data were collected within the gerontological and geriatric population studies in G?teborg, Sweden (H-70). A sample of 124 men and 117 women living in the community took part in the study. A questionnaire was applied which included four different aspects of pain experience: prevalence, frequency of episodes of pain, duration and number of locations. In close connection to this, depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. The prevalence of pain during the last 14 days was higher in women (79%; n=91) than in men (53%; n=65) (P<0.001). Women (68%; n=78) also reported pain that had lasted for >6 months to a greater extent than men (38%; n=46) (P<0.001). The frequency of episodes of pain was also higher among women, 64% (n=74) reporting daily pain or pain several days during the last 14 days while 37% of the men (n=45) did so (P<0.001). Women (33%, n=38) also reported pain experience from >/=3 locations more often than men (11%; n=13) (P<0.001). On the other hand, the association between depressive symptoms and pain experience was more evident in men than in women. Women were taking significantly more antidepressants compared to men (P<0.03). The results show that pain is common in 70-year-old people and especially in women. However, associations between depressive symptoms and the four aspects of pain experience were more pronounced among men.
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| 19. |
- McCaddon, Andrew, et al.
(författare)
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Transcobalamin polymorphism and serum holo-transcobalamin in relation to Alzheimer's disease
- 2004
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Ingår i: Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders. - : S. Karger AG. - 1420-8008 .- 1421-9824. ; 17:3, s. 215-221
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Isoforms of the vitamin B<sub>12</sub> carrier protein transcobalamin (TC) might influence its cellular availability and contribute to the association between disrupted single-carbon metabolism and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We therefore investigated the relationships between the TC 776C>G (Pro259Arg) genetic polymorphism, total serum cobalamin and holo-TC levels, and disease onset in 70 patients with clinically diagnosed AD and 74 healthy elderly controls. TC 776C>G polymorphism was also determined for 94 histopathologically confirmed AD patients and 107 controls. Serum holo-TC levels were significantly higher in TC 776C homozygotes (p = 0.04). Kaplan-Meier survival functions differed between homozygous genotypes (Cox’s F-Test F(42, 46) = 2.1; p = 0.008) and between 776C homozygotes and heterozygotes (Cox’s F test F(46, 108) = 1.7; p = 0.02). Proportionately fewer TC 776C homozygotes appear to develop AD at any given age, but this will require confirmation in a longitudinal study.
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| 20. |
- Wallin, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Five-year outcome of cholinergic treatment of Alzheimer's disease: Early response predicts prolonged time until nursing home placement, but does not alter life expectancy
- 2004
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Ingår i: Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders. - : S. Karger AG. - 1420-8008 .- 1421-9824. ; 18:2, s. 197-206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fifty consecutive outpatients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) received treatment with the cholinesterase inhibitor tacrine in an open longitudinal study. Assessments using Mini-Mental State Examination, Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale – cognitive subscale, and a global rating were made at baseline and at 6, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 months. Three outcome groups were characterized: responders, unchanged and deteriorated. Additional outcome measures were time until nursing home placement, and mortality rate. At 6 months –75%, at 12 months –42%, at 24 months –20%, and after that 10% of the patients still on medication had improved or remained stable. The mortality rate did not differ between the outcome groups. Response to tacrine treatment at 6 or 12 months was found to predict a prolonged time until nursing home placement. No predictors for a positive treatment response could be identified at baseline.
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