| 11. |
- Johnell, Olof, et al.
(författare)
-
The burden of hospitalised fractures in Sweden.
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Osteoporosis international. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0937-941X .- 1433-2965. ; 16:2, s. 222-8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to characterise the hospital burden of fractures in the Swedish population by age and gender. The number of patients and number of fractures were documented according to site of fracture, age, sex and duration of hospital stay for the whole population of Sweden in 1996. Fractures were additionally classified as osteoporotic according to fracture site. In 1996 there were 54,000 admissions for fracture in men and women aged 50 years or more, accounting for 600,000 hospital-bed days. Hip fractures accounted for 63% of admissions for fracture in men and 72% in women, for 69% and 73% of hospital-bed days, respectively. Fractures considered to be osteoporotic accounted for 84% of all hospital-bed days due to fracture in men, and 93% in women. More hospital-bed days were due to osteoporotic fracture than to breast cancer and prostate cancer combined. The number of hospital-bed days due to osteoporotic fracture was between the amount due to ischaemic heart disease and the amount due to stroke.
|
|
| 12. |
- Arman, Rebecka, 1976, et al.
(författare)
-
What health care managers do : Applying Mintzberg’s structured observation method
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Journal of Nursing Management. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0966-0429 .- 1365-2834. ; 17:6, s. 718-729
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim The aim of the present study was to explore and describe what characterizes first-and second-line health care managers' use of time. Background Many Swedish health care managers experience difficulties managing their time. Methods Structured and unstructured observations were used. Ten first-and second-line managers in different health care settings were studied in detail from 3.5 and 4 days each. Duration and frequency of different types of work activities were analysed. Results The individual variation was considerable. The managers' days consisted to a large degree of short activities (<9 minutes). On average, nearly half of the managers' time was spent in meetings. Most of the managers' time was spent with subordinates and <1% was spent alone with their superiors. Sixteen per cent of their time was spent on administration and only a small fraction on explicit strategic work. Conclusions The individual variations in time use patterns suggest the possibility of interventions to support changes in time use patterns. Implications for nursing management A reliable description of what managers do paves the way for analyses of what they should do to be effective.
|
|
| 13. |
- Starrin, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
-
Financial Stress, Shaming Experiences and Psychosocial Ill-Health : Studies into the Finances-Shame Model
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Social Indicators Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0303-8300 .- 1573-0921. ; 91:2, s. 283-298
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to test the Finances-Shame model and its explanatory power regarding the prevalence of psychosocial ill-health. The Finances-Shame model postulates that (i) the greater the financial stress and the more experiences of having been shamed, the greater the risk for psychosocial ill-health, (ii) the lesser the financial stress and the fewer experiences of having been shamed, the lower the risk for psychosocial ill-health. The study was based upon a survey carried out during the period March 2000-May 2000 in a mid-Swedish region (n = 5,666). The response rate was 69%. The results of the study supported the hypotheses.
|
|
| 14. |
- Månsdotter, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
Paternity leave in Sweden: costs, savings and health gains.
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Health policy (Amsterdam, Netherlands). - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-8510 .- 1872-6054. ; 82:1, s. 102-15
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The initial objective is to examine the relationship between paternity leave in 1978-1979 and male mortality during 1981-2001, and the second objective is to calculate the cost-effectiveness of the 1974 parental insurance reform in Sweden. METHODS: Based on a population of all Swedish couples who had their first child together in 1978 (45,801 males), the risk of death for men who took paternity leave, compared with men who did not, was estimated by odds ratios. The cost-effectiveness analysis considered costs for information, administration and production losses, minus savings due to decreased sickness leave and inpatient care, compared to health gains in life-years and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). RESULTS: It is demonstrated that fathers who took paternity leave have a statistically significant decreased death risk of 16%. Costs minus savings (discounted values) stretch from a net cost of EUR 19 million to a net saving of EUR 11 million, and the base case cost-effectiveness is EUR 8000 per QALY. CONCLUSIONS: The study indicates that that the right to paternity leave is a desirable reform based on commonly stated public health, economic, and feminist goals. The critical issue in future research should be to examine impact from health-related selection.
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
| 16. |
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
- Månsdotter, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
Parental share in public and domestic spheres: a population study on gender equality, death, and sickness.
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Journal of epidemiology and community health. - : BMJ. - 0143-005X .- 1470-2738. ; 60:7, s. 616-20
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- STUDY OBJECTIVE: Examine the relation between aspects of gender equality and population health based on the premise that sex differences in health are mainly caused by the gender system. SETTING/ PARTICIPANTS: All Swedish couples (98 240 people) who had their first child together in 1978. DESIGN: The exposure of gender equality is shown by the parents' division of income and occupational position (public sphere), and parental leave and temporary child care (domestic sphere). People were classified by these indicators during 1978-1980 into different categories; those on an equal footing with their partner and those who were traditionally or untraditionally unequal. Health is measured by the outcomes of death during 1981-2001 and sickness absence during 1986-2000. Data are obtained by linking individual information from various national sources. The statistical method used is multiple logistic regressions with odds ratios as estimates of relative risks. MAIN RESULTS: From the public sphere is shown that traditionally unequal women have decreased health risks compared with equal women, while traditionally unequal men tend to have increased health risks compared with equal men. From the domestic sphere is indicated that both women and men run higher risks of death and sickness when being traditionally unequal compared with equal. CONCLUSIONS: Understanding the relation between gender equality and health, which was found to depend on sex, life sphere, and inequality type, seems to require a combination of the hypotheses of convergence, stress and expansion.
|
|
| 19. |
- Dellve, Lotta, 1965, et al.
(författare)
-
Managing complex workplace stress in health care organisations: Leaders' perceived legitimacy conflicts
- 2009
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Nursing Management. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd.. - 0966-0429 .- 1365-2834. ; 17:8, s. 931-941
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim To conceptualize how health care leaders’ strategies to increase their influence in their psychosocial work environment are experienced and handled, and may be supported. Background The complex nature of the psychosocial work environment with increased stress creates significant challenges for leaders in today’s health care organizations. Method Interviews with health care leaders (n = 39) were analysed in accordance with constructivist grounded theory. Results Compound identities, loyalty commitments and professional interests shape conditions for leaders’ influence. Strategies to achieve legitimacy were either to retain clinical skills and a strong occupational identity or to take a full leadership role. Ethical stress was experienced when organizational procedural or consequential legitimacy norms were in conflict with the leaders’ own values. Leadership support through socializing processes and strategic support structures may be complementary or counteractive. Conclusions Support programmes need to have a clear message related to decision-making processes and should facilitate communication between top management, human resource departments and subordinate leaders. Ethical stress from conflicting legitimacy principles may be moderated by clear policies for decision-making processes, strengthened sound networks and improved communication. Implications for nursing management Supportive programmes should include: (1) sequential and strategic systems for introducing new leaders and mentoring; (2) reflective dialogue and feedback; (3) team development; and (4) decision-making policies and processes.
|
|
| 20. |
- Mårtensson, Fredrika, et al.
(författare)
-
Outdoor environmental assessment of attention promoting settings for preschool children
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Health and Place. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-2054 .- 1353-8292. ; 15:4, s. 1149-1157
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The restorative potential of green outdoor environments for children in preschool settings was investigated by measuring the attention of children playing in settings with different environmental features. Eleven preschools with outdoor environments typical for the Stockholm area were assessed using the outdoor play environment categories (OPEC) and the fraction of visible sky from play structures (sky view factor), and 198 children, aged 4.5-6.5 years, were rated by the staff for inattentive, hyperactive and impulsive behaviors with the ECADDES tool. Children playing in large and integrated outdoor areas containing large areas of trees, shrubbery and a hilly terrain showed less often behaviors of inattention (p<.05). The choice of tool for assessment of attention is discussed in relation to outdoor stay and play characteristics in Swedish preschool settings. The results indicate that the restorative potential of green outdoor environments applies also to preschool children and that environmental assessment tools as OPEC can be useful when to locate and develop health-promoting land adjacent to preschools. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
|
|
