| 11. |
- Sebhatu, Abiel, et al.
(författare)
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Explaining the homogeneous diffusion of COVID-19 nonpharmaceutical interventions across heterogeneous countries
- 2020
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490 .- 0097-3157 .- 1938-5293. ; 117:35, s. 21201-21208
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We analyze the adoption of nonpharmaceutical interventions in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries during the early phase of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Given the complexity associated with pandemic decisions, governments are faced with the dilemma of how to act quickly when their core decision-making processes are based on deliberations balancing political considerations. Our findings show that, in times of severe crisis, governments follow the lead of others and base their decisions on what other countries do. Governments in countries with a stronger democratic structure are slower to react in the face of the pandemic but are more sensitive to the influence of other countries. We provide insights for research on international policy diffusion and research on the political consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Wennberg, Karl, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamiken bland företagare, anställda och kombinatörer
- 2009
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Ingår i: Arbetsmarknad & Arbetsliv. - Karlstad : Karlstads universitet. - 1400-9692. ; 15:2, s. 43-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- En växande grupp på arbetsmarknaden utgörs av individer som kombinerar lönearbete och företagande, så kallade kombinatörer. Vi ger en översikt av några teoretiska perspektiv som visar på behov av fördjupad forskning avseende denna grupp. En undersökning av tre miljoner individer på arbetsmarknaden 1990–2001 visar att kombinatörskap är vanligt bland högutbildade män samt bland kvinnor på landsbygden. Vidare är kombinatörskap ofta ett steg från lönearbete till heltidsföretagande.
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| 14. |
- Liss, Erik, 1991-, et al.
(författare)
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Absolute income mobility and the effect of parent generation inequality : An extended decomposition approach
- 2023
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Ingår i: European Economic Review. - : Elsevier BV. - 0014-2921 .- 1873-572X. ; 152
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We use full-population data to study trends in intergenerational absolute income mobility, measured as the ratio of children earning more than their parents, for 11 Swedish cohorts born 1972–1983. Absolute mobility during this period increases from 72% to 84% for men and from 76% to 86% for women—higher figures than in most other countries studied. To explain these results, we outline a novel decomposition strategy that accounts for cohort variation in parent-generation income inequality. All else equal, if income inequality is higher in the parent generation, more economic growth is required to achieve any given level of absolute mobility. We discuss implications for comparative research in intergenerational income mobility.
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| 15. |
- Sebhatu, Abiel, et al.
(författare)
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Institutional Pressure and Failure Dynamics in the Swedish Voucher School Sector
- 2017
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Administration. - Göteborg, Sweden : Göteborgs universitet. - 2001-7405 .- 2001-7413. ; 7:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We conduct a comparative case study following the growth and decline of the two largest private school organizations in Sweden from the voucher school deregulation in 1992 until the bankruptcy of one of the organization in 2013. Using archival data, hand-coded data on media exposure, interviews with managers and company press releases we explore institutional pressure and school organizations’ responses to institutional conformity and resistance. Both case organizations constitute private equity managed business groups but rely on distinct growth strategies and differential types of political and market-based ties to powerful stakeholders. Our results explain how organizational responses to institutional pressure are intimately tied to organizational structure, and furthermore how conformity may not translate into survival-enhancing conditions as earlier theorized
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| 16. |
- Balachandran, Chanchal, et al.
(författare)
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From Hierarchies to Markets: Wage Inequality and Mobility into Entrepreneurship
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research on organizational stratification and mobility concerns with individual mobility within and across established organization, while mobility into entrepreneurship has received much less attention. The present paper theorizes on the link between organizational wage inequality and mobility into entrepreneurship. In doing so, the paper makes an important distinction between wage inequality based on human capital variations (explained wage inequality) and that does not (residual wage inequality) while predicting implications for mobility into entrepreneurship. Empirical evidence obtained from Swedish business service sector confirms our prediction that while explained wage inequality constrains mobility into entrepreneurship, residual wage inequality facilitate the same.
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| 17. |
- Efendic, Nedim, et al.
(författare)
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Growth in first- and second-generation immigrant firms in Sweden
- 2015
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Despite the burgeoning literature on immigrant entrepreneurship, there is a dearth of research on the social and economic factors shaping the performance of immigrant-run firms. Drawing upon human and social capital theory and assimilation theory, we investigate differences in performance measured as revenue growth in a comparative study of native and immigrant CEOs. Following 50,002 small firms in Sweden over four years, we find distinct patterns in both firm size and revenue growth between firms managed by immigrants and by natives. While firms run by second-generation immigrants from OECD countries exhibit higher growth rates than natives, the reverse is true for second generation immigrants from non-OECD countries, suggesting that economic integration in terms of immigrants’ small business growth in Sweden is characterized by segmented rather than universal assimilation.
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| 18. |
- Kazlou, Aliaksei, et al.
(författare)
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Skill Requirements and Employment of Immigrants in Swedish Hospitality
- 2023. - 1st Edition
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Ingår i: Migration and Integration in a Post-Pandemic World: Socioeconomic Opportunities and Challenges. - Cham, : Springer Nature. - 9783031191534 - 9783031191527 - 9783031191558 ; , s. 263-290
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter examines sorting of workers from various immigrant groups in Sweden into sectors and jobs comparing these patterns to jobs held by natives in the same sectors. A specific focus is put on the skill composition of jobs and how this differs among migrants’ and natives’ job sorting. We use matched data on jobs, employers, and workers in Swedish hospitality, construction, and retail sectors to document patterns of country of origin-based segmentation. Results show that immigrants primarily enter routine jobs requiring a higher level of technical skills compared to natives who are more often found in non-routine jobs requiring interpersonal skills. In construction and retail, immigrants and natives work mostly in non-routine jobs. These stark patterns of job segregation suggests that education and training efforts among migrant workers should consider the acquisition of language and interpersonal skills in addition to formal training and education.
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| 19. |
- Krohwinkel Karlsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing Whether Mission-Driven Innovation Makes a Difference: Mission Impossible? Developing a Guiding Framework for the Evaluation of Five Mission Driven Environments for Health in Sweden
- 2022
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Mission-driven innovation (MDI) policies are founded on governmental attempts to address fundamental but complex societal challenges. The rationale behind such attempts is typically to influence the directionality of innovation towards addressing the perceived challenge. This report focuses on a particular instance of MDI policy executed by Sweden’s innovation agency, Vinnova: the funding of five so-called “mission-driven environments” (MDEs) in 2019. The policy in question is called ‘Vision-Driven Health’ and was initiated in 2019 to support the establishment of inter-organizational and cross-disciplinary coalitions that work towards a common vision and a long-term systemic transformation within the Swedish health care and life science sector.
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| 20. |
- Lakomaa, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Work Environment and Competition in Swedish Schools, 1999-2011
- 2020
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Research on schools’ work environment highlights socioeconomic conditions (SES) as primary drivers of work environment, but evidence to date is primarily limited to cross-sectional samples. Research on school competition has revealed important effects on educational outcomes, but effects on work environment are largely unknown. We bridge these literatures by studying the work environment in all Swedish junior high schools and high schools using detailed data on complaints and incidences of disorder, including violence. Comparing educational levels to gauge differences in degree of choice made possible by competition, we overall find more adverse work environment in junior high schools facing stronger school competition and with many low-SES students in either the school or the region. Conversely, we find better work environment in high schools facing stronger school competition, and in high schools with a large share of students with foreign background. To assess causal effects of competition on work environment we compare regions that introduced competition versus those that have not in a difference-in-difference framework. In such regions only complaints in high schools decrease after competition is introduced. We highlight the importance of including multiple measures of both competition and work environment.
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