| 11. |
- Jaraj, Daniel, et al.
(author)
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Mortality and risk of dementia in normal-pressure hydrocephalus: A population study.
- 2017
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In: Alzheimer's & Dementia. - : Wiley. - 1552-5260 .- 1552-5279. ; 13:8, s. 850-857
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction We examined mortality, dementia, and progression of hydrocephalic symptoms among untreated individuals with idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) in a population-based sample. Methods A total of 1235 persons were examined between 1986 and 2012. Shunted individuals were excluded. We examined 53 persons with hydrocephalic ventricular enlargement (probable iNPH: n = 24, asymptomatic or possible iNPH: n = 29). Comparisons were made with individuals without hydrocephalic ventricular enlargement. Results The 5-year mortality was 87.5% among those with probable iNPH. The hazard ratio (HR) for death was 3.8 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.5–6.0) for probable iNPH. Those with possible iNPH and asymptomatic hydrocephalic ventricular enlargement had increased risk of developing dementia, HR 2.8 (95% CI: 1.5–5.2). Only two individuals with hydrocephalic ventricular enlargement remained asymptomatic. Discussion In the present sample, persons with clinical and imaging signs of iNPH had excess mortality and an increased risk of dementia. The data also suggest that radiological signs of iNPH might be more important than previously supposed.
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| 12. |
- Joas, Erik, 1983, et al.
(author)
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Sex differences in time trends of blood pressure among Swedish septuagenarians examined three decades apart: a longitudinal population study
- 2017
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In: Journal of Hypertension. - 0263-6352 .- 1473-5598. ; 35:7, s. 1424-1431
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Copyright © 2017 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.OBJECTIVE:: The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of birth cohort, sex and age on the trajectories of SBP and DBP in two birth cohorts of 70-year-olds, examined 3 decades apart and followed up at ages 75 and 79–80 years. METHODS:: Two population samples of 70-year-olds from Gothenburg, Sweden, were examined. The first, born in 1901–1902, was examined in 1971–1972 (n?=?973). The second, born in 1930, was examined in 2000 (n?=?509). Both samples were re-examined at ages 75 and 79–80 years. RESULTS:: We found that SBP and DBP were considerably lower in septuagenarian men and women born 1930 compared with those born 1901–1902, also when adjusting for antihypertensive treatment in different ways. The decline was especially pronounced in women. Blood pressure was higher in women than in men in the 1970s, whereas there were no sex differences in the 2000s. The age-related decline in SBP started earlier and was more accentuated in those born in 1930 than in those born in 1901–1902. CONCLUSION:: Blood pressure decreased, and the age-related decline in SBP started earlier in septuagenarians examined in the 2000s compared with those examined in the 1970s. The decrease was especially pronounced in women and diminished the sex differences. Antihypertensive treatment only partly explained our findings, suggesting that other mostly unknown factors played an important role.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Rymo, Irma, 1982, et al.
(author)
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CSF YKL-40 and GAP-43 are related to suicidal ideation in older women
- 2017
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In: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-690X .- 1600-0447. ; 135:4, s. 351-357
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- © 2017 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Objective: To investigate possible relationships between suicidal ideation and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of glial markers YKL-40 (also known as chitinase-3-like protein 1), growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) and myelin basic protein (MBP). Method: The sample was obtained from the Prospective Population Study of Women and included 86 women without dementia who underwent both psychiatric examinations and lumbar puncture (LP). Eight of these women reported past-month suicidal ideation. Results: Significantly, higher CSF levels of both YKL-40 and GAP-43 were detected in women with past-month suicidal ideation. Associations with suicidal ideation remained for both YKL-40 and GAP-43 in regression models adjusted for smoking status, BMI and age. CSF levels of YKL-40, GAP-43 and MBP did not differ by depression status. Higher levels of CSF GAP-43 were associated with feelings of worthlessness; a strong relationship was demonstrated in the fully adjusted model (OR 5.95 CI [1.52-23.20], P = 0.01). Conclusion: Our findings of elevated CSF concentrations of both YKL-40 and GAP-43 in women with suicidal ideation, compared to those without, suggest that a disrupted synaptic glial functioning and inflammation may be related to the aetiology of suicidal ideation in older adults.
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| 17. |
- Sachdev, P. S., et al.
(author)
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STROKOG (stroke and cognition consortium): An international consortium to examine the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of neurocognitive disorders in relation to cerebrovascular disease
- 2017
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In: Alzheimer's & Dementia. - : Wiley. - 1552-5260 .- 1552-5279. ; 7, s. 11-23
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction The Stroke and Cognition consortium (STROKOG) aims to facilitate a better understanding of the determinants of vascular contributions to cognitive disorders and help improve the diagnosis and treatment of vascular cognitive disorders (VCD). Methods Longitudinal studies with ≥75 participants who had suffered or were at risk of stroke or TIA and which evaluated cognitive function were invited to join STROKOG. The consortium will facilitate projects investigating rates and patterns of cognitive decline, risk factors for VCD, and biomarkers of vascular dementia. Results Currently, STROKOG includes 25 (21 published) studies, with 12,092 participants from five continents. The duration of follow-up ranges from 3months to 21years. Discussion Although data harmonization will be a key challenge, STROKOG is in a unique position to reuse and combine international cohort data and fully explore patient level characteristics and outcomes. STROKOG could potentially transform our understanding of VCD and have a worldwide impact on promoting better vascular cognitive outcomes. © 2016 The Authors
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| 18. |
- Sjöberg, Linnea, et al.
(author)
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Prevalence of depression : Comparisons of different depression definitions in population-based samples of older adults
- 2017
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In: Journal of Affective Disorders. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-0327 .- 1573-2517. ; 221, s. 123-131
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Depression prevalence in older adults varies largely across studies, which probably reflects methodological rather than true differences. This study aims to explore whether and to what extent the prevalence of depression varies when using different diagnostic criteria and rating scales, and various samples of older adults. Methods: A population-based sample of 3353 individuals aged 60-104 years from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen (SNAC-K) were examined in 2001-2004. Point prevalence of depression was estimated by: 1) diagnostic criteria, ICD-10 and DSM-IV-TR/DSM-5; 2) rating scales, MADRS and GDS-15; and 3) self-report. Depression prevalence in sub-samples by dementia status, living place, and socio-demographics were compared. Results: The prevalence of any depression (including all severity grades) was 4.2% (moderate/severe: 1.6%) for ICD-10 and 9.3% (major: 2.1%) for DSM-IV-TR; 10.6% for MADRS and 9.2% for GDS-15; and 9.1% for selfreport. Depression prevalence was lower in the dementia-free sample as compared to the total population. Furthermore, having poor physical function, or not having a partner were independently associated with higher depression prevalence, across most of the depression definitions. Limitations: The response rate was 73.3% and this may have resulted in an underestimation of depression. Conclusion: Depression prevalence was similar across all depression definitions except for ICD-10, showing much lower figures. However, independent of the definition used, depression prevalence varies greatly by dementia status, physical functioning, and marital status. These findings may be useful for clinicians when assessing depression in older adults and for researchers when exploring and comparing depression prevalence across studies.
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| 19. |
- Skoog, Ingmar, 1954
(author)
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Bridge Over Troubled Water.
- 2017
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In: The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry. - : Elsevier BV. - 1545-7214. ; 25:4, s. 340-341
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 20. |
- Skoog, Ingmar, 1954, et al.
(author)
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Decreasing prevalence of dementia in 85-year olds examined 22 years apart: the influence of education and stroke
- 2017
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In: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Individuals aged 80 years and older constitute the fastest growing segment of the population worldwide, leading to an expected increase in dementia cases. Education level and treatment of vascular risk factors has increased during the last decades. We examined whether this has influenced the prevalence of dementia according to DSM-III-R using population-based samples of 85-year-olds (N = 1065) examined with identical methods 1986-87 and 2008-10. The prevalence of dementia was 29.8% in 1986-87 and 21.7% in 2008-10 (OR 0.66; 95%-CI: 0.50-0.86). The decline was mainly observed for vascular dementia. The proportion with more than basic education (25.2% and 57.7%), and the prevalence of stroke (20% and 30%) increased, but the odds ratio for dementia with stroke decreased from 4.3 to 1.8 (interaction stroke*birth cohort; p = 0.008). In a logistic regression, education (OR 0.70; 95%-CI 0.51-0.96), stroke (OR 3.78; 95%-CI 2.28-6.29), interaction stroke*birth cohort (OR 0.50; 95%CI 0.26-0.97), but not birth cohort (OR 0.98; 95%-CI 0.68-1.41), were related to prevalence of dementia. Thus, the decline in dementia prevalence was mainly explained by higher education and lower odds for dementia with stroke in later born birth cohorts. The findings may be related to an increased cognitive reserve and better treatment of stroke in later-born cohorts.
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