| 11. |
- Calles, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of conditioned medium factors on productivity and cell physiology in Trichoplusia ni insect cell cultures.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Biotechnology progress (Print). - : Wiley. - 8756-7938 .- 1520-6033. ; 22:3, s. 653-659
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The influence of conditioned medium (CM) on cell physiology and recombinant protein production in Trichoplusia ni insect cells (T. ni, BTI-Tn-5B1-4) has been investigated. Cell cycle analysis showed that a high proportion of the cell population (80-90%) was in G1 during the whole culture, indicating that the S and G2/M phases are short relative to the G1 phase. Directly after inoculation, a rapid decrease of the S-phase population occurred, which could be observed as a lag-phase. The following increase in the number of cells in S occurred after 7 h of culture for cells in fresh medium, whereas for cells with the addition of CM it occurred at an earlier time point (5 h) and these cells had therefore a shorter lag-phase. The initial changes in the S-phase population were also affected by the inoculum cell density, as higher seeding cell densities resulted in a more rapid increase in the S-phase population after inoculation. These changes in cell cycle distribution were reflected in the cell size, and the CM-cells were smaller than the cells in fresh medium. Recombinant protein production in T. ni cells was improved by the addition of CM. The specific productivity was increased by 30% compared to cells in fresh medium. This beneficial effect was seen between 20 and 72 h of culture. In contrast, the highest specific productivity was obtained already at 7 h for the cells in fresh medium and then decreased rapidly. The total product concentration was around 30% higher in the culture with CM compared to the culture in fresh medium, and the maximum product concentration was obtained on day 2 compared to day 3 for the cells in fresh medium. Our results indicate that the positive effect on productivity by CM is related to its growth-promoting effect, suggesting that the proliferation potential of the culture determines the productivity.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Carlsson, Maine, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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Body composition in Swedish old people aged 65-99 years, living in residential care facilities
- 2009
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Ingår i: Archives of gerontology and geriatrics (Print). - : Elsevier. - 0167-4943 .- 1872-6976. ; 49:1, s. 98-107
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is important to evaluate body composition changes in subjects with an existing multi-system reduction in capacity, as a small decrease in fat-free mass (FFM) can cause serious impairments. The aim of the study was to describe body composition in old people living in institutions. Body composition data were collected within a study of 173 subjects with functional and cognitive impairment, aged 65-99 years, and living in residential care facilities. A bioelectrical impedance spectrometer (BIS) (Xitron Hydra 4200; 5-1000 kHz) was used to assess the amount of both FFM and fat mass (FM) which where adjusted for height. The Harpenden caliper and a tape measure were used to assess body fat, arm-muscle and arm-fat area (mm(2)). A large proportion of the old and functionally impaired population was at risk of malnutrition or already malnourished (63.4% vs. 17.4%) according to Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA). Women had significantly lower fat-free mass index (FFMI) and higher FMI, inversely related to age, than men. Bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy and anthropometrical measurements correlated but on different levels. In addition the FM% differed between the two methods (46.3% vs. 33.4%).
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| 14. |
- Carlsson, Maine, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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The feasibility of serving liquid yoghurt supplemented with probiotic bacteria, Lactobacillus rhamnosus LB 21, and Lactococcus lactis L1A : a pilot study among old people with dementia in a residential care facility
- 2009
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Ingår i: The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging. - Paris : Serdi. - 1279-7707 .- 1760-4788. ; 13:9, s. 813-819
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Constipation and body weight loss are prevalent among old people. Treatment with different species of lactic acid bacteria has been suggested for various forms of gastrointestinal disorders. Objective, participants and intervention: This pilot study was performed to assess the feasibility of administering and consuming a drinkable yoghurt containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus LB 21 and Lactococcus L1A, and to evaluate the influence on bowel movements and body weight in 15 people with dementia, aged 65–95 years in residential care facility. Design: A drinkable yoghurt (Verum Drickyoghurt©) with added bacteria was served daily for 6 months in conjunction with ordinary food intake. Body weight, bowel movement frequency and consistency, food and fluid intake and time spent in various activities were recorded for two weeks preintervention, and 3 times during the follow-up period. Result: This study showed that the yoghurt was easy to serve, with few side effects for the participants and that the various recording forms and diaries were easy for the staff to complete. The extra intake of yoghurt did not have any detectable beneficial effect on bowel movements. The overnight fast was almost 15 hours per day. Body weight decreased by 0.65 kg/month (95% confidence interval. 0.27–0.97). Conclusions: The present study design was feasible in this group of old people with dementia. The absence of any detectable effect of the supplement on constipation, but rather a considerable loss in body weight, indicate that further research is needed in a large randomised controlled trial, if associations between dementia, constipation and energy balance are to be understood.
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| 15. |
- Dennersten, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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Lung function in the aging Swedish cystic fibrosis population.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Respiratory medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 1532-3064 .- 0954-6111. ; 103:7, s. 1076-82
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Swedish Cystic Fibrosis (CF) care follows international guidelines in general. The only difference in our CF care package since 25 years is the physiotherapy regimen. Airway clearance therapy has since the early 1980s, from the day of diagnosis, been based upon daily physical exercise in conjunction with techniques for transporting and evacuating mucus. Postural Drainage+/-percussion and vibration has not been used in any age. The aim of this study was to evaluate our CF care package. Lung function data from the start of the study and with a 3-year interval were collected in the entire Swedish CF population > or =7 years old. Data were analysed for the age groups 7-17 and > or =18 years of age. Change of lung function over the study period was calculated. The impact of chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) colonisation and basal FEV(1)%p was also evaluated in a linear mixed model. Data from 99% of the country-wide CF population were available at inclusion. Mean FEV(1)%p was 90+/-21 vs 73+/-26 in the different age groups and mean VC%p was 94+/-18 vs 91+/-20. Forty percent of the adult group was > or =30 years old. Overall, 41% were chronically Pa colonised. Mean annual FEV(1)%p rate of decline was 0.77 and 0.64 in the different age groups. Lung function among Swedish CF patients is good and annual rate of decline low, even in an old cohort. The large proportion of adult patients emphasises future demands on CF care.
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| 16. |
- Dunkel, Mathias, et al.
(författare)
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SuperScent--a database of flavors and scents
- 2009
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Ingår i: Nucleic Acids Research. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1362-4962 .- 0305-1048. ; 37, s. 291-294
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Volatiles are efficient mediators of chemical communication acting universally as attractant, repellent or warning signal in all kingdoms of life. Beside this broad impact volatiles have in nature, scents are also widely used in pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries, so the identification of new scents is of great industrial interest. Despite this importance as well as the vast number and diversity of volatile compounds, there is currently no comprehensive public database providing information on structure and chemical classification of volatiles. Therefore, the database SuperScent was established to supply users with detailed information on the variety of odor components. The version of the database presented here comprises the 2D/3D structures of approximately 2100 volatiles and around 9200 synonyms as well as physicochemical properties, commercial availability and references. The volatiles are classified according to their origin, functionality and odorant groups. The information was extracted from the literature and web resources. SuperScent offers several search options, e.g. name, Pubchem ID number, species, functional groups, or molecular weight. SuperScent is available online at: http://bioinformatics.charite.de/superscent.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Eriksson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Hypertrophic muscle fibers with fissures in power-lifters; fiber splitting or defect regeneration?
- 2006
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Ingår i: Histochemistry and Cell Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0948-6143 .- 1432-119X. ; 126:4, s. 409-417
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Power-lifters have hypertrophic muscle fibers with fissures seen in cross-sections, called as fiber splitting.Whether this phenomenon is due to real splitting or defective regeneration has not been settled. To elucidate this matter,we have examined biopsies from the trapezius and vastus lateralis of power lifters (P group) and power lifters self-administrating anabolic steroids (PAS group). For this purpose, immunohistochemical staining of serial cross -sections was used. The PAS group had significantly more fibers with fissures than the P group in the vastus lateralis (1.2%+/-0.95% vs 0.35+/-0.34, P < 0.05) but not in the trapezius muscle (1.7% in both groups). Serial sections revealed that the fibers with fissures changed their profile profoundly over short distances. Some such fibers had a mature staining profile, whereas other fibers indicated recent degeneration and/or regeneration. Activation of satellite cells and formation of aberrant segments were also evident. We conclude that the so-called split fibers are due to defect regeneration. Some fibers with fissures are the results of old events of segmental muscle fiber damage, whereas the others reflect an ongoing process. The normal regenerative process is most likely disturbed in power-lifters by their continuous training with repeated high mechanical stress on the muscles.
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| 19. |
- Eriksson, Anna-Lena, 1971
(författare)
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COMT Genotype, sex steroids, and bone phenotype in mice and men
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- COMT GENOTYPE, SEX STEROIDS AND BONE PHENOTYPE IN MAN AND MICE Anna-Lena Eriksson Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden, 2008 ABSTRACT Sex steroids are of profound importance for several physiological processes including reproduction, growth, and maintenance of skeletal integrity. Serum levels of sex steroids are associated with bone mineral density (BMD) and have been shown to be predictive of fracture risk in older people. Sex steroid levels in serum, and also BMD and fracture risk, are under genetic control. Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) is an important estrogen-degrading enzyme. In the COMT gene there is a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), COMT val108/158met, differentiating three levels of activity: high (COMTHH), intermediate (COMTHL), and low (COMTLL), as a result of lower enzyme activity of the Met variant. The aim of the studies in this thesis was to investigate the role of COMT val108/158met for serum levels of sex steroids, skeletal phenotype, and fracture risk. Four human cohorts and one mouse strain devoid of COMT activity (COMT KO) were used. In girls in early puberty, COMTLL was found to be associated with higher estradiol (E2) levels, increased longitudinal and radial cortical bone growth, and an earlier pubertal development compared with COMTHH. Girls with the COMTLL genotype were 5.4 cm taller on average than girls with COMTHH. Regression models indicated that most of the associations with pubertal development and growth were mediated through elevated levels of E2. This is plausible, because in theory the COMTLL genotype would be associated with higher E2 levels due to impaired degradation of estrogens. Increased longitudinal and radial cortical bone growth was also seen in COMT KO mice, compared with their wild-type siblings. In young adult men, COMT genotype was found to be associated with BMD and it was also found to be a modulator of the positive associations previously found in these young adult men between physical activity (PA) and BMD. In general, the association between PA and BMD was stronger in the COMTLL genotype than in the COMTHH genotype. In elderly men, COMT genotype was associated with an increased risk of self-reported fractures during their lifetime. In addition, COMTLL was found to be associated with increased E2 levels in middle-aged men and a decreased risk of myocardial infarction (MI) in middle-aged men and women combined. In conclusion, the findings in this thesis indicate that COMT may be implicated in several physiological processes including the regulation of timing of puberty and growth in young girls and female mice, bone phenotype in young adult men, fracture risk in elderly men, the incidence of MI in middle-aged individuals, and serum E2 levels in middle-aged men. ISBN 978-91-628-7666-1
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| 20. |
- Eriksson, Anna-Lena, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic variations in sex steroid-related genes as predictors of serum estrogen levels in men.
- 2009
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Ingår i: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 1945-7197 .- 0021-972X. ; 94:3, s. 1033-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CONTEXT: The risk of many conditions, including prostate cancer, breast cancer, and osteoporosis, is associated with serum levels of sex steroids. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to identify genetic variations in sex steroid-related genes that are associated with serum levels of estradiol (E2) and/or testosterone in men. DESIGN: Genotyping of 604 single nucleotide polymorphisms in 50 sex steroid-related candidate genes was performed in the Gothenburg Osteoporosis and Obesity Determinants (GOOD) study (n = 1041 men; age, 18.9 +/- 0.6 yr). Replications of significant associations were performed in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Sweden study (n = 2568 men; age, 75.5 +/- 3.2 yr) and in the MrOS US study (n = 1922 men; age, 73.5 +/- 5.8 yr). Serum E2, testosterone, and estrone (E1) levels were analyzed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. RESULTS: The screening in the GOOD cohort identified the single nucleotide polymorphism rs2470152 in intron 1 of the CYP19 gene, which codes for aromatase, responsible for the final step of the biosynthesis of E2 and E1, to be most significantly associated with serum E2 levels (P = 2 x 10(-6)). This association was confirmed both in the MrOS Sweden study (P = 9 x 10(-7)) and in the MrOS US study (P = 1 x 10(-4)). When analyzed in all subjects (n = 5531), rs2470152 was clearly associated with both E2 (P = 2 x 10(-14)) and E1 (P = 8 x 10(-19)) levels. In addition, this polymorphism was modestly associated with lumbar spine BMD (P < 0.01) and prevalent self-reported fractures (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: rs2470152 of the CYP19 gene is clearly associated with serum E2 and E1 levels in men.
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