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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Bosi, Ferdinando, et al.
(författare)
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Late magmatic controls on the origin of schorlitic and foititic tourmalines from late-Variscan peraluminous granites of the Arbus pluton (SW Sardinia, Italy) : Crystal-chemical study and petrological constraints
- 2018
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Ingår i: Lithos. - : Elsevier BV. - 0024-4937 .- 1872-6143. ; 308-309, s. 395-411
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tourmalines from the late-Variscan Arbus pluton (SW Sardinia) and its metamorphic aureole were structurally and chemically characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, electron and nuclear microprobe analysis, Mössbauer, infrared and optical absorption spectroscopy, to elucidate their origin and relationships with the magmatic evolution during the pluton cooling stages. The Arbus pluton represents a peculiar shallow magmatic system, characterized by sekaninaite (Fe-cordierite)-bearing peraluminous granitoids, linked via AFC processes to gabbroic mantle-derived magmas. The Fe2+-Al-dominant tourmalines occur in: a) pegmatitic layers and pods, as prismatic crystals; b) greisenized rocks and spotted granophyric dikes, as clots or nests of fine-grained crystals in small miaroles locally forming orbicules; c) pegmatitic veins and pods close to the contacts within the metamorphic aureole. Structural formulae indicate that tourmaline in pegmatitic layers is schorl, whereas in greisenized rocks it ranges from schorl to fluor-schorl. Tourmalines in thermometamorphosed contact aureole are schorl, foitite and Mg-rich oxy-schorl. The main substitution is Na + Fe2+ ↔ □ + Al, which relates schorl to foitite. The homovalent substitution (OH) ↔ F at the O1 crystallographic site relates schorl to fluor-schorl, while the heterovalent substitution Fe2+ + (OH, F) ↔ Al + O relates schorl/fluor-schorl to oxy-schorl. Tourmaline crystallization in the Arbus pluton was promoted by volatile (B, F and H2O) enrichment, low oxygen fugacity and Fe2+ activity. The mineralogical evolutive trend is driven by decreasing temperature, as follows: sekaninaite + quartz → schorl + quartz → fluor-schorl + quartz → foitite + quartz. The schorl → foitite evolution represents a distinct trend towards (Al + □) increase and unit-cell volume decrease. These trends are typical of granitic magmas and consistent with Li-poor granitic melts, as supported by the absence of elbaite and other Li-minerals in the Arbus pluton. Tourmaline-bearing rocks reflect the petrogenetic significance of contribution from a metapelitic crustal component during the evolution of magmas in the middle-upper crust.
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| 14. |
- Bram Ednersson, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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Expression of ribosomal and actin network proteins and immunochemotherapy resistance in diffuse large B cell lymphoma patients
- 2018
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Ingår i: British Journal of Haematology. - : Wiley. - 0007-1048 .- 1365-2141. ; 181:6, s. 770-781
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients with early relapse or refractory disease have a very poor outcome. Immunochemotherapy resistance will probably, also in the era of targeted drugs, remain the major cause of treatment failure. We used proteomic mass spectrometry to analyse the global protein expression of micro-dissected formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumour tissues from 97 DLBCL patients: 44 with primary refractory disease or relapse within 1year from diagnosis (REF/REL), and 53 who were progression-free more than 5years after diagnosis (CURED). We identified 2127 proteins: 442 were found in all patients and 102 were differentially expressed. Sixty-five proteins were overexpressed in REF/REL patients, of which 46 were ribosomal proteins (RPs) compared with 2 of the 37 overexpressed proteins in CURED patients (P=76x10(-10)). Twenty of 37 overexpressed proteins in CURED patients were associated with actin regulation, compared with 1 of 65 in REF/REL patients (P=14x10(-9)). Immunohistochemical staining showed higher expression of RPS5 and RPL17 in REF/REL patients while MARCKS-like protein, belonging to the actin network, was more highly expressed in CURED patients. Even though functional studies aimed at individual proteins and protein interactions to evaluate potential clinical effect are needed, our findings suggest new mechanisms behind immunochemotherapy resistance in DLBCL.
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| 15. |
- Carlson, Henrik, 1986-
(författare)
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Atmospheric dynamics and the hydrologic cycle in warm climates
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Past warm climates represent one extreme of Earth's known climate states. Here, we study warm climates in both idealized simulations and full-complexity general circulation model (GCM) simulations of the early Eocene epoch, approximately 50 million years ago.In increasingly warmer idealized aquaplanet simulations, the amplitude of intra-seasonal tropical variability is enhanced. The anomalies propagate eastward in the tropics and resemble the observed Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO). The strong MJO anomalies drive a momentum convergence on the equator that causes westerly winds in the troposphere, a state known as superrotation. The results in this thesis show that superrotation further enhances the MJO by affecting the penetration of midlatitude eddies into the deep tropics. An additional question is how a super-rotating atmosphere, a dramatically different general circulation regime compared to today, will affect the climate, potentially via changes in cloud distributions and ocean circulation. If the superrotation extends down to the surface near the equator, surface westerly winds will drive equatorial downwelling in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean, rather than upwelling as in the present climate. Here, we show that surface superrotation is unlikely in past warm climates, although this in part depends on the intensity of the vertical momentum transfer associated with cumulus convection and how this process is represented in a specific GCM. There is, currently, no consensus on what the specific mix of forcings was that caused the warm climates of the early Eocene. High greenhouse gases likely played a significant role, but simulations with reasonable greenhouse gas concentrations cannot reproduce the high temperatures estimated by proxy data. Here, we investigate both an early Eocene climate forced by high greenhouse gas concentrations and one forced by optically thinner clouds, with artificially increased cloud droplet radius that causes increased solar radiation at the surface. Both alternative warming scenarios produce nearly identical zonal mean temperatures, but the hydrologic cycle differs; the thinner clouds scenario has 11% larger global mean precipitation. Moreover, the results in this thesis indicate that a reasonable estimate of vegetation, based on the model simulation, is likely necessary to evaluate alternative warming scenarios with proxy data.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- de la Rosa, Nathaly, et al.
(författare)
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Quantification of lithium at ppm level in geological samples using nuclear reaction analysis
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0236-5731 .- 1588-2780. ; 317:1, s. 253-259
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Proton-induced reaction (p,α) is one type of nuclear reaction analysis (NRA) suitable especially for light element quantification. In the case of lithium quantification presented in this work, accelerated protons with an energy about of 850 keV were used to induce the 7Li(p,α)4He reaction in standard reference and geological samples such as tourmaline and other Li-minerals. It is shown that this technique for lithium quantification allowed for measurement of concentrations down below one ppm. The possibility to relate the lithium content with the boron content in a single analysis was also demonstrated using tourmaline samples, both in absolute concentration and in lateral distribution. In addition, Particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) was utilized as a complementary IBA technique for simultaneous mapping of elements heavier than sodium.
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| 18. |
- Ding, Jihua, et al.
(författare)
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GIGANTEA-like genes control seasonal growth cessation in Populus
- 2018
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Ingår i: New Phytologist. - : Wiley. - 0028-646X .- 1469-8137. ; 218:4, s. 1491-1503
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Survival of trees growing in temperate zones requires cycling between active growth and dormancy. This involves growth cessation in the autumn triggered by a photoperiod shorter than the critical day length. Variations in GIGANTEA (GI)-like genes have been associated with phenology in a range of different tree species, but characterization of the functions of these genes in the process is still lacking. We describe the identification of the Populus orthologs of GI and their critical role in short-day-induced growth cessation. Using ectopic expression and silencing, gene expression analysis, protein interaction and chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments, we show that PttGIs are likely to act in a complex with PttFKF1s (FLAVIN-BINDING, KELCH REPEAT, F-BOX 1) and PttCDFs (CYCLING DOF FACTOR) to control the expression of PttFT2, the key gene regulating short-day-induced growth cessation in Populus. In contrast to Arabidopsis, in which the GI-CONSTANS (CO)-FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) regulon is a crucial day-length sensor for flowering time, our study suggests that, in Populus, PttCO-independent regulation of PttFT2 by PttGI is more important in the photoperiodic control of growth cessation and bud set.
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| 19. |
- Dänhardt, Juliana, et al.
(författare)
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Collective Implementation of Ecological Focus Areas : Evaluation of the effects on ecosystem services, agriculture and administration
- 2018
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Ecosystem services are fundamental to the welfare of mankind, yet these services are often invisible in many social decisions. This report evaluates the effects on the ecosystem services pollination and biological pest control if Sweden were to introduce collective implementation of EFAs as part of the single payment scheme, including quality improvement measures such as establishing flowering plants.The potential environmental effects are seen in relation to the impacts on the economies of farmers and their acceptance of collective implementation, as well as the administrative costs for the authorities. This study is a step towards integrating the value of ecosystem services into decisions in society, something that is to be achieved by 2018 under the milestone targets in Sweden's environmental objectives system.The study that formed the basis of this report was carried out by the Centre for Environmental and Climate Research at Lund University. The work was carried out within the government commission Environmental effects of the CAP. The Swedish Environmental Protection Agency is the primary authority responsible for this report. The Swedish Board of Agriculture, the Swedish National Heritage Board, the Swedish Agency for Marine and Water Management and the County administrative boards also participated in this project.
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| 20. |
- Engquist, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of HHH-Therapy on Regional CBF after Severe Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Studied by Bedside Xenon-Enhanced CT
- 2018
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Ingår i: Neurocritical Care. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1541-6933 .- 1556-0961. ; 28:2, s. 143-151
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND:Management of delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is difficult and still carries controversies. In this study, the effect of therapeutic hypervolemia, hemodilution, and hypertension (HHH-therapy) on cerebral blood flow (CBF) was assessed by xenon-enhanced computerized tomography (XeCT) hypothesizing an increase in CBF in poorly perfused regions.METHODS:Bedside XeCT measurements of regional CBF in mechanically ventilated SAH patients were routinely scheduled for day 0-3, 4-7, and 8-12. At clinical suspicion of DCI, patients received 5-day HHH-therapy. For inclusion, XeCT was required at 0-48 h before start of HHH (baseline) and during therapy. Data from corresponding time-windows were also collected for non-DCI patients.RESULTS:Twenty patients who later developed DCI were included, and twenty-eight patients without DCI were identified for comparison. During HHH, there was a slight nonsignificant increase in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and a significant reduction in hematocrit. Median global cortical CBF for the DCI group increased from 29.5 (IQR 24.6-33.9) to 38.4 (IQR 27.0-41.2) ml/100 g/min (P = 0.001). There was a concomitant increase in regional CBF of the worst vascular territories, and the proportion of area with blood flow below 20 ml/100 g/min was significantly reduced. Non-DCI patients showed higher CBF at baseline, and no significant change over time.CONCLUSIONS:HHH-therapy appeared to increase global and regional CBF in DCI patients. The increase in SBP was small, while the decrease in hematocrit was more pronounced, which may suggest that intravascular volume status and rheological effects are of importance. XeCT may be potentially helpful in managing poor-grade SAH patients.
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