| 11. |
- Qiu, Chengxuan, et al.
(författare)
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Cerebral microbleeds and age-related macular degeneration : the AGES-Reykjavik Study
- 2012
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Ingår i: Neurobiology of Aging. - : Elsevier BV. - 0197-4580 .- 1558-1497. ; 33:12, s. 2935-2937
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We test the hypothesis that cerebral microbleeds (CMB) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD), both linked to amyloid-beta deposition, are correlated. This study includes 4205 participants (mean age 76.2; 57.8% women) in the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility (AGES)Reykjavik Study (2002-2006). CMB were assessed from magnetic resonance images, and AMD was assessed using digital retinal images. Data were analyzed with multinomial logistic models controlling for major confounders. Evidence of CMB was detected in 476 persons (272 with strict lobar CMB and 204 with nonlobar CMB). AMD was detected in 1098 persons (869 with early AMD, 140 with exudative AMD, and 89 with pure geographic atrophy). Early and exudative AMD were not associated with CMB. The adjusted odds ratio of pure geographic atrophy was 1.62 (95% confidence interval 0.93-2.82, p = 0.089) for having any CMB, 1.43 (0.66-3.06, p = 0.363) for strict lobar CMB, and 1.85 (0.89-3.87, p = 0.100) for nonlobar CMB. This study provides no evidence that amyloid deposits in the brain and AMD are correlated. However, the suggestive association of geographic atrophy with CMB warrants further investigation.
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| 12. |
- Qiu, Chengxuan, et al.
(författare)
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Diabetes, Markers of Brain Pathology and Cognitive Function : The Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Annals of Neurology. - : Wiley. - 0364-5134 .- 1531-8249. ; 75:1, s. 138-146
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: We investigated whether, and the extent to which, vascular and degenerative lesions in the brain mediate the association of diabetes with poor cognitive performance. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 4,206 participants (age>65 years; 57.8% women) of the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study. Data were collected through interview, clinical examination, psychological testing, and laboratory tests. The composite scores on memory, information-processing speed, and executive function were derived from a cognitive test battery. Markers of cerebral macrovascular (cortical infarcts), microvascular (subcortical infarcts, cerebral microbleeds, and higher white matter lesion volume), and neurodegenerative (lower gray matter, normal white matter, and total brain tissue volumes) processes were assessed on magnetic resonance images. Mediation models were employed to test the mediating effect of brain lesions on the association of diabetes with cognitive performance controlling for potential confounders. Results: There were 462 (11.0%) persons with diabetes. Diabetes was significantly associated with lower scores on processing speed and executive function, but not with memory function. Diabetes was significantly associated with all markers of brain pathology. All of these markers were significantly associated with lower scores on memory, processing speed, and executive function. Formal mediation tests suggested that markers of cerebrovascular and degenerative pathology significantly mediated the associations of diabetes with processing speed and executive function. Interpretation: Diabetes is associated with poor performance on cognitive tests of information-processing speed and executive function. The association is largely mediated by markers of both neurodegeneration and cerebrovascular disease. Older people with diabetes should be monitored for cognitive problems and brain lesions.
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| 13. |
- Qiu, Chengxuan, et al.
(författare)
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Differential associations between retinal signs and CMBs by location : The AGES-Reykjavik Study
- 2018
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Ingår i: Neurology. - 0028-3878 .- 1526-632X. ; 90:2, s. e142-e148
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and retinal microvascular signs are differentially associated with lobar and deep cerebral microbleeds (CMBs).MethodsCMBs in lobar regions indicate cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). -Amyloid deposits are implicated in both CAA and AMD. Deep CMBs are associated with hypertension, a major risk factor for retinal microvascular damage. This population-based cohort study included 2,502 participants in the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility (AGES)-Reykjavik Study who undertook binocular digital retinal photographs at baseline (2002-2006) to assess retinal microvascular signs and AMD and brain MRI scan at both baseline and follow-up (2007-2011) to assess CMBs. We assessed retinal microvascular lesion burden by counting the 3 retinal microvascular signs (focal arteriolar narrowing, arteriovenous nicking, and retinopathy) concurrently present in the participant. We used multiple logistic models to examine the association of baseline retinal pathology to incident CMBs detected at follow-up.ResultsDuring an average 5.2 years of follow-up, 461 people (18.3%) developed new CMBs, including 293 in exclusively lobar regions and 168 in deep regions. Pure geographic atrophy was significantly associated with strictly lobar CMBs (multivariable-adjusted odds ratio 2.59, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-6.65) but not with deep CMBs. Concurrently having 2 retinal microvascular signs was associated with a 3-fold (95% CI 1.73-5.20) increased likelihood for deep CMBs but not exclusively lobar CMBs.ConclusionsRetinal microvascular signs and pure geographic atrophy may be associated with deep and exclusively lobar CMBs, respectively, in older people. These results have implications for further research to define the role of small vessel disease in cognitive impairment.
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| 14. |
- Rumetshofer, Theodor, et al.
(författare)
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Tract-based white matter hyperintensity patterns in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus using an unsupervised machine learning approach
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 12, s. 1-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Currently, little is known about the spatial distribution of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) in the brain of patients with Systemic Lupus erythematosus (SLE). Previous lesion markers, such as number and volume, ignore the strategic location of WMH. The goal of this work was to develop a fully-automated method to identify predominant patterns of WMH across WM tracts based on cluster analysis. A total of 221 SLE patients with and without neuropsychiatric symptoms from two different sites were included in this study. WMH segmentations and lesion locations were acquired automatically. Cluster analysis was performed on the WMH distribution in 20 WM tracts. Our pipeline identified five distinct clusters with predominant involvement of the forceps major, forceps minor, as well as right and left anterior thalamic radiations and the right inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus. The patterns of the affected WM tracts were consistent over the SLE subtypes and sites. Our approach revealed distinct and robust tract-based WMH patterns within SLE patients. This method could provide a basis, to link the location of WMH with clinical symptoms. Furthermore, it could be used for other diseases characterized by presence of WMH to investigate both the clinical relevance of WMH and underlying pathomechanism in the brain.
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