| 11. |
- Djärv, Therese, et al.
(författare)
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Decreased general condition in the emergency department : high in-hospital mortality and a broad range of discharge diagnoses
- 2015
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Ingår i: European journal of emergency medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0969-9546 .- 1473-5695. ; 22:4, s. 241-246
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Decreased general condition (DGC) is a frequent presenting complaint within the Adaptive Triage Process. DGC describes a nonspecific decline in health and well-being, and it is common among elderly patients in the emergency department (ED).AIM: The aim of this study was to compare the in-hospital mortality among patients presenting with DGC with that among patients in the corresponding triage category presenting with other complaints to an ED. The secondary aim was to describe the discharge diagnoses of patients presenting with DGC.METHODS: All patients admitted to Södersjukhuset from the ED in 2008 were included. The difference in the in-hospital mortality rate was stratified for triage category at the ED, between patients with DGC (n=1182) and those with all other presenting complaints (n=20 775), and assessed with sex-adjusted and age-adjusted logistic regression models. Discharge diagnoses were assessed as the primary discharge diagnosis according to International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th revision (ICD-10) in the medical discharge notes.RESULTS: A total of 1182 patients with DGC at the ED were admitted for in-hospital care, and they had a four-fold risk of suffering an in-hospital death [odds ratio 4.74 (95% confidence interval 3.88-5.78)] compared with patients presenting with other presenting complaints. The most common discharge diagnoses were diseases of the circulatory system (14%), respiratory system (14%), and genitourinary system (10%).INTERPRETATION: Patients presenting with DGC to an ED often receive low triage priority, frequently require admission for in-hospital care, and, because of the three-fold increased risk of in-hospital death compared with others, belong to a high-risk group.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Dryver, Eric, et al.
(författare)
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The Swedish specialist examination in emergency medicine : form and function
- 2017
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Ingår i: European journal of emergency medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0969-9546 .- 1473-5695. ; 24:1, s. 19-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM/BACKGROUND: The purpose of the Swedish specialist examination in Emergency Medicine is not only to determine whether residents have attained the level of competence of specialists, but also to guide and facilitate residency training.METHODS: The Swedish Society for Emergency Medicine has developed checklists that delineate criteria of consideration and action items for particular processes. These checklists are freely available and used to assess competence during the examination. They are also intended for use during teaching and clinical care, thus promoting alignment between clinical practice, teaching and assessment. The examination is carried out locally by residency program educators, thereby obviating travel expenses. It consists of a total of 24 stations and over 100 potential scenarios, thereby minimizing case specificity. Each station consists of a scenario based on a real case. The checklists allow for direct feedback to the examinee after each station.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: This model may be of interest to other European countries.
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| 14. |
- Engdahl, J, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term mortality among patients discharged alive after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest does not differ markedly compared with that of myocardial infarct patients without out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
- 2001
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Ingår i: European journal of emergency medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Ltd.. - 0969-9546 .- 1473-5695. ; 8:4, s. 253-261
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of our research was to study the long-term prognosis among patients discharged alive after an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in comparison with patients discharged alive after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) without OHCA, and also to study the long-term influence of AMI in connection with OHCA. Our research was conducted in the municipality of Göteborg. We retrospectively studied patients discharged from hospital 1990-91 after an OHCA of cardiac aetiology and patients discharged after an AMI without prehospital cardiac arrest. During 1980-98, we studied all patients discharged alive after OHCA of cardiac aetiology, divided into groups of precipitating AMI and no AMI. The study includes 48 patients discharged alive after an OHCA 1990-91, 30 (62%) of whom had a simultaneous AMI and 1425 patients with an AMI without OHCA. Compared with AMI survivors, survivors of an OHCA of cardiac origin were younger but had more frequently a history of congestive heart failure. Their mortality rate during the subsequent 5 years was 46%, compared with 40% among survivors of an AMI (NS). The 5-year mortality rate among patients with an OHCA precipitated by an AMI was 40%. When correcting for differences at baseline, the adjusted risk ratio for death among patients with an OHCA of cardiac origin was 1.2 (95% CI 0.8-1.8) compared with patients with an uncomplicated AMI. During 1980-98, 215 patients were judged as having an OHCA precipitated by an AMI and 115 patients had an OHCA of cardiac aetiology but no simultaneous AMI. Five-year mortality was 54% and 50% respectively (NS). It is concluded that survivors of an OHCA of cardiac origin differed from survivors of an uncomplicated AMI in that they were younger and more frequently had a history of cardiovascular disease. Their 5-year mortality after discharge was similar to that of survivors of an AMI without a prehospital cardiac arrest, even after adjusting for differences at baseline.
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| 15. |
- Ferlander, Pia, et al.
(författare)
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Nonspecific abdominal pain in the Emergency Department : malignancy incidence in a nationwide Swedish cohort study
- 2018
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Ingår i: European journal of emergency medicine. - : Copyright Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. - 0969-9546 .- 1473-5695. ; 25:2, s. 105-109
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTIONThe role of emergency physicians is to identify patients in need of immediate treatment, but also to identify symptoms indicative of serious, if not immediately life-threatening conditions. AIMTo assess whether symptoms described as nonspecific abdominal pain (NSAP) could be the first indication of an abdominal malignancy. MATERIALS AND METHODSThis was a nationwide registry-based cohort study of all patients discharged with NSAP from Swedish Emergency Departments (EDs) during the year 2011, based on Swedish patient registries of inpatient and outpatient care, and the cause of death registry, studying patients diagnosed with de novo cancer within a year after their NSAP discharge. RESULTSOf 24 801 patients discharged with NSAP in 2011, 2.2% were assigned a cancer diagnosis within 12 months. Almost 20% of patients diagnosed with a malignancy died within the year, and 16% of these deaths occurred within a month after the ED visit. The majority of patients with cancer were 60 years of age or older, and thus significantly older than the remaining NSAP patients. Patients with malignancies also had a greater number of comorbidities than the remaining NSAP patients (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONA small percentage of patients discharged with NSAP from Swedish EDs are diagnosed with a malignancy within a year. Patients aged 60 years or older and with comorbidities were over-represented in terms of developing malignancies after discharge. Emergency physicians should be aware of the fact that diffuse abdominal symptoms in elderly patients could be the first sign of an underlying malignancy and more liberally refer such patients for follow-up in primary care.
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| 16. |
- Gardtman, M, et al.
(författare)
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Has an intensified treatment in the ambulance of patients with acute severe left heart failure improved the outcome?
- 2000
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Ingår i: European journal of emergency medicine : official journal of the European Society for Emergency Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Ltd.. - 0969-9546 .- 1473-5695. ; 7:1, s. 15-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to evaluate short- and long-term outcome prior to and after the introduction of a more intensified treatment in the ambulance of patients with acute severe heart failure. Consecutive patients with acute severe heart failure transported by the mobile coronary care unit (MCCU) in the community of Göteborg prior to and after the introduction of an intensified treatment (nitroglycerine, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and furosemide). One hundred and fifty-eight patients were evaluated during each period. The median age was 77 and 76.5 years, respectively, and 52% and 42% were women. The proportion of patients given nitroglycerine in the ambulance was 4% and 68% in the two periods; the proportion of patients treated with furosemide was 13% and 84%, respectively. CPAP was used in less than 1% during period 1 and in 91% during period 2. On admission of the ambulance 60% had fulminant pulmonary oedema during period 1 versus 78% during period 2 (p<0.0001). On admission to hospital the opposite was found, 93% during period 1 versus 76% during period 2 (p<0.0001). The median serum creatinine kinase (CK-MB) maximum activity was 13 microkat/l during period 1 and 8 microkat/l during period 2 (p = 0.007). However, the mortality during the first year remained high during both periods (39.2% and 35.8%, p = 0.64). It is concluded that a more intensive treatment in the ambulance of patients with acute severe heart failure seems to have resulted in an improvement in symptoms during transport and less myocardial damage. However, no significant improvement in long-term mortality was observed.
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| 17. |
- Gellerstedt, Martin, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Could a computer-based system including a prevalence function support emergency medical systems and improve the allocation of life support level?
- 2006
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Ingår i: Eur J Emerg Med. - London, UK : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Ltd.. - 0969-9546 .- 1473-5695. ; 13:5, s. 290-4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether a computer-based decision support system could be useful for the emergency medical system when identifying patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or life-threatening conditions and thereby improve the allocation of life support level. METHODS: Patients in the Municipality of Goteborg who dialled the dispatch centre due to chest pain during a period of 3 months. To analyse the relationship between patient characteristics (according to a case record form used during an interview) and the response variables (AMI or life-threatening condition), multivariate logistic regression was used. For each patient, the probability of AMI/life-threatening condition was estimated by the model. We used these probabilities retrospectively to allocate advanced life support or basic life support. This model allocation was then compared with the true allocation made by the dispatchers. RESULTS: The sensitivity, that is, the percentage of AMI patients allocated to advanced life support, was 85.7% in relation to the true allocation made by the dispatchers. The corresponding sensitivity regarding allocation made by the model was 92.4% (P=0.17). The specificity was also slightly higher for the model allocation than the dispatcher allocation. Among the 15 patients with AMI who were allocated to basic life support by the dispatchers, nine died (eight during and one after hospitalization). Among the eight patients with AMI allocated to basic life support by the model, only one patient died (in hospital) (P=0.02). CONCLUSION: A computer-based decision support system including a prevalence function could be a valuable tool for allocating the level of life support. The case record form, however, used for the interview can be refined and a model based on a larger sample and confirmed in a prospective study is recommended.
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| 18. |
- Göransson, Katarina, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Interrater agreement : a comparison between two emergency department triage scales
- 2011
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Ingår i: European journal of emergency medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc. - 0969-9546 .- 1473-5695. ; 18:2, s. 68-72
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVEThe aim was to elucidate if, by strictly applying the Adaptive Process Triage (ADAPT) scale, the interrater agreement increased among the participating registered nurses (RNs) than when triaging according to the older scale, which allowed subjective interpretations of signs and symptoms. METHODSNineteen patient scenarios were triaged in 2006 by 45 RNs using the previous triage scale, and in 2008 by 30 RNs using ADAPT. RESULTSThere was no significant difference (P=0.65) between the two triage scales with regard to level of overall exact agreement (κ value 0.529 vs. 0.472). The same triage level was more often chosen when using the ADAPT system as compared to the earlier triage scale and dispersion across the triage levels was also reduced when using ADAPT. Eight (42%) of the patient scenarios were triaged as both unstable and stable by ADAPT, and 11 (58%) when the older scale was applied. Fourteen (74%) of the scenarios could not be allocated to a defined triage level by ADAPT. Five main reasons for such triage decisions were identified. CONCLUSIONBoth the triage scales showed moderate overall agreements, while dispersion of triage decisions across several triage levels declined when ADAPT was used. Although the algorithm for acuity allocation by ADAPT seemed well defined, many patient scenarios were triaged as both unstable and stable and thus allocated to various triage levels. If ADAPT is to function as a safe triage tool with low interrater variability, further revision of the triage algorithms is needed.
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| 19. |
- Göransson, Katarina, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Patients’ pathway to emergency care : is the emergency department their first choice of care?
- 2013
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Ingår i: European journal of emergency medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc. - 0969-9546 .- 1473-5695. ; 20:1, s. 45-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVESTo investigate whether patients came directly to the emergency department (ED) or whether they had taken any other actions or activities within the healthcare system before attending the ED. An additional aim was to increase our understanding of the potential determinants between patients’ ED-seeking behaviour and patient-related data. METHODSThis prospective descriptive study was carried out at the ED at a level one trauma centre at a university hospital in Sweden. During 12 weeks in 2008, a 20-item study-specific questionnaire was distributed by research assistants to patients arriving either by their own means or by ambulance to the ED. In addition, patient-specific data were gathered from the electronic patient records. RESULTSA total of 2014 patients participated in the study, of whom 1192 (59%) reported to have carried out healthcare-related actions or activities before their visit to the ED. A general practitioner was the most common (29.1%) healthcare provider to have been in contact with. Female patients and patients with a longer duration of symptoms sought other health caregivers before the ED visit to a significantly higher extent (P<0.001, 0.003). Other caregivers’ referral rate to the ED was 60.1–87.9%. Accessibility to other caregivers was generally rated as easy. CONCLUSIONA large proportion of ED patients sought previous healthcare before seeking care at the ED. Female patients and patients with longer symptom duration more often sought other caregivers before seeking ED care.
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| 20. |
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