| 11. |
- Rosenqvist, M
(författare)
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Monitoring compliance to guidelines
- 2006
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Ingår i: Scandinavian cardiovascular journal : SCJ. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-7431 .- 1651-2006. ; 40:5, s. 260-261
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Erlandsson, Soly, 1942-, et al.
(författare)
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A longitudinal study investigating the contribution of mental illness in chronic tinnitus patients
- 2006
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Ingår i: Audiological Medicine. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-386X .- 1651-3835. ; 4:3, s. 124-133
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The nature of affective components seen in relation to tinnitus suffering was investigated in 70 patients consulting at an audiological clinic. They were interviewed and answered the Spielberger's State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI). It was hypothesized that an anxious and depressed mood might be a sign of a serious psychiatric illness and, therefore, diagnostic interviews including the Structural Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders), Axis II (personality) disorders (SCID-II), the BDI, the Montgomery A?sberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and the Hopelessness Scale (HS), as well as biomedical tests, were conducted in a subgroup of 18 individuals. Fifty per cent (two women and seven men) were diagnosed as suffering from a personality disorder. No significant relationships were revealed when various biochemical markers were analysed. One and a half years later, 16 subjects were interviewed a third time and answered the STAI and the BDI. There was a clear trend in the data showing that patients having a personality disorder did not change their distress profile from the first to the third period of assessment. In these patients, a vicious circle caused by pronounced intolerance to life stress seems to operate in a more serious way than in patients who do not suffer from a personality disorder. © 2006 Taylor & Francis.
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| 14. |
- Johansson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of dizziness in relation to psychological factors and general health in older adults
- 2006
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Ingår i: Audiological Medicine. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-386X .- 1651-3835. ; 4:3, s. 144-150
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study examined the point prevalence of dizziness among older adults in the Swedish population. It also explored the relationship between dizziness and general health and psychological factors, and the impact of dizziness on daily life. Data were obtained by means of a postal survey, administrated to 2000 randomly selected adults. Among the responders, 247 were aged 65-79 years. Dizziness was defined as being at least slightly annoyed by dizziness or unsteadiness at present. Results showed that the point prevalence of dizziness was estimated at 25.2%. Dizziness increased significantly with age among the women, but not among the men. Statistically significant associations were found between dizziness and anxiety, anxiety sensitivity, depression, hearing problems, tinnitus, pain in neck or shoulder and muscle tension. Almost 10% of the sample had visited a physician during the last 12 months concerning their dizziness and more than 10% reported having been prevented from working or performing normal activities for at least a day due to dizziness. In conclusion, the present study suggests that, at present, more than 25% of the older adults in Sweden are suffering from dizziness. It also suggests that a large proportion of the older adults in the country visit a physician concerning their problems with dizziness each year, and that there are associations between dizziness and factors in multiple domains in this population. © 2006 Taylor & Francis.
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| 15. |
- Bjerlemo, Berit, et al.
(författare)
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Recovery after early vestibular rehabilitation in patients with acute unilateral vestibular loss
- 2006
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Ingår i: Audiological Medicine. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-386X .- 1651-3835. ; 4:3, s. 117-123
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aims of this study were to follow the recovery process, and explore the disease impact on sick leave in patients with acute unilateral vestibular loss (AUVL). Another aim was to investigate whether initial signs of nystagmus, caloric response, and subjective symptoms of vertigo could predict the return to work. Recovery was followed through the reduction in spontaneous and head-shaking nystagmus, evaluated by Video-Frenzel examination, and by caloric response/asymmetry and spontaneous nystagmus, evaluated by bithermal binaural caloric testing. Information regarding employment, sick leave and subjective symptoms of vertigo was collected using a questionnaire. Twenty-seven patients with AUVL participated in a physiotherapy training programme, starting within 48 h of disease onset. Four assessments were performed: at disease onset, in the acute stage, and after one and six months. In most patients a very rapid cessation of spontaneous nystagmus could be observed (14/27 at a median time of two days after disease onset, a further 10 patients after one month and the remaining three patients after six months). A more prolonged persistence of head shaking nystagmus was observed (24/27, 14/27 and 5/21 of the patients showed head-shaking nystagmus at the three assessments). Caloric asymmetry was normalized after six months in 11/27 patients. A positive and significant correlation was observed between long-lasting sick leave and caloric asymmetry, sense of unsteadiness when standing and walking and older age. Unsteadiness when standing and walking, as well as existence of spontaneous nystagmus, were also positively and significantly correlated with the degree of caloric asymmetry. Spontaneous or head-shaking nystagmus, caloric asymmetry and subjective vertigo at disease onset did not, however, predict sick leave after one or six months. Recovery was excellent in most of the patients.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Andersson-Felé, Lena, 1946
(författare)
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Time to Revive Luther Gulick, on Span of Control and Organisation Quality, SPA Working Paper 2006:15
- 2006
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Ingår i: SPA Working Paper 2006:15. - 1651-5242.
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- For the last few decades health care services as well as other parts of the public sector have gone through comprehensive rationalisation and financial cut-backs. Rationalisation means, almost by definition, increased demands on managers and their subordinates, since the intention is to retain an unaltered production or produce more with fewer employees. In association with rationalisation the public sector has also used many of the working and managing methods that have developed from and seen to be successful within the private sector. Flat organisations with few management levels and lean production, without essential support resources, have been sought for. This paper is about organisational prerequisites for managers at an operational level within the health care industry. These managers, with direct responsibility for personnel, are usually called supervisors, foremen, middle-managers or first line managers: They work closest to the personnel, the subordinates, and have direct responsibility for personnel, finance and the organisation on a daily basis. The main focus in this paper is on the relationship between the number of employees a manager is responsible for – the span of control - and primarily the quality of the working environment and performance – the internal quality. The purpose of this paper is to show both how the theories around the span of control have developed and also which empirical studies that have been carried out with respect to the span of control’s effect on the quality of the organisation. The paper begins with legislative demands on efficiency and quality in Swedish health care. This is followed by a section on the consequences of a more streamlined organisation, different levels of management, theories on the span of control and a review of empirical studies. The paper ends with a discussion around the importance of the span of control on work environment and performance.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Erlanson-Albertsson, Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Reply to letter by Aarts and Greiner.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Acta Pædiatrica. - : Wiley. - 1651-2227 .- 0803-5253. ; 95:5, s. 624-625
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 20. |
- Hook, B, et al.
(författare)
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Prenatal and postnatal maternal smoking as risk factors for preschool children's mental health
- 2006
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Ingår i: Acta Pædiatrica. - : Wiley. - 1651-2227 .- 0803-5253. ; 95:6, s. 671-677
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To identify maternal prenatal and postnatal smoking as risk factors for psychosocial behaviour problems in Swedish preschool children. Methods: This prospective, longitudinal population study compared mothers' self-reported smoking during pregnancy and when the child was 3 mo old with behaviour problems according to Achenbach's Child Behavior Checklist at 3 y ( 1428 children) and 5.5 y of age ( 677 of the children). Results: 16% of the mothers smoked during pregnancy and the same number after the birth of the child. Controlling for possible confounding variables, maternal smoking was significantly related to externalizing problems, aggressive behaviour, and destructive/delinquent behaviour both at 3 y and 5.5 y. The effect was as strong for girls as for boys. Length and weight were lower for children of smoking mothers than for children of non-smoking mothers. Conclusion: Our study supports the importance of preventing maternal smoking during pregnancy and the infant years. Even a few cigarettes per day have negative consequences for the child. The goal must be total abstinence from smoking both pre- and postnatally.
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