| 11. |
- Herzog, Katharina, et al.
(författare)
-
Combined lifestyle factors and the risk of LADA and type 2 diabetes – Results from a Swedish population-based case-control study
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-8227 .- 1872-8227. ; 174
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: We investigated the risk of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) and type 2 diabetes in relation to a healthy lifestyle, the proportion of patients attributable to an unhealthy lifestyle, and the influence of family history of diabetes (FHD) and genetic susceptibility. Methods: The population-based study included incident LADA (n = 571), type 2 diabetes (n = 1962), and matched controls (n = 2217). A healthy lifestyle was defined by BMI < 25 kg/m2, moderate-to-high physical activity, a healthy diet, no smoking, and moderate alcohol consumption. We estimated odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusted for age, sex, education, and FHD. Results: Compared to a poor/moderate lifestyle, a healthy lifestyle was associated with a reduced risk of LADA (OR 0.51, CI 0.34–0.77) and type 2 diabetes (OR 0.09, CI 0.05–0.15). A healthy lifestyle conferred a reduced risk irrespective of FHD and high-risk HLA genotypes. Having a BMI < 25 kg/m2 conferred the largest risk reduction for both LADA (OR 0.54, CI 0.43–0.66) and type 2 diabetes (OR 0.12, CI 0.10–0.15) out of the individual items. Conclusion: People with a healthy lifestyle, especially a healthy body weight, have a reduced risk of LADA including those with genetic susceptibility to diabetes.
|
|
| 12. |
- Husdal, Rebecka, et al.
(författare)
-
Organisation of primary diabetes care in people with type 2 diabetes in relation to all-cause mortality: A nationwide register-based cohort study
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-8227 .- 1872-8227. ; 167
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: To examine if personnel resources and organisational features in Swedish primary health-care centres (PHCCs) are associated to all-cause mortality (ACM) in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: A total of 187,570 people with T2DM registered in the Swedish National Diabetes Register (NDR) during 2013 were included in this nationwide cohort study. Individual NDR data were linked to data from a questionnaire addressing personnel resources and organisational features for 787 (68%) PHCCs as well as to individual data on socio-economic status and comorbidities. Furthermore, data on ACM were obtained and followed up until 30 January 2018. Hierarchical Cox regression analyses were applied. Results: After a median follow-up of 4.2 years, 27,136 (14.5%) participants had died. An association was found between number of whole-time-equivalent (WTE) general practitioner's (GP's) devoted to diabetes care/500 people with T2DM and lower risk of early death (hazard ratio 0.919 [95% confidence interval 0.895–0.945] per additional WTE GP; p = 0.002). No other personnel resources or organisational features were significantly associated with ACM. Conclusions: This nationwide register-based cohort study suggests that the number of WTE GPs devoted to diabetes care have an impact on the risk of early death in people with T2DM. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
|
|
| 13. |
- Jansåker, Filip, et al.
(författare)
-
Examining the causal effect of type 2 diabetes on ischemic heart disease : - a longitudinal study with four measurements (1980-2017)
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-8227 .- 0168-8227. ; 198
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: This longitudinal study examines a possible causal effect between type 2 diabetes and ischemic heart disease (IHD) by using measurements on four occasions from the Swedish Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (SILC) together with nationwide healthcare registers.METHODS: This was a longitudinal study based on a random sample of men and women (n = 2014) from the Swedish population with four measurements in the SILC every eight years. Baseline was 1980/81 and the participants were followed for up to 37 years. The mean age and age range at baseline were 36.5 and 20-59 years, respectively. The study used Marginal Structural Modeling (MSM-Cox) to account for time-varying exposures by implementing inverse probability weighting (IPTW). MSM-Cox with IPTW was compared with Cox proportional hazard modelling.RESULTS: The hazard ratio (HR) for IHD (369 cases) with 95% confidence interval (CI) in participants with type 2 diabetes (11.1%) compared to participants without type 2 diabetes (88.9%) was significantly higher (1.99; CI = 1.15 - 3.44) when using MSM-Cox with IPTW after adjustments for clinical and sociodemographic risk factors. When applying Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for the same variables, the HR was lower and non-significant at 1.34 (CI = 0.94 - 1.98).CONCLUSIONS: This longitudinal study with four measurements assessed a possible causal association between type 2 diabetes and IHD by applying MSM-Cox with IPTW. Although causality cannot be determined due to the remaining risk of residual bias, the results may help to elucidate a potential causal relationship between type 2 diabetes and IHD. Further causal studies on possible underlying mechanisms are, however, needed.
|
|
| 14. |
- Jarl, Gustav, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
-
Should weight-bearing activity be reduced during healing of plantar diabetic foot ulcers, even when using appropriate offloading devices?
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. - : Elsevier. - 0168-8227 .- 1872-8227. ; 175
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Physical activity is an essential part of general health and diabetes management. However, recommending weight-bearing physical activity for people with plantar diabetic foot ulcers is controversial, even when gold standard offloading devices are used, as it is commonly thought to delay healing. We aimed to narratively review relevant studies investigating the relationship between plantar diabetic foot ulcer healing and weight-bearing activity, plantar pressure and device adherence. We defined relevant studies as those from two systematic reviews, along with those identified since using a similar updated Pubmed search strategy. We identified six studies. One study found that more daily steps were associated with worse ulcer healing, three found no significant association between steps and ulcer healing, and in two others the association was unclear. Thus, there is weak evidence for an inverse relationship between weight-bearing physical activity and plantar ulcer healing while utilizing offloading devices. We propose a Diabetic foot Offloading and Activity framework to guide future research to find the optimal balance between the positive and negative effects of weight-bearing activity in the context of foot ulcers. We hope such future studies will shed more conclusive light on the impact of weight-bearing activity on healing of plantar diabetic foot ulcers.
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
| 16. |
- Lundin, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
-
SOdium-glucose CO-transporter inhibition in patients with newly detected Glucose Abnormalities and a recent Myocardial Infarction (SOCOGAMI)
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-8227 .- 1872-8227. ; 193, s. 110141-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims/hypothesis: Established dysglycaemia (impaired glucose tolerance [IGT] or type 2 diabetes [T2DM]) is a risk factor for further cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery disease. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors reduce this risk. The aim of the present investigation was to test the hypothesis that empagliflozin exerts beneficial effects on myocardial function in patients with a recent acute coronary syndrome and newly detected dysglycaemia. Methods: Forty-two patients (mean age 67.5 years, 81 % male) with recent myocardial infarction (n = 36) or unstable angina (n = 6) and newly detected IGT (n = 27) or T2DM (n = 15) were randomised to 25 mg of empagliflozin daily (n = 20) or placebo (n = 22) on top of ongoing therapy. They were investigated with oral glucose tolerance tests, stress-perfusion cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) and echocardiography at three occasions: before randomisation, after seven months on study drug and three months following cessation of such drug. Primary outcome was a change in left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) and secondary outcomes were a change in a) systolic and diastolic LV function; b) coronary flow reserve; c) myocardial extracellular volume (ECV) in non-infarcted myocardium; d) aortic pulse wave velocity. Results: Empagliflozin induced a significant decrease in fasting and post load glucose (p < 0.05) and body weight (p < 0.01). Empagliflozin did not influence LVEDV, LV systolic or mass indexes, coronary flow reserve, ECV or aortic pulse wave velocity. Echocardiographic indices of LV diastolic function (E/e' and mitral E/A ratio) were not influenced. No safety concerns were identified. Conclusions/interpretation: Empagliflozin had predicted effects on the dysglycaemia but did not influence vari-ables expressing LV function, coronary flow reserve and ECV. An explanation may be that the LV function of the patients was within the normal range.
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
|
|
| 19. |
|
|
| 20. |
|
|
