| 11. |
|
|
| 12. |
- Edsparr, Karin, 1979, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of IL-2 on MMP expression in freshly isolated human NK cells and the IL-2-independent NK cell line YT.
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Journal of immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997). - 1537-4513. ; 33:5, s. 475-81
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Interleukin-2 is an important activation factor for natural killer (NK) cells but its effect on NK cell matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) production and matrix degradation is less well investigated. We have used freshly isolated human NK cells and the IL-2-independent NK cell line, YT, to investigate the effects of IL-2 stimulation on NK cell invasion of Matrigel and on MMP expression and production. In YT cells, we found opposing early and late effects of IL-2 stimulation with an early (2 h) increase in MMP-9 protein level and enhanced migration in the Matrigel invasion assay and by 30 hours a decreased mRNA expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, MMP-13, MT3-MMP, and MT6-MMP. We also found a preculture period of 48 hours with IL-2 to negatively affect YT cell migration. We furthermore found that freshly isolated human NK cells Matrigel invasion was MMP-dependent and it increased in response to IL-2. Importantly, in freshly isolated human NK cells we did not see a downregulation of MMPs after 24 hours IL-2 stimulation, but instead a significant upregulation of MT6-MMP mRNA. Because of the cellular localisation of MT6-MMP, which ensures a focalized proteolytic activity, and its high expression compared with the other MMPs in freshly isolated human NK cells makes it of interest to study further.
|
|
| 13. |
- Fokkema, Marieke L, et al.
(författare)
-
Population Trends in Percutaneous Coronary Intervention 20-Year Results From the SCAAR (Swedish Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty Registry)
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Journal of the American College of Cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0735-1097 .- 1558-3597. ; 61:12, s. 1222-1230
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics and outcome of all consecutive patients treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in an unselected nationwide cohort over the past 2 decades. Background Over the last 20 years, treatment with PCI has evolved dramatically, but the change in patient characteristics has not been well described. Methods We included all patients undergoing a PCI procedure for the first time between January 1990 and December 2010 from the SCAAR (Swedish Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty Registry). Patients were divided into different cohorts on the basis of the year of the first PCI procedure. Results A total of 144,039 patients was included. The mean age increased from 60.1 +/- 9.9 years in 1990 to 1995 to 67.1 +/- 11.2 years in 2009 to 2010. The proportion of patients presenting with unstable coronary artery disease and ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction increased from 27.4% and 6.2% to 47.7% and 32.5%, respectively. Diabetes mellitus and multivessel disease were more often present in the later-year cohorts. The 1-year mortality increased from 2.2% in 1990 to 1995 to 5.9% in 2009 to 2010, but after adjustment for age and indication, a modest decrease was shown, mainly in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients. Conclusions Characteristics of PCI patients have changed substantially over time, reflecting the establishment of new evidence. The increasing age and proportion of patients undergoing PCI for acute coronary syndromes greatly influence outcome. Understanding the changing patient characteristics is important for the translation of evidence to real-world clinical practice. (J Am Coll Cardiol 2013; 61: 1222-30) (C) 2013 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
- Odelius, Karin, et al.
(författare)
-
Porosity and Pore Size Regulate the Degradation Product Profile of Polylactide
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Biomacromolecules. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1525-7797 .- 1526-4602. ; 12:4, s. 1250-1258
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Porosity and pore size regulated the degradation rate and the release of low molar mass degradation products from porous polylactide (PLA) scaffolds. PLA scaffolds with porosities above 90% and different pore size ranges were subjected to hydrolytic degradation and compared to their solid analog. The solid film degraded fastest and the degradation rate of the porous structures decreased with decreasing pore size. Degradation products were detected earlier from the solid films compared to the porous structures as a result of the additional migration path within the porous structures. An intermediate degradation rate profile was observed when the pore size range was broadened. The morphology of the scaffolds changed during hydrolysis where the larger pore size scaffolds showed sharp pore edges and cavities on the scaffold surface. In the scaffolds with smaller pores, the pore size decreased during degradation and a solid surface was formed on the top of the scaffold. Porosity and pore size, thus, influenced the degradation and the release of degradation products that should be taken into consideration when designing porous scaffolds for tissue engineering.
|
|
| 16. |
- Roy, P. K., et al.
(författare)
-
Exploring the Biodegradation Potential of Polyethylene Through a Simple Chemical Test Method
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Journal of Polymers and the Environment. - : Springer Nature. - 1566-2543 .- 1572-8919 .- 1572-8900. ; 22:1, s. 69-77
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oxidatively degradable polyethylene is finding widespread use, particularly in applications such as single use packaging and agriculture. However, the key question which still remains unanswered is the ultimate fate and biodegradability of these polymers. During a short-time frame only the oxidized low molecular weight fraction will be amenable to significant biodegradation. The short-time frame biodegradation potential of different LDPE-transition metal formulations was, thus, explored through a simple chemical extraction of oxidized fraction. In addition the effectiveness of different transitions metals was evaluated by comparing the extractable fractions. Blown LDPE films modified with different transition metal based pro-oxidants were thermo-oxidized at 60 °C over extended periods. The structural changes occurring in the polymer were monitored and the oxidized degradation products formed as a result of the aging process were estimated by extractions with water and acetone. The extractable fraction first increased to approximately 22 % as a result of thermo-oxidative aging and then leveled off. The extractable fraction was approximately two times higher after acetone extraction compared to extraction with water and as expected, it was higher for the samples containing pro-oxidants. Based on our results in combination with existing literature we propose that acetone extractable fraction gives an estimation of the maximum short-term biodegradation potential of the material, while water extractable fraction indicates the part that is easily accessible to microorganisms and rapidly assimilated. The final level of biodegradation under real environmental conditions will of course be highly dependent on the specific environment, material history and degradation time.
|
|
| 17. |
- Roy, P. K., et al.
(författare)
-
Nanoclay effects on the degradation process and product patterns of polylactide
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Polymer degradation and stability. - : Elsevier BV. - 0141-3910 .- 1873-2321. ; 97:8, s. 1254-1260
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The addition of montmorillonite (MMT) nanoclays shifted the degradation product patterns of polylactide towards shorter lactic acid oligomers as compared to the product patterns of plain polylactide and halloysite modified polylactide hydrolysed under same conditions. The addition of the two MMT sheet type nanoclays led to substantial improvement in the barrier properties of polylactide, which was attributed to the inherent restriction offered by the inorganic filler towards the movement of gases through the film. This could be connected to the observed change in the degradation product patterns as the formed degradation products, especially the longer oligomers, could be partially trapped inside the films leading to catalytic effect, higher mass loss at later stages of hydrolysis as well as release of shorter lactic acid oligomers into the ageing water. The nanocomposites generally exhibited higher contact angles indicating increased hydrophobicity. However, hyperbranched polyesters additives were found to be preferentially present at the surface of the films which led to increased surface hydrophilicity for these materials. The hydrolytic degradation was performed at 60 °C for up to 12 weeks and the process was monitored by mass loss measurements, molar mass changes and calorimetric studies. The water-soluble degradation products were examined by electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS).
|
|
| 18. |
- Söderpalm, Ann-Charlott, 1961, et al.
(författare)
-
Reference data for BMD in children 2-10 years of age assessed by DXL Calscan.
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Thirty-third Annual Meeting of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. Minneapolis, USA.. ; okt:SA134
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Aim To collect normative data in order to generate pediatric reference values for calcaneal bone mineral density (BMD) in healthy 2 - 10-yr-old Swedish children. Background Site-specific information on bone mass development is important when investigating children with different disorders. The lower extremities e.g., are affected at an early stage in children with neuromuscular disorders such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in combination with a laser measurement of the heel thickness, DXL Calscan (Demetech AB), measures BMD in the heel bone and an apparent density (BMAD) is calculated. The DXL Calscan is portable, easy to use, has a short measurement time, gives a low absorbed radiation dose and the method is applicable in very young children and in individuals with disabilities. Subjects and Method Healthy, Swedish children were randomly included. The left foot was scanned in 117 2-yr-old, 110 4-yr-old and 107 7-yr-old children, 50% were boys, using the DXL Calscan technique. More than 35 % of the children from each age group were followed for another 2 years. A total of 645 measurements in children aged 2 – 10 yrs were performed. Height and weight were determined annually and questionnaires concerning general health were completed at every visit. Results The mean BMD in the 2-yr-olds was 0.17 ± 0.003 g/cm2, in the 4-yr-olds 0.22 ± 0.003 g/cm2 and in the 7-yr-olds 0.30 ± 0.005 g/cm2. The 7-yr-old girls had a significantly higher BMD than the boys (p=0.026) but there were no significant gender differences in the calcaneal BMD in 2- and 4-yr-olds. BMD was significantly correlated with age (p<0.001, r=0.78). A weaker correlation was found between BMAD and age (p<0.001, r=0.23). Based on the data from the 2-yr follow-up; a total of 645 (328 girls/ 317 boys) measurements, reference curves (mean ± 2 SD) were produced for calcaneal BMD in girls and boys aged 2 - 10 yrs according to age and height. Conclusions Gender differences are present in the heel bone BMD at an early age. This study presents gender specific reference curves for heel BMD for children 2-10 yrs of age. These data will be valuable in future research and for evaluating the bone health in children with different disorders and a useful complement when other bone mass measurement techniques are not possible to use, e.g. due to metallic implants.BMAD may reflect mineralization without the influence of bone size. Disclosures: None
|
|
| 19. |
- Velders, Matthijs A., et al.
(författare)
-
Prognosis of elderly patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention in 2001 to 2011 : a report from the Swedish Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty Registry (SCAAR) registry
- 2014
-
Ingår i: American Heart Journal. - : Elsevier. - 0002-8703 .- 1097-6744. ; 167:5, s. 666-673
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Elderly patients constitute a growing part of the population presenting with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The use of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in this high-risk population remains poorly investigated.METHODS: Using the Swedish Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty Registry (SCAAR), we identified consecutive patients with STEMI 80 years or older undergoing primary PCI during a 10-year period. Temporal trends in care and 1-year prognosis were investigated, and long-term outcome was compared with a reference group of patients with STEMI aged 70 to 79 years. Relative survival was calculated by dividing the observed survival rate with the expected survival rate of the general population. Adjusted end points were calculated using Cox regression.RESULTS: In total, 4,876 elderly patients with STEMI were included. During the study period, average age and presence of comorbidity increased, as well as the use of antithrombotic therapy. Procedural success remained constant. One-year mortality was exclusively reduced between the most recent vs the earliest cohort, whereas the risk of reinfarction, heart failure, stroke, and bleeding remained similar. The risk of death was higher for elderly patients early after PCI, after which the prognosis was slightly better compared with the general population. Long-term risk of adverse events increased markedly with age.CONCLUSIONS: The prognosis of patients older than 80 years treated with primary PCI for STEMI was relatively unchanged during the 10-year inclusion period, despite changes in patient characteristics and treatment. Advanced age increased the risk of adverse events, but survivors of the early phase after PCI had a slightly improved prognosis compared with the general population.
|
|
| 20. |
|
|
