| 11. |
|
|
| 12. |
|
|
| 13. |
- Hansen, Anna, 1975-
(författare)
-
Ordnade hushåll : Genus och kontroll i Jämtland under 1600-talet
- 2006
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this study is to investigate how households acted in order to create and uphold different norms, and the effect these norms had on the construction of gender. Throughout the thesis it is argued that control was an important way to enforce certain norms, and thus make daily life work. In this context control means to have the right knowledge and to act in the right way. If you had knowledge about the norms, you could act in accordance with them, and you could also draw attention to those who did not act as they were supposed to. The main focus is on the master and the mistress of the house, who were the key figures within the household. The investigated area is Jamtland, with some examples from surrounding areas.The control executed and displayed by different people concerned formal norms, such as legislation, semi-formal norms, such as certain religious texts, and informal norms and practices in the local community. The household’s ability to control these norms is analysed in connection to three main areas: control over resources, such as property and labour, control over the household, which often meant ability to obtain knowledge of what was going on, and finally, self-control. Furthermore this investigation deals with those exposed to control, how they reacted and at times tried to evade the control carried out by others.According to the theory of Tomas Laqueur, the similarities between men and women were strongly emphasised during the 17th century. This thesis shows that the power or authority of men and women was equal in many areas, but it differed in others. The small differences in the capacity of men and women to run the household, were important in the creation of gender.
|
|
| 14. |
- Jood, Katarina, 1966, et al.
(författare)
-
Fibrinolytic gene polymorphism and ischemic stroke
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Stroke. - 0039-2499 .- 1524-4628. ; 36:10, s. 2077-81
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) -7351C>T and the plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) -675 4G>5G polymorphisms influence transcriptional activity. Both variants have been associated with myocardial infarction, with increased risk for the T and 4G allele, respectively. In this study we investigated the possible association between these polymorphisms, the respective plasma protein levels, and ischemic stroke. METHODS: In the Sahlgrenska Academy Study on Ischemic Stroke (SAHLSIS), 600 patients with acute ischemic stroke aged 18 to 69 years and 600 matched community controls were recruited. Stroke subtype was determined using Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Treatment criteria. RESULTS: There were no associations between individual genetic variants and ischemic stroke. The multivariate-adjusted odds ratio for overall ischemic stroke was 1.11 (95% CI 0.87 to 1.43) for tPA T allele carriers, and 0.84 (95% CI, 0.64 to 1.11) for subjects homozygous for the PAI-1 4G allele. When genotypes were combined, a protective effect for the tPA CC/PAI-1 4G4G genotype combination was observed (odds ratio 0.65, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.98; P<0.05). Plasma levels of tPA and PAI-1 antigen at follow-up were independently associated with overall ischemic stroke. tPA-antigen differed by stroke subtype and was highest among those with large-vessel disease and cardioembolic stroke. CONCLUSIONS: Neither the tPA -7351C>T nor the PAI-1 to 675 4G>5G polymorphism showed significant association with ischemic stroke. For the tPA CC/PAI-1 4G4G genotype combination, a protective effect was observed. Collectively, these results are consistent with a more complex role for tPA and PAI-1 in the brain as compared with the heart.
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
| 16. |
- Mårtensson, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
-
Deletion of the G protein-coupled receptor 30 impairs glucose tolerance, reduces bone growth, increases blood pressure, and eliminates estradiol-stimulated insulin release in female mice.
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Endocrinology. - : The Endocrine Society. - 1945-7170 .- 0013-7227. ; 150:2, s. 687-98
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In vitro studies suggest that the G protein-coupled receptor (GPR) 30 is a functional estrogen receptor. However, the physiological role of GPR30 in vivo is unknown, and it remains to be determined whether GPR30 is an estrogen receptor also in vivo. To this end, we studied the effects of disrupting the GPR30 gene in female and male mice. Female GPR30((-/-)) mice had hyperglycemia and impaired glucose tolerance, reduced body growth, increased blood pressure, and reduced serum IGF-I levels. The reduced growth correlated with a proportional decrease in skeletal development. The elevated blood pressure was associated with an increased vascular resistance manifested as an increased media to lumen ratio of the resistance arteries. The hyperglycemia and impaired glucose tolerance in vivo were associated with decreased insulin expression and release in vivo and in vitro in isolated pancreatic islets. GPR30 is expressed in islets, and GPR30 deletion abolished estradiol-stimulated insulin release both in vivo in ovariectomized adult mice and in vitro in isolated islets. Our findings show that GPR30 is important for several metabolic functions in female mice, including estradiol-stimulated insulin release.
|
|
| 17. |
- Scimemi, Annalisa, et al.
(författare)
-
Tonic GABA(A) receptor-mediated currents in human brain.
- 2006
-
Ingår i: The European journal of neuroscience. - : Wiley. - 0953-816X .- 1460-9568. ; 24:4, s. 1157-60
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- GABA(A) receptors can mediate both phasic (synaptic) and tonic (extrasynaptic) forms of inhibition. It has been proposed that tonic inhibition plays a critical part in controlling neuronal and network excitability. Although tonic GABA(A) receptor-mediated currents have been well characterized in rodents, their existence in human tissue has yet to be demonstrated. Here we show that tonic currents can be recorded from human tissue obtained from patients undergoing temporal lobectomies. Tonic GABA(A) receptor-mediated currents were present in pyramidal cells and interneurons in layer V-VI of temporal neocortex and granule cells in the dentate gyrus. These tonic currents have cell type-specific pharmacologies, opening up the possibility of targeted therapeutics.
|
|
| 18. |
- Wikman, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Achieving directed immunostimulating complex incorporation
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Expert Review of Vaccines. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1476-0584 .- 1744-8395. ; 5:3, s. 395-403
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years, several studies have been reported with the common aim of generating general expression systems for straightforward production and subsequent coupling of expressed antigens to an adjuvant system. Here, we describe a series of such efforts with a common theme of using gene fusion technology for association of recombinant antigens to immunostimulating complexes (iscoms). In the early stages of vaccine development, uniform antigen preparations are crucial to allow the comparison of immune responses to different antigens, or even subdomains thereof, and we believe that the described systems constitute an important development in this context.
|
|
