| 11. |
- Andersson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
-
Low symptomatic load in Crohn's disease with surgery and medicine as complementary treatments
- 1998
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0036-5521 .- 1502-7708. ; 33:4, s. 423-429
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The treatment of Crohn's disease has changed owing to the recognition of its chronicity. Medical maintenance treatment and limited resections have evolved as major concepts of management, regarded as complementary, and both aim at reducing the symptoms.Methods: We investigated the symptomatic load in Crohn's disease as reflected in a cross-sectional study of the symptom index, physicians' assessment, and the patients' perception of health. A cohort of 212 patients from the primary catchment area and 125 referred patients were studied.Results: Of catchment area patients, 83% were receiving medication, and the annual rate of abdominal surgery was 5.7%. Corresponding figures for the referred patients were 82% and 10.3%. According to the symptom index, 87% of catchment area patients were in remission or had only mild symptoms; according to the physicians' assessment, 90% were. The patients' median perception of health was 90% of perfect health according to the visual analogue scale. The figures were similar for referred patients, except that referrals were considered more diseased by the physician.Conclusion: The great majority of patients with Crohn's disease are able to live in remission or experience only mild symptoms.
|
|
| 12. |
|
|
| 13. |
- Andersson, Sven, et al.
(författare)
-
CGRP(8-37) and CGRP(32-37) contract the iris sphincter in the rabbit eye: antagonism by spantide and GR82334
- 1993
-
Ingår i: Regulatory Peptides. - 1873-1686. ; 49:1, s. 73-80
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effects of intracameral injections of CGRP(8-37) and CGRP(32-37) on pupil diameter and blood-aqueous barrier have been investigated in rabbits. The rabbits, which were pretreated with indomethacin and a muscarinic antagonist (biperiden), responded with miosis to both CGRP fragments. CGRP(8-37) was much more potent than CGRP(32-37) but one order of magnitude less potent than substance P. Nerve blockade with tetrodotoxin did not affect the response, indicating a direct effect on the iris sphincter muscle. Pre-treatment with the unselective tachykinin receptor antagonist spantide or the NK1 receptor selective antagonist GR82334 caused a rightward shift of the dose-response curves for both fragments, while the CCK receptor antagonist loxiglumide had no inhibitory effect. Neither of the fragments induced any marked leakage of Evans blue into the aqueous humor indicating that there was no agonistic interaction with CGRP receptors in the eye. We conclude that CGRP(8-37) and CGRP(32-37) are miotic agents in the rabbit eye, possibly by acting as neurokinin receptor agonists.
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
| 16. |
|
|
| 17. |
- Andersson, Sven
(författare)
-
Glibenclamide and L-NG-nitro-arginine methyl ester modulate the ocular and hypotensive effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide
- 1992
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Pharmacology. - 1879-0712. ; 224:1, s. 89-91
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) given i.v. to rabbits induced hypotension and a breakdown of the blood-aqueous barrier. Glibenclamide, a blocker of ATP-sensitive K+ (K+ATP) channels antagonized both these effects. The K+ATP channel opener diazoxide reduced blood pressure but did not damage the blood-aqueous barrier. Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase antagonized the effects of CGRP on the blood-aqueous barrier but did not attenuate the hypotensive response. The results suggest that vasodilatation induced by the opening of K+ATP channels is a prerequisite for the effect of CGRP on the blood-aqueous barrier.
|
|
| 18. |
- Andersson, Sven Ingvar
(författare)
-
"Den autentiska illusionen" : gamla trädgårdar - restaureringsprinciper
- 1990
-
Ingår i: Kulturmiljövård. - Stockholm : Riksantikvarieämbetet. - 1100-4800. ; :4-5, s. 4-10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Trädgården är en plats där det är behagligt att uppehålla sig, ett ställe som är i samklang med naturen. Man skall inte arbeta med gamla trädgårdar utan att fråga vad de har på hjärtat. Teatern och trädgården har en sak gemensamt: de är en flykt från verkligheten och samtidigt ett koncentrat av den. Båda bygger på en illusion, men illusionen måste vara autentisk: vi skall kunna tro på den även om vi vet att vi blir lurade.
|
|
| 19. |
- Andersson, Sven, 1968
(författare)
-
Network Disruption and Turbulence in Fibre Suspensions
- 1998
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The production of paper pulp involves the handling of large quantities of fibre suspensions. Today's call for energy efficiency and environmentally sound processes has led to the development of MC (Medium Consistency) technology. Most unit operations in the pulp industry are now routinely performed at concentrations higher than 10 %, at which fibre suspensions behave as solids at low shear rates. If the shear rate is sufficiently high, however, the behaviour of MC suspensions resembles that of pure water. This thesis deals with the network strength (or yield stress) of fibre suspensions, which is a suspension property that may be related to the flow transitions of fibre suspensions. The main cause of network strength is the frictional force in the contact points between single fibres. A novel measurement method was developed to measure the inter-fibre friction of single pulp fibres. The coefficient of friction was found to be around 0.6 for dry kraft fibres and range between 0.6-0.8 for wet kraft fibres. A mechanistic model has been developed for predicting the network strength of homogeneous suspensions. It gives fair agreement with experimental yield stress data for homogeneous suspensions; the experimental values for flocculated suspensions were lower. The turbulent flow of pulp fibre suspensions at Medium Consistency has been subject to much speculation due to the absence of direct measurements. A rotary shear-tester, resembling an industrial mixer, was designed and constructed to permit direct velocity measurements using Laser Doppler Anemometry (LDA). The fibre concentrations were up to 20 wt % using a refractive index matched glass fibre suspension. Both mean and fluctuating velocities were found to be close to those of single-phase flow at flows above a critical rotational speed. At lower rotational speeds, the turbulence was strongly suppressed, whereas the mean velocities were close to those of fully developed turbulent flow. The single-phase flow was compared to single-phase CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) calculations using the sliding-grid technique. The flow field was predicted well by using the standard k-epsilon turbulence model, but the absolute values were 25 % too low. Boundary-layer measurements, including the viscous sub-layer, were performed as well. Linear velocity profiles were obtained close to the wall for both the single-phase and the tested suspensions. Further from the wall, flatter velocity profiles were obtained in the fibre suspensions than for single-phase flow.
|
|
| 20. |
- Andersson, Sven-Olof, 1943-
(författare)
-
Time and general practice consultations : aspects of length, attendance and quality
- 1995
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The consultation is the GP’s form of work. How long a consultation should be, and what short/long consultations imply with regard to the satisfaction of patient and doctor has been much debated. The aim of this thesis was to study consultations with regard to content and time consumption in a short term and long term perspective. Three studies were carried out.1. Consultations with the members of a group of GPs were investigated, where patients and doctors separately assessed different aspects of the consultation, and their ratings were related to the real length of the consultations. The following questions were posed: Was there time enough? Could the patient tell the doctor about her/his problems? Were the problems physical or psychological? 2. Nurses at the primary care health centres were interviewed about their considerations in booking short or long appointments for the patients. 3. Patients who frequently attended one health centre during one year and consumed much time were studied. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used.The results of the first study (Papers I-III) show that the average length of the consultations was 21 minutes; there was considerable variation (ranging from 3 to 60 minutes). (About 600 consultations with 7 male doctors were registered in two batches). The doctors’ mean consultation length also varied widely, from 13-28 minutes. Consultations dealing with psychological problems were longer than those dealing with physical problems. Older patients had longer consultations than younger patients, and female patients had somewhat longer consultations than male patients. The patients were generally more satisfied with the consultations than the doctors were, and there were no clear affinities between long consultations and high satisfaction. Male patients and patients with physical problems mainly received short consultations, whereas patients with ”mixed" problems and older patients received long consultations.The single factors most decisive for the length of a consultation were ‘the doctor factor’, the character of the problem and the age of the patient. "Good” consultations (operational definition) were associated primarily with ‘the doctor factor’, and the real length of the consultations was less important.The interviews with ten experienced primary care nurses (Paper IV) showed that the nurses worked in two perspectives: in the ”immediate” perspective, appointments were booked according to rules which directly impacted the length of the visit, and in the "reflective" perspective, appointments were booked with a view to the quality of the work at the health centre and the long-term time consumption. Other factors of importance were the patient’s age and problem(s), the doctor’s experience and working style, and the current situation at the health centre.Frequent attenders (FAs) at one health centre (Paper V) were compared with a contrast group of matched patients (CPs). The FAs represented 1.7% of the population of the catchment area and made 15% of the visits. The FAs were a heterogeneous group where small boys, women of working age and pensioners of both sexes were overrepresented. The FAs had higher consultation frequency than the CPs during the year of investigation, but few remained FAs for longer periods. The FAs had more problems and more complex problems than the CPs. Complaints regarding the musculo-skeletal organs, and psychosocial problems were common among these patients, often in combination.The present work thus shows that longer consultations do not naturally imply higher patient satisfaction. Other factors than the time factor, in particular ‘the doctor factor’ seem to be more important. ‘The doctor factor’, the characteristics of the patients, the type of problem and the situation at the health centre also have a bearing on consultation length and time consumption in a short-term as well as long-term perspective. The implications of these factors and their relative importance are discussed, but further studies of certain issues, such as ‘the doctor factor’, are necessary.
|
|
