| 11. |
- Berglund, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Tracking productivity patterns in an engineering design project
- 2013
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Conference on Engineering Design, ICED. - : The Design Society. - 9781904670513 ; , s. 125-134
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper aims to analyze if self-evaluation of perceived productivity could help detect alarming patterns in time and stop projects from failing. The study is based on descriptive quantitative data that has been gathered continuously throughout a student engineering design project, highlighting three factors of influence; perceived productivity, perception of stage completion and work activity distribution. The productivity data was analyzed by detecting patterns in form of peaks or lows and combining the patterns with qualitative data from observations and documented work activities. Measurements were done on 33 occasions during the project where 280 individual answers for productivity (P) and completion (C) and 115 individual answers for work activity distribution were collected. The findings provide extraction of peak values and low values that enable tracking of critical incidents. Through an in-depth activity back-log each value was enriched with an understanding of what took place and its project consequences. Over time the recognized pattern helped the design team to become more proactive in activity precision and execution, resource allocation and process reflections.
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| 12. |
- Berglund, Anders, 1974-
(författare)
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Two facets of Innovation in Engineering Education : The interplay of Student Learning and Curricula Design
- 2013
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis covers two main perspectives ofinnovation; first, innovation is regarded as an outcome-related mechanism wherelearning is expressed through artefact presentations at the end of adevelopment process; second, innovation comprises a change mechanism in theprocess of student learning, influencing educators to reconsider new methods andpractices. Building on qualitative data from engineering design courses, theaim has been to explore how learning elements in engineering educationinfluence students during early-phase innovation. By implementing andpracticing learning elements, early-phase innovation could strengthen both currentand future engineering curricula, courses, and programmes.This thesis put attention to authentic experiences in which learning elementsis acted upon by students and targeted, defined, and refined by educators.Introducing learning elements need educators to manifest learning efforts moreexplicitly to match students’ capability to interpret new knowledge. Adoptinglearning elements that challenge existing paths of action are characterized by diversity, proactivity, opennessand motivation. For students to excel in the exploration of early-phaseinnovation, it is important to identify when, how and to what extent leaningelements can be reinforced. Thestrengthened understanding by students is mirrored in improved ability to takeaction and apply relevant knowledge in distinct learning situations. Theopportunity to influence student learning provides the design and redesign of curricula,courses and programmes as a prime feature to leaning elements relevant to early-phaseinnovation. To successfully pursue innovation in engineering education abalance is necessary between responsible actors integrating learning elementsand by those determined to learn.
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| 13. |
- Berglund, Henrik, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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CBIs studie om innovationsledning
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- CBI har under andra halvåret 2010 och första halvåret 2011 genomfört en studie av innovationsledning hos 38 utvalda svenska företag inom tillverkning, IT och Telekom. Syftet var att undersöka hur företagen leder och organiserar innovation samt vilka utmaningar de står inför. Frågorna har besvarats av antingen VD eller en medlem i ledningsgruppen med insyn i företagets hantering av innovation.Resultatet visar att -de flesta företagen inte skiljer på radikal och inkrementell innovation-i många företag används ordet innovation för all produkt- och tjänsteutveckling-de flesta företag ser en ökning av innovationstakten inom sin respektive bransch-de flesta företag uttrycker att innovation är viktigt, samtidigt som få företag har innovationsfrågor bland sina tre största utmaningar-hälften av företagen använder någon form av rutin för att stärka sin förmåga att skapa nya produkter och tjänster, men endast ett fåtal använder flera olika rutiner-förstainnovationsföretagen (mindre, relativt nystartade företag) skiljer sig från de övriga i det att de är starkt innovationscentrerade-många företag välkomnar stöd från akademin, men endast ett fåtal önskar stöd att öka sin innovationsförmågaCBIs samtliga seniora forskare har genomfört intervjuerna.
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| 14. |
- Berglund, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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The Popular Struggle against Coca-Cola in Plachimada, Kerala
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Developing Societies. - New Delhi : SAGE Publications India. - 0169-796X .- 1745-2546. ; 31:2, s. 281-303
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article is a case study of the campaign against the Coca-Cola Company in Plachimada, Kerala, India, which was a reaction against alleged environmental damages and water depletion caused by the company's production of soft drinks. It addresses the following questions: How was civil society used as a platform for this struggle and what was the outcome? Did this campaign affect the political participation of its members? The study is based on interviews and surveys of the villagers in Plachimada and connects to theories on social movements and political participation, as well as to the debate on Indian civil society. The findings presented show the importance of having a local, core group in charge of the campaign, while simultaneously making use of existing support groups at the regional, national, and international levels. It also reveals that after reaching its goal, the campaign has resulted in a general increase of political participation amongst its members.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Berglund, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Diagnostic accuracy and safety of short-term teledermoscopic monitoring of atypical melanocytic lesions
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. - : Wiley. - 0926-9959 .- 1468-3083. ; 34:6, s. 1233-1239
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Short-term dermoscopic monitoring (STDM) of atypical melanocytic lesions (AML) after 3.0–4.5months can be used to detect featureless melanomas without performing countless unnecessary excisions of nevi. Recently, short-term teledermoscopic monitoring (STTM) was incorporated into the STDM clinical routine at Sahlgrenska University Hospital in Gothenburg, Sweden. Follow-up images for STTM were taken by an assistant nurse with subsequent teledermoscopic assessment by a dermatologist. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and safety of STTM. Methods: In this retrospective observational study, data from electronic health records of patients with teledermoscopically monitored AMLs were explored. The number of changed and excised AMLs and their histopathological diagnoses were recorded. The excised AMLs were categorized into three subgroups according to when they changed and were excised: (i) following STTM, (ii) after planned long-term follow-up or (iii) after unplanned long-term follow-up. Results: A total of 686 patients with 883 AMLs were monitored with STTM. Sixty-two AMLs (7.0%) were excised following STTM, 14 (1.6%) after planned long-term follow-up and 10 (1,1%) after unplanned long-term follow-up. Twenty-one melanomas were detected using STTM, three after planned long-term follow-up and three after unplanned long-term follow-up. All melanomas were insitu (n=20) or thin and non-ulcerated (n=7; median Breslow thickness 0.4mm, range 0.3–0.8mm). The sensitivity for the diagnosis of melanoma by means of STTM with the option of additional planned follow-up was 88.9%, and the specificity was 93.9%. The number of AMLs needed to monitor in order to detect one melanoma with the STTM routine was 32.7, and the number needed to excise was 3.2. Conclusions: STTM of AMLs was safe and allowed for high diagnostic accuracy. All detected melanomas were insitu or thin and non-ulcerated. Furthermore, a considerable number of unnecessary excisions were spared. © 2019 European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology
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| 17. |
- Berglund, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Expansion of Gammadelta T Cells from Cord Blood : A Therapeutical Possibility
- 2018
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Ingår i: STEM CELLS INTERNATIONAL. - : HINDAWI LTD. - 1687-966X .- 1687-9678.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gammadelta (gamma delta) T cells are found in both blood and tissues and have antiviral and antitumor properties. The frequency of gamma delta T cells in umbilical cord blood (UCB) is low, and the majority express delta 1, in contrast to blood, whereas the main subset is delta 2 gamma 9 T cells. UCB gamma delta T cells are functionally immature, which together with their scarcity complicates the development of UCB gamma delta T cell therapies. We aimed to develop an effective expansion protocol for UCB gamma delta T cells based on zoledronate and IL-2. We found that culture with 5 mu M zoledronate and 200 IU IL-2/ml medium for 14 days promoted extensive proliferation. The majority of the cultured cells were gamma 9 delta 2 T cells. The fold expansion of this, originally infrequent, subset was impressive (median and maximum fold change 253 and 1085, resp.). After culture, the cells had a polyclonal gamma delta T cell repertoire and the main memory subset was central memory (CD45RO(+) CD27(+)). The cells produced cytokines such as IL-1B, IL-2, and IL-8 and displayed significant tumor-killing capacity. These results show that development of in vitro expanded UCB gamma delta T cell therapies is feasible. It could prove a valuable treatment modality for patients after umbilical cord blood transplantation.
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| 18. |
- Berglund, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Granulocyte transfusions could benefit patients with severe oral mucositis after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
- 2019
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Ingår i: Vox Sanguinis. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0042-9007 .- 1423-0410. ; 114:7, s. 769-777
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and objectives Mucositis is a common complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), and is caused by a combination of conditioning-induced mucosal damage and severe neutropenia. The symptoms include oral and abdominal pain, inability to swallow food and fluids, and severe diarrhoea. Severe mucositis is associated with increased risk of Graft-versus-Host disease and infection. Granulocyte transfusions (GCX) could be a treatment option, and our objective was to study its feasibility and potential benefits. Material and methods This retrospective, single-centre study included 30 patients receiving GCX because of severe oral mucositis after HSCT during 2005-2017. Clinical outcome, response to GCX, change in opiate administration and adverse events were studied. Results Twenty-seven patients received GCX from donors pre-treated with steroids and G-CSF, and three from donors pre-treated with steroids only. Overall response was 83% (24/29 evaluable patients). Fifteen patients reached a complete response. In 14 of 24 responders, a reduction of the administration of opiate pain relief was seen. In eight patients this reduction was >= 50% of the dose. Adverse events (AEs) were reported in 14 cases, and were mild to moderate, and well manageable with symptomatic treatment. No life-threatening or fatal AEs were recorded. Conclusions These results indicate that GCX could be a safe and effective treatment for oral mucositis after HSCT with the potential to reduce the necessity of opiate analgesic treatment in this disorder. No severe AEs were seen in this study, but the risk for severe pulmonary AEs after GCX needs to be considered.
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| 19. |
- Berglund, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Incomplete Excisions of Melanocytic Lesions: Rates and Risk Factors.
- 2021
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Ingår i: Acta dermato-venereologica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1651-2057. ; 101:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Incomplete excisions of melanocytic lesions occur despite the intention of complete removal. The aim of this study was to determine the incomplete excision rates for benign and malignant melanocytic lesions and the associated risk factors. Demographic, clinical, and histo-pathological data possibly associated with incomplete excision were collected from 2,782 consecutive excisions between 2014 and 2015. Of these, 269 melanocytic lesions (9.7%) were incompletely excised. Multivariate analysis revealed the following risk factors for significantly higher incomplete excision rates: lesions located in the head and neck area (odds ratio (OR) 3.95, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 2.35-6.65), surgery performed by general practitioners (OR 3.01, 95% CI 2.16-4.19), the use of a punch excision technique (OR 2.83, 95% CI 1.96-4.08), and excision of non-dysplastic naevi (OR 1.58, 95% CI 1.11-2.23). In conclusion, more caution should be taken when excising melanocytic lesions in the head and neck area, general practitioners require more surgical training, and punch excisions of melanocytic lesions should be avoided.
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| 20. |
- Berglund, Sofia
(författare)
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Umbilical cord blood transplantation : clinical outcome, chimerism development, and in vitro expansion of T-cells for clinical use
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is an alternative graft source in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The unique advantages with UCB as a stem cell source are found in the permissibility for human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-mismatch, rapid availability, and comparatively risk-free graft collection. Important drawbacks to UCBT are delayed engraftment, poor immune reconstitution and the lack of donor cells for post-transplant therapy. In this thesis we aimed to: 1) evaluate clinical outcome and chimerism development after UCBT, and 2) develop treatment alternatives to donor lymphocyte infusions (DLI) for UCBT recipients. In scientific paper I, we performed a retrospective single-center analysis of chimerism development and clinical outcome in 50 single and double UCBTs (DCBTs) in children and adults with hematological malignancies and non-malignant diseases. Complete donor chimerism was found to be associated with total body irradiation. A negative correlation was seen between 5-year survival and age, acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) grades III-IV, and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) treatment. In scientific paper II, we focused on chimerism development in seven patients undergoing DCBT. Two patients developed longterm mixed donor–donor chimerism (MDC) in all cell lineages, at 25 and 35 months after DCBT. The work in scientific paper III was performed to study the immunological phenotype and function of these patients with MDC. We found that there were differences between the engrafted units: one unit had more naïve, less functional T-cells and more NKcells. When the patients with MDC were compared with patients with single UCB unit chimerism, they had a more naïve T-cell profile. The results also indicated that inter-unit matching of the HLA-C genes and high-dose anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) might influence MDC development after DCBT. We have expanded T-cells from clinical cord blood grafts with anti-CD3+/CD28+ beads and interleukin (IL)-2 for possible use as alternative DLI. In scientific paper IV we studied the effect of adding IL-7, and found that it conferred a greater proliferation rate, higher CD4+/CD8+ ratio, and less central memory T-cells. We also noticed a higher percentage of polyfunctional T-cells with IL-7. The cultured UCB DLI has been used clinically in four patients with mixed chimerism (MC), minimal residual disease (MRD) and graft failure without certain adverse effects. The results were presented in scientific paper V. In the patient treated due to MRD, the malignant cell clone was undetectable at treatment and for 3 months after infusion. In one patient with MC, the percentage of recipient cells decreased in temporal association to the treatment. These events indicate possible treatment benefits, but without certain causal association to UCB DLI treatment. In summary, we found that MSC treatment was negatively correlated to survival in our UCBT recipients. High-dose ATG and HLA-C match might predispose for MDC. Cultured UCB DLI products are feasible to produce, and have been used in patients with no certain adverse effects, but with possible benefits.
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