| 11. |
- Azerkan, Leila, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of oxyntic glands isolated from the rat gastric mucosa
- 2001
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Ingår i: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A. - 1095-6433 .- 1531-4332. ; 128:2, s. 349-357
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A simple and reproducible method for isolating oxyntic glands from the rat gastric mucosa was developed. The mucosa was incubated with pronase and EGTA, and then treated mechanically to release glands that were separated from single cells by sedimentation. Parietal cells were identified by immunostaining using a monoclonal antibody against H,K-ATPase. The glandular cells appeared morphologically intact. By careful control of the conditions of gland isolation, long glandular structures comprising hundreds of cells surrounding the lumen were obtained. Intraperitoneal injection of Br-deoxyuridine in the rat 1.5 h before the isolation procedure resulted in glands with a labeling of cells in their neck region. The glands were viable, as demonstrated by their ability to respond to various hormones. Histamine dose-dependently stimulated the acid formation which was measured as the accumulation of [14C]aminopyrine. At 100 microM histamine the accumulation was increased 5-10-fold. At 100 nM, pentagastrin potentiated the histamine stimulated accumulation by approximately 40% but pentagastrin alone did not stimulate. The oxyntic glands obtained by the present procedure appear useful for studies on cell physiology, including regulation of acid secretion, cellular interactions, and possibly also differentiation and proliferation mechanisms since long glandular fragments that contained the proliferative zone could be isolated.
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| 12. |
- Baker, Brett J., et al.
(författare)
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Genomic inference of the metabolism of cosmopolitan subsurface Archaea, Hadesarchaea
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nature Microbiology. - 2058-5276. ; 1:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The subsurface biosphere is largely unexplored and contains a broad diversity of uncultured microbes(1). Despite being one of the few prokaryotic lineages that is cosmopolitan in both the terrestrial and marine subsurface(2-4), the physiological and ecological roles of SAGMEG (South-African Gold Mine Miscellaneous Euryarchaeal Group) Archaea are unknown. Here, we report the metabolic capabilities of this enigmatic group as inferred from genomic reconstructions. Four high-quality (63-90% complete) genomes were obtained from White Oak River estuary and Yellowstone National Park hot spring sediment metagenomes. Phylogenomic analyses place SAGMEG Archaea as a deeply rooting sister clade of the Thermococci, leading us to propose the name Hadesarchaea for this new Archaeal class. With an estimated genome size of around 1.5 Mbp, the genomes of Hadesarchaea are distinctly streamlined, yet metabolically versatile. They share several physiological mechanisms with strict anaerobic Euryarchaeota. Several metabolic characteristics make them successful in the subsurface, including genes involved in CO and H-2 oxidation (or H-2 production), with potential coupling to nitrite reduction to ammonia (DNRA). This first glimpse into the metabolic capabilities of these cosmopolitan Archaea suggests they are mediating key geochemical processes and are specialized for survival in the subsurface biosphere.
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| 13. |
- van Amerongen, Cynthia C.A., et al.
(författare)
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Skin exposure to scented products used in daily life and fragrance contact allergy in the European general population - The EDEN Fragrance Study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Contact Dermatitis. - : Wiley. - 0105-1873 .- 1600-0536. ; 84:6, s. 385-394
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Fragrances are widely used in scented products used in daily life with the potential to induce skin sensitization. Objective: To evaluate exposure to scented products and to explore associations between exposure and fragrance contact allergy. Methods: A cross-sectional study on individuals from 18 to 74 years of age, who were randomly selected from the general population in five European countries. A random sample (N = 3119) was patch tested and interviewed on exposure to scented products. Results: Female participants were strongly associated with exposure to scented products relative to male participants. Participants age 40 years and older showed an inverse association with exposure to scented products. Compared to Sweden, The Netherlands followed by Germany showed the highest overall exposure to scented products. Sensitive skin was associated with exposure to scented products and with fragrance allergy. In univariable regression analysis, exposure to leave-on products and to specific scented product subgroups was significantly associated with fragrance allergy. Conclusion: Exposure to scented products depends primarily on sex and age. Female sex and sensitive skin are relevant indicators for developing fragrance allergy. Because aggregate exposure, especially to scented leave-on products, may enhance the prevalence of contact allergy to fragrances, further investigations into exposure amounts and frequencies is warranted.
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| 14. |
- Houra-Yaou, Ladonne, et al.
(författare)
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Production of meson pairs, involving tensor and pseudotensor mesons, in photon-photon collisions
- 1997
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Ingår i: Zeitschrift für Physik C Particles and Fields. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0170-9739 .- 1431-5858. ; 76:3, s. 537-547
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Starting from a bound-state model of weakly bound quarks for (q [`(q)]) mesons, we derive a formalism for computing the production or decay of such mesons, whatever the value of their internal orbital angular momentum L. That approach appears as a natural generalization of the Brodsky-Lepage formalism (valid only for L=0) that has been widely used in recent years for the computation of exclusive processes in perturbative QCD . We here apply it to the production, in photon-photon collisions, of: i) tensor-meson pairs; ii) pseudotensor-meson pairs; iii) hybrid pairs made of a pion and a pseudotensor meson. The numerical results we obtain allow for some hope of experimentally identifying such pairs, in the charged channels, at high-energy e+e- colliders of the next generation, provided integrated luminosities as high as » 1040 cm-2 can be reached.
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| 15. |
- Luiking, Marie-Louise, et al.
(författare)
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The Dividends of Collaboration: An STTI European Research Taskforce Experience
- 2017
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Ingår i: 44th Biennial Convention 2017: Influence Through Action: Advancing Global Health, Nursing, and Midwifery. Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Collaboration is often perceived as a compromising endeavour. However fostering a common vision, outcome/goal and building a trusting relationship can lay the foundation for partnerships that can lead to remarkable achievement. Collaboration between nurses is a key ingredient to quality, safety and cost efficient and effective care within health care and nursing research. The Sigma Theta Tau International (STTI) European regional committee aims to raise awareness and promote fruitful collaboration between nursing scholars in Europa as well as to expand STTI critical mass across Europe. The committee, which is made up of the European chapter presidents drafted and adopted a policy document including a strategy plan for further developing and promoting STTI across Europe. One of the key long-term goals of the STTI European Policy document revised in 2014, is to conduct a collaborative research project by 2020 (STTI European 2014). A short-term goal is a publication based on a review of literature. The intended rational is to address common issues in education, clinical practice or patient safety in a European research collaboration and to realise teamwork among STTI scholars. This paper outlines an ongoing project across Europe to produce relevant literature for a publication on migrant patients’ experiences of healthcare. Health care is a basic human right for all people, the World Health Care organisation (WHO) Constitution enshrines “…the highest attainable standard of health as a fundamental right of every human being.” (WHO 2015)Vulnerable and marginalized groups in societies for example migrants tend to bear an undue proportion of health problems. Access to health care is considered a determinant of health inequalities. The term "migrant" is defined in the Oxford English Dictionary as "one who moves, either temporarily or permanently, from one place, area or country of residence to another" (Oxford diction). The topic was selected because Europe has seen mass migration of people fleeing war torn Middle East countries to live in Europe. This topic was highly relevant to all members, as more than a million migrants and refugees crossed into Europe in 2015. This mass migration led to crises, as countries struggled to cope with the influx and created division in the European Union (EU) over how best to deal with resettling people. Tensions in the EU have been rising because of the disproportionate burden faced by some countries. The STTI group agreed that with increasing numbers of people on the move, healthcare of migrants has become a key global public-health issue. The sheer scale of human displacement has turned migrant health into a priority for the European public-health agenda. Aim: To share the experience of setting up a successful scholarly collaboration among European nurses, the Research Task Force will (1) report and discuss lessons learned about international collaboration and global partnerships and (2) show the steps taken by the European research collaboration on disseminating the nursing care knowledge gained by writing a review article. Method: Under the lead of the European STTI Research co-ordinator in Sweden, individual STTI members from the Netherlands, Sweden and United Kingdom formed a taskforce group. This taskforce group decided upon the topic of the review, the method of communications and division of work. Results: Several Skype meetings were held to come to the right topic for the international taskforce. The criteria for the topic were: high relevance to all participating (and other) European countries, having high priority in the European public-health agenda. It was decided to centre the review on migrants’ experiences of using health care services. The mass migration from the middle east and Africa to the EU, not only created the problem of providing healthcare on a vast scale but also the problem that new arrivals had different ideas and expectations of the healthcare systems and also experienced specific problems in accessing the healthcare systems. Within the concept of experiences we intend to explore the sub themes quality of life and satisfaction with the health care that migrants are receiving. In further virtual meetings keywords for the search in the literature databases were discussed and decided upon. The participants from the different countries all searched one or more literature databases. The database assignment to the participant in the different countries was primarily based on the accessibility of certain databases by the different participants. The final articles for the review were selected after further discussions among the international participants about the exact content of these articles. The participants from the different countries could often clarify unexpected findings in articles from their own or neighboring countries. The findings from the articles were collected in a spreadsheet. After individual analysis by the participants the results will be discussed. Multiple participants will write separate parts of the final article . Working together as an international, virtual group offered a number of valuable learning experiences, particularly because the individual members of the group had not necessarily met face to face before the collaboration. Barriers we encountered were related to scheduling the meetings and technical problems in using Skype as a medium to conduct the meetings. These required particular moderating skills and somewhat slowed down the process of the project. On the other hand, the international group members who committed to the collaboration also brought a wealth of expertise to the topic that enabled a fruitful and stimulating exchange, which will enrich our publication. Conclusion: The project has demonstrated the richness that comes with exploring a topic within a multinational group. It also highlighted that a successful collaboration in a virtual research group requires commitment and particular organizational and leadership skills. It was made possible by the communality of members being in the STTI European Research Taskforce. Although we have just reached the stage, after a year, of identifying the literature that will inform our publication, we have first-hand experience of the benefits of working together. We have all learned so much on the facilitators and barriers to working across countries and being heavily reliant upon Skype, but we feel that our publication will add to the body of knowledge on migrant patients’ experiences of healthcare because we have approached the topic in a truly European manner. The discussion will address the results of the review article on migrant experiences of Health Care. In addition, the discussion will outline the differences and similarities and address how this STTI European research collaboration group both nationally and internationally can use the results to build new partnerships, to improve communication and the quality of care in the work environment.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Sarmento, Hugo, et al.
(författare)
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Phytoplankton species-specific release of dissolved free amino acids and their selective consumption by bacteria
- 2013
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Ingår i: Limnology and Oceanography. - : Wiley. - 0024-3590 .- 1939-5590. ; 58:3, s. 1123-1135
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite representing only a small fraction of the ocean's dissolved organic matter pool, dissolved free amino acids (DFAA) have high turnover rates and are major nitrogen and carbon sources for bacterioplankton. Both phytoplankton and bacterioplankton assimilate and release DFAA, but their consumption and production are difficult to quantify in nature due to their short residence times (min) as dissolved monomers. We segregated DFAA production by phytoplankton and bacterial consumption by measuring individual DFAA concentrations in four axenic phytoplankton cultures during the exponential growth phase, and also after 4 d incubations in the presence of a natural bacterioplankton community. The amounts and composition of the DFAA pool varied widely among phytoplankton species. The proportion of dissolved organic carbon attributed to DFAA varied among cultures. The picoeukaryotic prasinophyte, Micromonas pusilla, released higher amounts of DFAA than the other species tested (diatoms and dinoflagellate), especially alanine, which has been reported as the dominant individual DFAA in some oligotrophic environments. Community structure of heterotrophic prokaryotes responded to differences in the quality of organic matter released among microalgal species, with Roseobacter-related bacteria responding strongly to exudate composition. Our results demonstrate the specificity of DFAA extracellular release among several algal species and their preferential uptake by members of bacterial communities.
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| 18. |
- Diaz, Lucia, et al.
(författare)
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Computational Prediction of Structure-Activity Relationships for the Binding of Aminocyclitols to beta-Glucocerebrosidase
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1549-9596 .- 1549-960X. ; 51:3, s. 601-611
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Glucocerebrosidase (GCase, acid beta-Glucosidase) hydrolyzes the sphingolipid glucosylceramide into glucose and ceramide. Mutations in this enzyme lead to a lipid metabolism disorder known as Gaucher disease. The design of competitive inhibitors of GCase is a promising field of research for the design of pharmacological chaperones as new therapeutic agents. Using a series of recently reported molecules with experimental binding affinities for GCase in the nanomolar to micromolar range, we here report an extensive theoretical analysis of their binding mode. On the basis of molecular docking, molecular dynamics, and binding free energy calculations using the linear interaction energy method (LIE), we provide details on the molecular interactions supporting ligand binding in the different families of compounds. The applicability of other computational approaches, such as the COMBINE methodology, is also investigated. The results show the robustness of the standard parametrization of the LIE method, which reproduces the experimental affinities with a mean unsigned error of 0.7 kcal/mol. Several structure activity relationships are established using the computational models here provided, including the identification of hot spot residues in the binding site. The models derived are envisaged as important tools in ligand-design programs for GCase inhibitors.
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| 19. |
- Jena, Ayesha, et al.
(författare)
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Chaos to Control : Human Assisted Scene Inspection
- 2023
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Ingår i: HRI 2023 - Companion of the ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction. - New York, NY, USA : ACM. - 2167-2148. - 9781450399708 ; , s. 491-494
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We are working towards a mixed reality-based human-robot collaboration interface using gaze and gesture as methods of communicating intent in a search and rescue scenario to optimize the operation. The lack of mature algorithms and control schemes for autonomous systems makes it still difficult for them to operate safely in high-risk environments. We are approaching the problem through symbiosis while utilizing humans' intuition of the environment and robots' capability to travel through unknown environments for optimal performance in a given time.
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| 20. |
- Lang, Annika, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Covariance structure of parabolic stochastic partial differential equations
- 2013
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Ingår i: Stochastic Partial Differential Equations: Analysis and Computations. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2194-0401 .- 2194-041X. ; 1:2, s. 351-364
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper parabolic random partial differential equations and parabolic stochastic partial differential equations driven by a Wiener process are considered. A deterministic, tensorized evolution equation for the second moment and the covariance of the solutions of the parabolic stochastic partial differential equations is derived. Well-posedness of a space–time weak variational formulation of this tensorized equation is established.
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