| 11. |
- Pahumunto, N., et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of Potential Probiotic Properties of Lactobacillus and Bacillus Strains Derived from Various Sources for Their Potential Use in Swine Feeding
- 2023
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Ingår i: Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1867-1306 .- 1867-1314. ; 15:3, s. 479-490
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Beneficial effects of probiotics are relevant to the various potential properties of individual strains, and they may also relate to the original sources of the probiotic strains. This study aimed to characterize the potential probiotic properties of the strains originating from various sources for probiotics use in swine feeding. A total of 9 potential probiotic strains, seven lactobacilli and 2 bacilli, were examined for antimicrobial production against swine pathogens, adhesion and anti-adhesion of potential probiotic strains to IPEC-J2 cells, aggregation ability, host defense peptide expression, and hemolytic assay. The results highlight that all strains derived from different sources could exhibit probiotic properties, although different abilities were observed. L. rhamnosus SD11 exhibited the highest inhibitory effect against all pathogens compared to other strains. Bacillus licheniformis KMP-9, B. subtilis KMP-N004, and L. fermentum SD7 gave the highest internalization and that related to high abilities of exclusion, competition, and displacement inhibition to pathogens. Such strains also gave a higher co-aggregation to all pathogens compared to other potential probiotic strains. L. rhamnosus GG, L. fermentum SD7, L. rhamnosus SD4, and B. subtilis KMP-N004 had significantly higher pBD-2 mRNA expression than other strains. None of potential probiotic strains showed hemolytic activity. In conclusion, the strains derived from either humans or animals possessed desirable probiotic properties including inhibition against porcine pathogens, adhesion capacity to porcine enterocytes, anti-adhesion pathogens to porcine enterocytes, and modulated innate immunity. Results indicate that these probiotic strains may be good candidates for use in swine feeding to reduce the risk of infection.
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| 12. |
- Pahumunto, N., et al.
(författare)
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Oral Lactobacillus strains reduce cytotoxicity and cytokine release from peripheral blood mononuclear cells exposed to Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans subtypes in vitro
- 2020
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Ingår i: BMC Microbiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2180. ; 20:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background This study evaluated the effect of oral lactobacilli on the cytotoxicity and cytokine release from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) when exposed toAggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitanssubtypes in vitro.The supernatants and cell wall extracts (CWEs) of eightA. actinomycetemcomitansstrains, representing different subtypes, and threeLactobacillusstrains were used. The PBMCs from six blood donors were exposed to supernatants and CWEs ofA. actinomycetemcomitansorLactobacillusstrains alone or combinations and untreated cells as control. The cytotoxicity was determined by trypan blue exclusion method and IL-1 beta secretion by ELISA. TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-8 secretions were measured using Bioplex Multiplex Immunoassay. Results Supernatants or CWEs from all bacterial strains showed cytotoxicity and IL-1 beta secretion and the subtypes ofA. actinomycetemcomitansshowed generally a significantly higher effect on PBMCs than that of theLactobacillusstrains. Two highly toxicA. actinomycetemcomitansstrains (JP2 and JP2-like) induced a higher response than all other strains. When combined,Lactobacillussignificantly reduced the toxicity and the IL-1 beta secretion induced byA. acinomycetemcomitans. The effect varied between the subtypes and the reduction was highest for the JP2 and JP2-like strains. TheLactobacillus paracaseistrain SD1 had a higher reducing effect than the otherLactobacillusstrains. This strain had a consistent reducing effect on all subtypes ofA. actinomycetemcomitanscytotoxicity, and release of IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-alpha from PBMCs of the blood donors. A strong and significant variation in cytokine release between the six blood donors was noticed. Conclusions Lactobacillusspp. andL. paracaseiSD1 in particular, showed a limited but statistically significant reducing interaction withA. actinomycetemcomitanstoxicity and release of cytokines in vitro.
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| 13. |
- Piwat, S., et al.
(författare)
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Periodontal diseases in Thai schoolchildren. Clinical and microbiological observations
- 2023
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Ingår i: Odontology. - 1618-1247.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The prevalence of periodontitis among Thai schoolchildren is unknown. In a cross-sectional study, the prevalence and severity of periodontal diseases, in a group of Thai schoolchildren, along with the presence and numbers of bacterial species commonly associated with periodontitis were investigated. A consent form was sent out to 192 schoolchildren in one school (Chanachanupathom School) in Chana, Southern Thailand (in the age range of 12-18 years) and 119 attended for a clinical and microbiological examination. Clinical recordings included number of teeth present, DMFT, plaque index, bleeding index, clinical attachment loss (CAL), and probing pocket depth (PPD). Pooled plaque samples were analyzed with culture and qPCR against bacteria associated with periodontitis. The children had low caries experience (DMFT = 3.2 +/- 2.3), poor oral hygiene, high bleeding scores, and 67 (56.3%) had at least one interproximal site with CAL >= 1 mm. Thirty-seven (31.1%) of the children were diagnosed with periodontitis stage I, and sixteen (13.4%) were classified as periodontitis Stage II. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was sparsely found in all but the healthy clinical groups (gingivitis, periodontitis Stage I and II), while the groups showed a high prevalence of Fusobacterium spp., Prevotella intermedia/nigrescens, and Campylobacter species as well as of the periodontitis-associated species Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Tannerella forsythia. Thai schoolchildren have poor oral hygiene with abundant amounts of plaque and high presence of bleeding. Early onset periodontitis is common but mostly in its mild form and is not associated with the presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans.
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| 14. |
- Smith, A., et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of antimicrobial prescribing for dental and oral infections in England and Scotland with Norway and Sweden and their relative contribution to national consumption 2010-2016
- 2020
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Ingår i: Bmc Oral Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6831. ; 20:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Prescribing in dental practice has a relatively small but important contribution to the quantity of antibiotics prescribed in primary care. This study aimed to analyse antibiotic prescribing in dentistry over time (2010-2016) in 4 different Northern European countries and their relative contribution to national outpatients consumption. Methods This retrospective study evaluated the frequency and number of national antibiotic prescriptions written by dentists in England, Scotland, Norway and Sweden. The consumption of such antibiotics was measured using WHO defined daily doses (DDDs), DDDs per 100,000 inhabitants per day (DIDs(100,000)). Results A total of more than 27 million prescriptions (27,026,599) archived between 2010 and 2016 from the four countries were analysed. The national contribution of Norwegian dentists to the total primary care prescription during this period was 8%. The corresponding figures for Sweden, Scotland and England were 7, 6, and 8%. Dental contribution to National antibiotic use in all four countries has decreased over the study time period for commonly prescribed antibiotics in dentistry, i.e., the beta-lactams (Phenoxymethyl penicillin/Amoxicillin) and metronidazole. There were less numbers of prescriptions by dentists in Norway and Sweden compared to England and Scotland. Marked differences in some classes of antibiotics were noted with Phenoxymethyl penicillin dominating in Sweden/Norway compared to Amoxicillin and Metronidazole in England/Scotland. In England and Scotland, dentists were the largest prescribers of metronidazole in primary care. Clindamycin prescriptions was higher in Norway and Sweden. Conclusion Noticeable differences exist in prescribing patterns for the management of oral infections. High levels of metronidazole use in England and Scotland also require further analysis. All countries over the study period showed a decrease in total numbers of antibiotics prescribed.
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| 15. |
- Thorbert-Mros, S., et al.
(författare)
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A comparative study on periodontitis and periodontitis-associated bacteria in Somali and non-Somali children and adolescents living in Trollhattan, Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Journal of Oral Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0909-8836 .- 1600-0722. ; 130:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The reported prevalence of periodontitis in children and adolescents varies considerably between populations globally. This cross-sectional study compares clinical and microbiological findings on 83 Somali immigrants and 96 non-Somali children aged 10-17 years old living in Trollhattan, Sweden. The clinical examination included registration of bleeding on probing, plaque, and calculus on incisors and first molars. The distance between cemento-enamel junction and bone level was measured on bitewing radiographs. Pooled microbiological samples (1 mu L) were taken from the mesial surface of 16, 11, 31, 36, and analyzed by culture and real-time polymerase chain reaction for seven periodontal associated bacterial species. The Somali participants had poorer oral hygiene and more bleeding, plaque, and calculus. Ten of the Somali but none of the non-Somali participants showed periodontal breakdown (radiographical bone loss > 3 mm), corresponding to a prevalence of 12% (95% CI: 5.9, 21.0%). The presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans was almost exclusively associated with Somali participants. Further, the JP2 clone was found in five Somalis (including two periodontitis cases) confirming the association of this clone with African populations. The Somali group showed significantly higher frequencies and numbers of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola, implying a mature and adult type of subgingival microbiota.
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| 16. |
- Ulin, Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Immediate clinical and microbiological evaluation of the effectiveness of 0.5% versus 3% sodium hypochlorite in root canal treatment: A quasi-randomized controlled trial.
- 2020
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Ingår i: International endodontic journal. - : Wiley. - 1365-2591 .- 0143-2885. ; 53:5, s. 591-603
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To test the hypothesis that in the daily routine of a specialist clinic in endodontics that irrigation during root canal preparation with 3.0% NaOCl will result in fewer postoperative samples with cultivable bacteria than irrigation with 0.5% buffered NaOCl but, at the same time, will not result in a higher frequency of postoperative pain nor swelling.Two hundred ninety-eight patients were enrolled in the study and were randomly assigned into two groups - 0.5% NaOCl and 3% NaOCl. All endodontic diagnoses were included. Root canal treatment was performed, and bacterial sampling was carried out prior to root filling. The patients were requested to complete a form regarding pain and swelling seven days postoperatively. Fisher's exact test, Mann-Whitney U-test, Mantel-Haenszel chi-squared and the chi-squared test with a significance level of P<0.05 were used for statistical analysis. Multivariable logistic regression was used to adjust for confounders.In the 0.5% NaOCl group, 18 (13.4%) of the root canal samples were positive; in the 3% NaOCl group, the corresponding number was 24 (18.6%). The mean difference of -5.2% (95% CI: -14.8 to 4.4) was not significant (P=0.33). In the 0.5% NaOCl group, 57 (53.8%) patients reported some pain; in the 3% group, the corresponding number was 56 (53.3%). The mean difference of 0.4 (95% CI: -14.0 to 14.8) was not significant (P=1.0). In the 0.5% NaOCl group, 5 (5.1%) patients reported swelling; in the 3% NaOCl group, the corresponding number was 18 (17.8%). The mean difference was 12.7 (95% CI: 3.1-22.4), which was significant (P=0.0084).The difference in the concentration of NaOCl (0.5% vs 3%) had no significant impact on the number of positive cultures and did not influence either the frequency or the magnitude of postoperative pain. A significantly higher incidence of postoperative swelling was recorded for patients who received a greater concentration of NaOCl(3%).
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| 17. |
- Volgenant, C. M. C., et al.
(författare)
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Low prevalence of multi-resistant bacteria in undergraduate dental students; an observational case-control multi-centre study in Europe
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Oral Microbiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2000-2297. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: This study assessed the prevalence of MRSA, ESBL and VRE in students from four dental schools in Europe. Methods: The hand, tongue and nostrils of the students who treated patients (study group) and who did not treat patients (control group) were sampled. After incubation in TSB and subculturing in the presence of 4 mu g/ml oxacillin, positive cultures were identified for Staphylococcus aureus by Mannitol salt agar and agglutination tests. The presence of MRSA was confirmed by specific PCR on the species and on the SSCmec genes. ESBL and VRE were isolated using specific CHROMagar and confirmed using antibiotic sensitivity tests. Results: Of the 879 students who participated in this study (454 students which treated patients, 425 controls) a total of 50 students (5.7%) tested positive for a multi-drug resistant bacterium (MDRB); 13 (1.5%) students tested positive for MRSA, 26 (3.0%) for ESBL and 12 (1.4%) for VRE. No statistically significant differences were found between the students who treated patients compared to the control group for any of the MDRB and study centres, excluding MRSA carriage in the Italian student population. The use of antibiotics the year before sampling, was positively associated with the presence of an MDRB (OR 2.0; 95% Confidence Interval 1.10-3.68; p = 0.02). Conclusion: The risk for MDRB carriage and sequential transmission of MDRB for dental health care students and their patients were acceptably low.
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