| 11. |
- Bonetti, Pietro M., et al.
(författare)
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Interaction-driven first-order and higher-order topological superconductivity
- 2024
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9950 .- 2469-9969. ; 109:18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigate topological superconductivity in the Rashba-Hubbard model, describing heavy-atom superlattice and van der Waals materials with broken inversion. We focus in particular on fillings close to the van Hove singularities, where a large density of states enhances the superconducting transition temperature. To determine the topology of the superconducting gaps and to analyze the stability of their surface states in the presence of disorder and residual interactions, we employ an fRG+MFT approach, which combines the unbiased functional renormalization group (fRG) with a real-space mean-field theory (MFT). Our approach uncovers a cascade of topological superconducting states, including ?1 and ?1 pairings, whose wave functions are of dominant ?- and ?-wave character, respectively, as well as a time-reversal breaking ?1+??1 pairing. While the ?1 and ?1 states have first-order topology with helical and flat-band Majorana edge states, respectively, the ?1+??1 pairing exhibits second-order topology with Majorana corner modes. We investigate the disorder stability of the bulk superconducting states, analyze interaction-induced instabilities of the edge states, and discuss implications for experimental systems.
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| 12. |
- Ehrenborg, Casimir, et al.
(författare)
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Fundamental bounds on MIMO antennas
- 2018
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Ingår i: IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters. - 1536-1225. ; 17:1, s. 21-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Antenna current optimization is often used to analyze the optimal performance of antennas. Antenna performance can be quantified in e.g., minimum Q-factor and radiation efficiency. The performance of MIMO antennas is more involved and, in general, a single parameter is not sufficient to quantify it. Here, the capacity of an idealized channel is used as the main performance quantity. An optimization problem in the current distribution for optimal capacity, measured in spectral efficiency, given a fixed Q-factor and radiation efficiency is formulated as a semi-definite optimization problem. A model order reduction based on characteristic and energy modes is employed to improve the computational efficiency. The performance bound is illustrated by solving the optimization problem numerically for rectangular plates and spherical shells.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Lenander-Ramirez, Alexander, et al.
(författare)
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Respirable Dust and Silica - Respiratory Diseases Among Swedish Iron Foundry Workers
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 64:7, s. 593-598
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The mortality and morbidity pattern for respiratory diseases was determined in a cohort of 1,752 Swedish foundry workers, particularly for respirable silica dust exposure.METHODS: The morbidity follow-up in the Swedish National Non-primary Outpatient Register covered 2001 to 2017 (NPR; specialist not in care patients), the mortality from the National Causes of Death Register covered 2001 to 2017. Cumulative exposures to silica and dust were determined.RESULTS: The morbidity in COPD showed significantly increased risk for all exposure groups, as did silicosis in the high exposure group, these cases corresponded to silica exposure levels below 0.05 mg/m3. The mortality of all causes and respiratory diseases was significantly increased by cumulative silica exposure in the high exposure group.CONCLUSIONS: Significantly increased morbidity for respiratory diseases and COPD was determined at silica exposure levels below the current Swedish OEL.
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| 16. |
- Meidell, Liv, et al.
(författare)
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Acupuncture as an optional treatment for hospice patients with xerostomia : an intervention study
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Journal of Palliative Nursing. - 1357-6321 .- 2052-286X. ; 15:1, s. 12-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- More than 70% of seriously ill patients with cancer suffer from xerostomia and the associated problems of swallowing, chewing and speaking. This study aims to investigate whether treatment with acupuncture is a viable option for hospice patients with xerostomia. During a 2-year period, 117 patients were assessed for xerostomia. Eighty-two patients were found to have moderate xerostomia. Sixty-seven fulfilled the criteria for inclusion. Of these, 14 were included but only eight completed the study. Ten acupuncture treatments were given during a 5-week period. The effect of acupuncture was measured using a visual analogue scale, and by measuring the saliva production before and after the series of treatment. The results show that all the patients experienced alleviation of dryness of the mouth and the associated symptoms, and thus benefited from the acupuncture treatment. However, conducting a 5-week acupuncture intervention study is not feasible at an inpatient hospice due to the patients being too close to death.
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| 17. |
- Moreno-Vera, Juan, et al.
(författare)
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Concepts for historical and geographical thinking in Sweden´s and Spain´s Primary Education curiicula
- 2020
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Ingår i: Humanities & Social Sciences Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2662-9992. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The goal of this study is to compare the presence of concepts for historical and geographical thinking in the national curricula for Primary Education in Spain and Sweden in order to analyze if these thinking concepts can enable new active learning methodologies in the Social Science classroom. The comparative study is based on a qualitative investigation using a horizontal evaluation instrument (international compared analysis). Compared items were divided in four dimensions: 1. curriculum structure—subjects, timetable, compulsory, ratio, etc.-, 2. educational methodologies—project-based learning, research, practical lessons-, 3. Objectives and evaluation—aims, evaluation criteria, standards-, and 4. Contents—con- ceptual, procedural, and attitudinal. The results show that, despite a different structure for the history and geography subjects in Primary Education, neither of the two curricula present historical and geographical thinking concepts as a fundamental aim for Primary Education and, at the same time, the low presence of these thinking concepts is linked to traditional teaching models still based on positivism and memorization.
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| 18. |
- Morrell, Jane
(författare)
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Endoscopy-mediated intratubal insemination in the cow - Development of a novel minimally invasive AI technique
- 2018
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Ingår i: Theriogenology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0093-691X .- 1879-3231. ; 115, s. 117-123
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conventionally inseminated spermatozoa suffer a dramatic reduction in numbers during their long journey until fertilization. In addition sperm survival seems to be strongly affected by the reconstitution of the female reproductive tract in the post partum period. The purpose of this study was to develop a novel AI technique for cattle that allows the deposition of spermatozoa directly into the ampulla in the immediate vicinity of the fertilization site. This new reproductive biotechnique was investigated with focus on semen origin, sperm dosage, semen preparation and time of insemination. Finally, a first practical application was carried out by inseminating superovulated heifers with sex-sorted semen. In total, 49 Simmental heifers were used for 65 intratubal inseminations (ITI) with single ovulation and 8 Ms after superovulation, respectively. Insemination into the oviduct was performed under epidural anesthesia via transvaginal endoscopy using a curved glass capillary loaded with semen. Two days later the oviduct and the adjacent uterine horn were endoscopically flushed and embryos or unfertilized oocytes were collected for determination of fertilization success. Across all experimental groups, tubal insemination successfully resulted in the collection of embryos; however, first tubal Al attempts and His close to ovulation led to low recovery rates. In total, 109 complexes were flushed from Ms in superstimulated heifers (n = 8) using sex sorted semen, of which 24 (22%) were at the embryo stage. In conclusion, it was shown that intratubal insemination can be successfully used for semen deposition, thus bypassing the lower female genital tract. Factors such as time of insemination, semen processing and semen quantity for superovulatory use should be further investigated. (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier Inc.
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| 19. |
- Osathanunkul, Maslin, et al.
(författare)
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Refining DNA Barcoding Coupled High Resolution Melting for Discrimination of 12 Closely Related Croton Species
- 2015
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 10:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- DNA barcoding coupled high resolution melting (Bar-HRM) is an emerging method for species discrimination based on DNA dissociation kinetics. The aim of this work was to evaluate the suitability of different primer sets, derived from selected DNA regions, for Bar-HRM analysis of species in Croton (Euphorbiaceae), one of the largest genera of plants with over 1,200 species. Seven primer pairs were evaluated (matK, rbcL1, rbcL2, rbcL3, rpoC, trnL and ITS1) from four plastid regions, matK, rbcL, rpoC, and trnL, and the nuclear ribosomal marker ITS1. The primer pair derived from the ITS1 region was the single most effective region for the identification of the tested species, whereas the rbcL1 primer pair gave the lowest resolution. It was observed that the ITS1 barcode was the most useful DNA barcoding region overall for species discrimination out of all of the regions and primers assessed. Our Bar-HRM results here also provide further support for the hypothesis that both sequence and base composition affect DNA duplex stability.
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| 20. |
- Sayyab, Shumaila, et al.
(författare)
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Whole-Genome Sequencing of a Canine Family Trio Reveals a FAM83G Variant Associated with Hereditary Footpad Hyperkeratosis
- 2016
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Ingår i: G3. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2160-1836. ; 6, s. 521-527
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Over 250 Mendelian traits and disorders, caused by rare alleles have been mapped in the canine genome. Although each disease is rare in the dog as a species, they are collectively common and have major impact on canine health. With SNP-based genotyping arrays, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have proven to be a powerful method to map the genomic region of interest when 10-20 cases and 10-20 controls are available. However, to identify the genetic variant in associated regions, fine-mapping and targeted resequencing is required. Here we present a new approach using whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of a family trio without prior GWAS. As a proof-ofconcept, we chose an autosomal recessive disease known as hereditary footpad hyperkeratosis (HFH) in Kromfohrländer dogs. To our knowledge, this is the first time this family trio WGS-approach has been used successfully to identify a genetic variant that perfectly segregates with a canine disorder. The sequencing of three Kromfohrländer dogs from a family trio (an affected offspring and both its healthy parents) resulted in an average genome coverage of 9.2X per individual. After applying stringent filtering criteria for candidate causative coding variants, 527 single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and 15 indels were found to be homozygous in the affected offspring and heterozygous in the parents. Using the computer software packages ANNOVAR and SIFT to functionally annotate coding sequence differences, and to predict their functional effect, resulted in seven candidate variants located in six different genes. Of these, only FAM83G:c155G. C (p.R52P) was found to be concordant in eight additional cases, and 16 healthy Kromfohrländer dogs.
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