| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Hogberg, L, et al.
(författare)
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Penicillin-resistant pneumococci in Sweden 1997-2003: Increased multiresistance despite stable prevalence and decreased antibiotic use
- 2006
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Ingår i: Microbial Drug Resistance. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1076-6294 .- 1931-8448. ; 12:1, s. 16-22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Antimicrobial resistance patterns and capsular groups of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (PRP; MIC penicillin G >= 0.5 mg/ml) in Sweden between 1997 and 2003 were described, and trends in resistance and antibiotic sales during the same period were compared. The most common serogroups were in descending order 9, 19, 14, 23, and 6. Despite a low and stable annual PRP rate (proportion of PRP out of all pneumococci) of around 2% during the study period, the proportion of PRP resistant to other antibiotics increased. Of all tested PRP isolates, 82% were also resistant to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, 32% had additional resistance to tetracycline, and 26% to erythromycin. Antibiotic sales figures for all studied antibiotic subgroups decreased during the same period. Little correlation was found between antibiotic sales and PRP resistance rates, indicating that there are still other poorly defined factors contributing to the reported resistance levels in the population. However, although PRP strains in Sweden are becoming more commonly resistant to antibiotics other than beta-lactams, the low and further reduced antibiotic sales still might have delayed the development and rapid spread of PRP in the population.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Nilsson, U R, et al.
(författare)
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Modification of the complement binding properties of polystyrene : effects of end-point heparin attachment.
- 1993
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. - 0300-9475 .- 1365-3083. ; 37:3, s. 349-354
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years, conjugation of heparin to biomaterials has been shown to improve its biocompatibility. The purpose of the present work was to compare complement activation and binding of C3 to unmodified and heparin-treated polystyrene surfaces of microtitre plates. When polystyrene was incubated with human serum, C3 was deposited on the surface by both adsorption and binding dependent on activation of the classical (CPW) and alternative (APW) pathways. After end-point attachment of heparin, significant C3 deposition, although at reduced levels, occurred only by CPW-mediated mechanisms, while adsorption and APW-mediated binding were strongly reduced. Generally, the modified surface bound lower amounts of protein, e.g. serum albumin and IgG, than the unmodified. By contrast, it had increased affinity for C1q which leads to binding of C1 and activation of complement via the CPW. Nevertheless, the net effect of the surface modification on the complement reaction was an overall reduction of C3 binding due to obliteration of APW. This can be related to an enhanced factor H/I-dependent down-regulation of C3b and to the lowered protein-adsorbing property of the surface, both of which have inhibitory effects on APW and on the C3 shunt-dependent activation of the complement system.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Wenzel, H. H. B., et al.
(författare)
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A federated approach to identify women with early-stage cervical cancer at low risk of lymph node metastases
- 2023
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cancer. - : Elsevier BV. - 0959-8049 .- 1879-0852. ; 185, s. 61-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Lymph node metastases (pN+) in presumed early-stage cervical cancer negatively impact prognosis. Using federated learning, we aimed to develop a tool to identify a group of women at low risk of pN+, to guide the shared decision-making process concerning the extent of lymph node dissection.Methods: Women with cervical cancer between 2005 and 2020 were identified retrospectively from population-based registries: the Danish Gynaecological Cancer Database, Swedish Quality Registry for Gynaecologic Cancer and Netherlands Cancer Registry. Inclusion cri-teria were: squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma or adenosquamous carcinoma; The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics 2009 IA2, IB1 and IIA1; treatment with radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymph node assessment. We applied privacy-preserving federated logistic regression to identify risk factors of pN+. Significant factors were used to stratify the risk of pN+. Results: We included 3606 women (pN+ 11%). The most important risk factors of pN+ were lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) (odds ratio [OR] 5.16, 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.59-5.79), tumour size 21-40 mm (OR 2.14, 95% CI, 1.89-2.43) and depth of invasion > 10 mm (OR 1.81, 95% CI, 1.59-2.08). A group of 1469 women (41%)-with tumours without LVSI, tumour size 520 mm, and depth of invasion 510 mm-had a very low risk of pN + (2.4%, 95% CI, 1.7-3.3%). Conclusion: Early-stage cervical cancer without LVSI, a tumour size 520 mm and depth of invasion 510 mm, confers a low risk of pN+. Based on an international privacy-preserving analysis, we developed a useful tool to guide the shared decision-making process regarding lymph node dissection.& COPY; 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 19. |
- Abrahamsson, K, et al.
(författare)
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Marine algae - a source of trichloroethylene and perchloroethylene
- 1995
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Ingår i: Limnology and Oceanography. - 0024-3590 .- 1939-5590. ; 40:7, s. 1321-1326
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Our results show the natural production of two olefins, trichloroethylene and perchloroethylene, by various marine macroalgae and a microalga. We found significant difference in the ability of the algae to produce these compounds. The production rates for trichloroethylenevaried between 0.022 and 3,400 ng g-l fresh wt (FW)h-l and were generally higher than those for perchloroethylene(0.0026-8.2 ng g-l FW h-l). The two subtropicalalgae, Asparagopsis taxiformis and Falkenbergia hillebrandii,showed the highest formation rates. One axenicmarine red microalga, Porphyridium purpureum, was alsotested and it could also produce trichloroethylene and perchloroethylene.The measured rates suggest that the emissionof trichloroethylene and perchloroethylene from theoceans to the atmosphere may be of such a magnitude thatit cannot be neglected in the global atmospheric chlorinebudget.
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| 20. |
- Ahl, Matilda, et al.
(författare)
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Immune response in blood before and after epileptic and psychogenic non-epileptic seizures
- 2023
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Ingår i: Heliyon. - : Elsevier. - 2405-8440. ; 9:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inflammatory processes may provoke epileptic seizures and seizures may promote an immune reaction. Hence, the systemic immune reaction is a tempting diagnostic and prognostic marker in epilepsy. We explored the immune response before and after epileptic and psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES). Serum samples collected from patients with videoEEG-verified temporal or frontal lobe epilepsy (TLE or FLE) or TLE + PNES showed increased interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in between seizures (interictally), compared to controls. Patients with PNES had no increase in IL-6. The IL-6 levels increased transiently even further within hours after a seizure (postictally) in TLE but not in FLE patients. The postictal to interictal ratio of additionally five immune factors were also increased in TLE patients only. We conclude that immune factors have the potential to be future biomarkers for epileptic seizures and that the heterogeneity among different epileptic and non-epileptic seizures may be disclosed in peripheral blood sampling independent of co-morbidities.
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