| 11. |
- Pettersson, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
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Upgrading the strength properties of sheets from hardwood high yield pulps
- 2018
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Ingår i: Pan Pacific Fibre Value Chain Conference 2018, Proceedings. - : Appita Inc.. - 9780975746998 ; , s. 142-147
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the current paper it is shown that tensile and compression strength of sheets from hardwood high yield pulps (HYP), which has been manufactured at a low energy input in refining, can be multiplied by improving the fibre-fibre bond strength and the number of contact areas between fibre surfaces in the sheet structure. At fibre surface treatment with cationic starch the properties are improved at almost preserved bulk (i.e., preserved density). Remarkable improvements are achieved at densification of the sheet structures by pressing in a hot press nip at temperatures well above the softening temperature of wet lignin. The former technique is above all to prefer in manufacturing of middle plies in paperboard composites, whereas the latter technique is of special interest in manufacturing of packaging papers with high demands upon strength. For instance, it is shown in the paper how tensile index on sheets of CTMP from birch (CSF 480 ml) can be enhanced from 20 to 50 kNm/kg and compression index (SCT) from 10 to 35 kNm/kg by the tested techniques.
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| 12. |
- Ruiz, VE, et al.
(författare)
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A single early-in-life macrolide course has lasting effects on murine microbial network topology and immunity
- 2017
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Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 8:1, s. 518-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Broad-spectrum antibiotics are frequently prescribed to children. Early childhood represents a dynamic period for the intestinal microbial ecosystem, which is readily shaped by environmental cues; antibiotic-induced disruption of this sensitive community may have long-lasting host consequences. Here we demonstrate that a single pulsed macrolide antibiotic treatment (PAT) course early in life is sufficient to lead to durable alterations to the murine intestinal microbiota, ileal gene expression, specific intestinal T-cell populations, and secretory IgA expression. A PAT-perturbed microbial community is necessary for host effects and sufficient to transfer delayed secretory IgA expression. Additionally, early-life antibiotic exposure has lasting and transferable effects on microbial community network topology. Our results indicate that a single early-life macrolide course can alter the microbiota and modulate host immune phenotypes that persist long after exposure has ceased.
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| 20. |
- Aulin, C., et al.
(författare)
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Cartilage repair of experimentally 11 induced osteochondral defects in New Zealand White rabbits
- 2013
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Ingår i: Laboratory Animals. - : SAGE Publications. - 0023-6772 .- 1758-1117. ; 47:1, s. 58-65
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Articular cartilage has a limited capacity for self-repair in adult humans, and methods used to stimulate regeneration often result in re-growth of fibrous cartilage, which has lower durability. No current treatment option can provide complete repair. The possibility of growth factor delivery into the joint for cartilage regeneration after injury would be an attractive treatment option. A full thickness osteochondral defect of 4 mm in diameter and 2 mm deep was created by mechanical drilling in the medial femoral condyle in 20 female adult New Zealand White rabbits. In an attempt to improve regeneration a hyaluronic hydrogel system, with or without bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) was delivered intraarticularly. The contralateral joint defect was treated with saline as control. Throughout the study, rabbits were clinically examined and after 12 (n = 6) or 24 (n = 9) weeks, the rabbits were euthanized and the joints evaluated by histology. The defects healed with fibrocartilage like tissue, and the filling of the defects ranged from less than 25% to complete. The healing of the defects varied both inter- and intra-group wise. Treatment with hyaluronan gel with or without BMP-2 had no effect on cartilage regeneration compared with controls. Instead, severe ectopic bone formation was found in seven joints treated with BMP-2. In conclusion, the present study shows that neither treatment with hyaluronic gel alone, nor in combination with BMP-2, improves the healing of an induced cartilage defect in rabbits. It further shows that BMP-2 can induce ectopic bone formation, which severely affects the functionality of the joint.
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