| 11. |
- Persson, Ingemar, et al.
(författare)
-
2D Transition Metal Carbides (MXenes) for Carbon Capture
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Advanced Materials. - : WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH. - 0935-9648 .- 1521-4095. ; 31:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Global warming caused by burning of fossil fuels is indisputably one of mankinds greatest challenges in the 21st century. To reduce the ever-increasing CO2 emissions released into the atmosphere, dry solid adsorbents with large surface-to-volume ratio such as carbonaceous materials, zeolites, and metal-organic frameworks have emerged as promising material candidates for capturing CO2. However, challenges remain because of limited CO2/N-2 selectivity and long-term stability. The effective adsorption of CO2 gas (approximate to 12 mol kg(-1)) on individual sheets of 2D transition metal carbides (referred to as MXenes) is reported here. It is shown that exposure to N-2 gas results in no adsorption, consistent with first-principles calculations. The adsorption efficiency combined with the CO2/N-2 selectivity, together with a chemical and thermal stability, identifies the archetype Ti3C2 MXene as a new material for carbon capture (CC) applications.
|
|
| 12. |
- Persson, Ingemar, et al.
(författare)
-
How Much Oxygen Can a MXene Surface Take Before It Breaks?
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Advanced Functional Materials. - : WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH. - 1616-301X .- 1616-3028. ; 30:47
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tuning and tailoring of surface terminating functional species hold the key to unlock unprecedented properties for a wide range of applications of the largest 2D family known as MXenes. However, a few routes for surface tailoring are explored and little is known about the extent to which the terminating species can saturate the MXene surfaces. Among available terminations, atomic oxygen is of interest for electrochemical energy storage, hydrogen evolution reaction, photocatalysis, etc. However, controlled oxidation of the surfaces is not trivial due to the favored formation of oxides. In the present contribution, single sheets of Ti3C2Tx MXene, inherently terminated by F and O, are defluorinated by heating in vacuum and subsequentially exposed to O-2 gas at temperatures up to 450 degrees C in situ, in an environmental transmission electron microscope. Results include exclusive termination by O on the MXene surfaces and eventual supersaturation (x amp;gt; 2) with a retained MXene sheet structure. Upon extended O exposure, the MXene structure transforms into TiO2 and desorbs surface bound H2O and CO2 reaction products. These results are fundamental for understanding the oxidation, the presence of water on MXene surfaces, and the degradation of MXenes, and pave way for further tailoring of MXene surfaces.
|
|
| 13. |
- Vogelezang, Suzanne, et al.
(författare)
-
Novel loci for childhood body mass index and shared heritability with adult cardiometabolic traits.
- 2020
-
Ingår i: PLoS genetics. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7404. ; 16:10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The genetic background of childhood body mass index (BMI), and the extent to which the well-known associations of childhood BMI with adult diseases are explained by shared genetic factors, are largely unknown. We performed a genome-wide association study meta-analysis of BMI in 61,111 children aged between 2 and 10 years. Twenty-five independent loci reached genome-wide significance in the combined discovery and replication analyses. Two of these, located near NEDD4L and SLC45A3, have not previously been reported in relation to either childhood or adult BMI. Positive genetic correlations of childhood BMI with birth weight and adult BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, diastolic blood pressure and type 2 diabetes were detected (Rg ranging from 0.11 to 0.76, P-values <0.002). A negative genetic correlation of childhood BMI with age at menarche was observed. Our results suggest that the biological processes underlying childhood BMI largely, but not completely, overlap with those underlying adult BMI. The well-known observational associations of BMI in childhood with cardio-metabolic diseases in adulthood may reflect partial genetic overlap, but in light of previous evidence, it is also likely that they are explained through phenotypic continuity of BMI from childhood into adulthood.
|
|
| 14. |
- Wadt, Karin A W, et al.
(författare)
-
Molecular characterization of melanoma cases in denmark suspected of genetic predisposition.
- 2015
-
Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 10:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Both environmental and host factors influence risk of cutaneous melanoma (CM), and worldwide, the incidence varies depending on constitutional determinants of skin type and pigmentation, latitude, and patterns of sun exposure. We performed genetic analysis of CDKN2A, CDK4, BAP1, MC1R, and MITFp.E318K in Danish high-risk melanoma cases and found CDKN2A germline mutations in 11.3% of CM families with three or more affected individuals, including four previously undescribed mutations. Rare mutations were also seen in CDK4 and BAP1, while MC1R variants were common, occurring at more than twice the frequency compared to Danish controls. The MITF p.E318K variant similarly occurred at an approximately three-fold higher frequency in melanoma cases than controls. To conclude, we propose that mutation screening of CDKN2A and CDK4 in Denmark should predominantly be performed in families with at least 3 cases of CM. In addition, we recommend that testing of BAP1 should not be conducted routinely in CM families but should be reserved for families with CM and uveal melanoma, or mesothelioma.
|
|
