| 11. |
- Zettergren, Henning, et al.
(författare)
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Bond formation in C-59(+)-C-60 collisions
- 2014
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Ingår i: XXVIII International Conference on Photonic, Electronic and Atomic Collisions (ICPEAC 2013). - : Institute of Physics (IOP).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work, we show that keV-ions are able to remove single carbon atoms from individual fullerenes in clusters of C-60 molecules. This very efficiently leads to the formation of exotic q dumbbell molecules through secondary C-59(+) - C-60 collisions within the fragmenting cluster. Such molecular fusion processes are inherently different from those induced by photons where only products with even numbers of carbon atoms are observed. Thus, ion collisions ignite unique and hitherto overlooked secondary reactions in small aggregates of matter. This relates to the question on how complex molecules may form in e.g. space.
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| 12. |
- Zettergren, Henning, et al.
(författare)
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Formations of Dumbbell C-118 and C-119 inside Clusters of C-60 Molecules by Collision with alpha Particles
- 2013
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 110:18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report highly selective covalent bond modifications in collisions between keV alpha particles and van der Waals clusters of C-60 fullerenes. Surprisingly, C-119(+) and C-118(+) are the dominant molecular fusion products. We use molecular dynamics simulations to show that C-59(+) and C-58(+) ions-effectively produced in prompt knockout processes with He2+-react rapidly with C-60 to form dumbbell C-119(+) and C-118(+). Ion impact on molecular clusters in general is expected to lead to efficient secondary reactions of interest for astrophysics. These reactions are different from those induced by photons.
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| 13. |
- Zettergren, Henning, et al.
(författare)
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Magic and hot giant fullerenes formed inside ion irradiated weakly bound C-60 clusters
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 133:10, s. 104301-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We find that the most stable fullerene isomers, C-70-C-94, form efficiently in close-to central collisions between keV atomic ions and weakly bound clusters of more than 15 C-60-molecules. We observe extraordinarily high yields of C-70 and marked preferences for C-78 and C-84. Larger even-size carbon molecules, C-96-C-180, follow a smooth log-normal (statistical) intensity distribution. Measurements of kinetic energies indicate that C-70-C-94 mainly are formed by coalescence reactions between small carbon molecules and Coo, while C-n with n >= 96 are due to self-assembly (of small molecules) and shrinking hot giant fullerenes.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Arnlund, David, et al.
(författare)
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Visualizing a protein quake with time-resolved X-ray scattering at a free-electron laser
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nature Methods. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1548-7091 .- 1548-7105. ; 11:9, s. 923-926
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We describe a method to measure ultrafast protein structural changes using time-resolved wide-angle X-ray scattering at an X-ray free-electron laser. We demonstrated this approach using multiphoton excitation of the Blastochloris viridis photosynthetic reaction center, observing an ultrafast global conformational change that arises within picoseconds and precedes the propagation of heat through the protein. This provides direct structural evidence for a 'protein quake': the hypothesis that proteins rapidly dissipate energy through quake-like structural motions.
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| 16. |
- Berger, Thor, et al.
(författare)
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Geographical Location and Urbanization of the Swedish Manufacturing Industry, 1900-1960: Evidence from a New Database
- 2012
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Economic History Review. - 0358-5522. ; 60:3, s. 290-308
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article introduces a new database, based on official statistics, of regional manufacturing industries in Sweden. We employ this database to examine the distribution of manufacturing activity across Swedish regions and cities, 1900–1960. Over this period we observe an increasing concentration of manufacturing activities, reaching a peak around 1940, across the northern, southern and western parts (NUTS-I areas) of Sweden. Over the same period, the North-South divide in terms of manufacturing employment grew larger. Across counties (NUTS-III) and cities we, however, observe two shorter periods of convergence of manufacturing activities, in the early twentieth century and in the post-war period, whereas the inter-war period was characterised by divergence. These developments occurred to the backdrop of the urbanisation of industry in Sweden, as the rural share of manufacturing employment declined from roughly 60 to 25% between 1900 and 1960. We also find that the regional patterns of individual industries over time followed different trajectories, suggesting that that the determinants of industry location differed significantly across industries.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Braschler, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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A PROMISE for Experimental Evaluation
- 2010. - 11
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Participative Research labOratory for Multimedia and Multilingual Information Systems Evaluation (PROMISE) is a Network of Excellence, starting in conjunction with this first independent CLEF 2010 conference, and designed to support and develop the evaluation of multilingual and multimedia information access systems, largely through the activities taking place in Cross-Language Evaluation Forum (CLEF) today, and taking it forward in important new ways. PROMISE is coordinated by the University of Padua, and comprises 10 partners: the Swedish Institute for Computer Science, the University of Amsterdam, Sapienza University of Rome, University of Applied Sciences of Western Switzerland, the Information Retrieval Facility, the Zurich University of Applied Sciences, the Humboldt University of Berlin, the Evaluation and Language Resources Distribution Agency, and the Centre for the Evaluation of Language Communication Technologies. The single most important step forward for multilingual and multimedia information access which PROMISE will work towards is to provide an open evaluation infrastructure in order to support automation and collaboration in the evaluation process.
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| 19. |
- Cortina-Gil, D., et al.
(författare)
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CALIFA, a Dedicated Calorimeter for the R3B/FAIR
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nuclear Data Sheets. - : Elsevier BV. - 1095-9904 .- 0090-3752. ; 120, s. 99-101
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The R3B experiment (Reactions with Relativistic Radioactive Beams) at FAIR (Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research) is a versatile setup dedicated to the study of reactions induced by high-energy radioactive beams. It will provide kinematically complete measurements with high efficiency, acceptance and resolution, making possible a broad physics program with rare-isotopes. CALIFA (CALorimeter for In-Flight detection of gamma-rays and high energy charged pArticles), is a complex detector based on scintillation crystals, that will surround the target of the R3B experiment. CALIFA will act as a total absorption gamma-calorimeter and spectrometer, as well as identifier of charged particles from target residues. This versatility is its most challenging requirement, demanding a huge dynamic range, to cover from low energy gamma-rays up to 300 MeV protons. This fact, along with the high-energy of the beams determine the conceptual design of the detector, presented in this paper, together with the technical solutions proposed for its construction.
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| 20. |
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