| 11. |
- Ekheden, Isabella, et al.
(författare)
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Survival of esophageal and gastric cancer patients with adjuvant and palliative chemotherapy-a retrospective analysis of a register-based patient cohort
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. - : Springer Nature. - 0031-6970 .- 1432-1041. ; 76:7, s. 1029-1041
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeThe survival of esophageal and gastric cancer patients treated with chemotherapy is rarely assessed outside of clinical trials. Therefore, we compared the effectiveness of various curative or palliative chemotherapy regimens on the survival of esophageal and gastric cancer patients in a “real world” clinical setting.MethodsWe identified a cohort of 966 incident esophageal and gastric cancer patients in Stockholm/Gotland County (a low-risk Western population) during 2008–2013. Patients who received chemotherapy with curative intention (n = 279) and palliative intention (n = 182) were analyzed separately. Using Cox proportional hazards regression models, we estimated hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and adjusted for the potential confounding factors: age, sex, TNM stage, radiotherapy, comorbidity, marital status, education, income, and country of birth.ResultsIn esophageal cancer patients with curative treatment intention, we observed a higher hazard for death among patients who received carboplatin-fluorouracil compared to patients who received cisplatin-fluorouracil, corresponding to a HR of 2.18 (95% CI 1.09–4.37). Conversely, in patients with cancer in the gastroesophageal junction who had a curative treatment intention at diagnosis, we observed a reduced hazard for death among those who received fluorouracil-oxaliplatin, compared to patients who received cisplatin-fluorouracil (HR 0.28; 95% CI 0.08–0.96).ConclusionAmong patients with esophageal cancer who received treatment with curative intention, cisplatin-fluorouracil was associated with better survival compared to carboplatin-fluorouracil, while patients with gastroesophageal junction cancer who were treated with cisplatin-fluorouracil had worse survival compared to fluorouracil-oxaliplatin.
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| 12. |
- Faraz, Mahmood, et al.
(författare)
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LRIG1 gene copy number analysis by ddPCR and correlations to clinical factors in breast cancer
- 2020
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Ingår i: BMC Cancer. - : BioMed Central. - 1471-2407. ; 20:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains 1 (LRIG1) copy number alterations and unbalanced gene recombination events have been reported to occur in breast cancer. Importantly, LRIG1 loss was recently shown to predict early and late relapse in stage I-II breast cancer.Methods: We developed droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assays for the determination of relative LRIG1 copy numbers and used these assays to analyze LRIG1 in twelve healthy individuals, 34 breast tumor samples previously analyzed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and 423 breast tumor cytosols.Results: Four of the LRIG1/reference gene assays were found to be precise and robust, showing copy number ratios close to 1 (mean, 0.984; standard deviation, +/-0.031) among the healthy control population. The correlation between the ddPCR assays and previous FISH results was low, possibly because of the different normalization strategies used. One in 34 breast tumors (2.9%) showed an unbalanced LRIG1 recombination event. LRIG1 copy number ratios were associated with the breast cancer subtype, steroid receptor status, ERBB2 status, tumor grade, and nodal status. Both LRIG1 loss and gain were associated with unfavorable metastasis-free survival; however, they did not remain significant prognostic factors after adjustment for common risk factors in the Cox regression analysis. Furthermore, LRIG1 loss was not significantly associated with survival in stage I and II cases.Conclusions: Although LRIG1 gene aberrations may be important determinants of breast cancer biology, and prognostic markers, the results of this study do not verify an important role for LRIG1 copy number analyses in predicting the risk of relapse in early-stage breast cancer.
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| 13. |
- Gerdle, Björn, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of current and chronic pain and their influences upon work and healthcare-seeking: A population study
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Rheumatology. - 0315-162X .- 1499-2752. ; 31:7, s. 1399-1406
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. To investigate the prevalence of current and chronic pain and their relationship to pain intensity, sex, age, income, employment status, citizenship, marital status, urban residence, occupational activity, and healthcare-seeking based on a representative sample from a Swedish county. Methods. A cross-sectional survey using a postal questionnaire was sent to a representative sample (n = 9952) of the target population (284,073 people, age 18-74 yrs) in a county (Ostergotland) in southern Sweden. A questionnaire was mailed and followed by 2 postal reminders if necessary. Results. The participation rate was 76.7% (n = 7637); nonparticipants were on average younger, male, and earned less money. The overall point prevalence of pain was 48.9%. The corresponding one-month period prevalence was 63.0%, and pain on several occasions during the previous 3 months was reported by 61.3% of participants. The prevalence of chronic pain (pain > 3 months) was 53.7%. Female sex, age, and sick leave/early retirement were generally of significant importance in the regressions of pain. No sex factor was found in the regressions of pain frequency and pain intensity. Chronic pain - especially frequent and intensive pain - showed clear associations with healthcare-seeking and occupational activity. Conclusion. High prevalence of current pain (48.9%) and chronic pain (53.7%) were found in this community-based study. Being female, older, and on sick leave or early retirement were generally of significant importance in the regressions of pain. Chronic pain showed clear associations with healthcare-seeking and occupational activity, indicating considerable socioeconomic costs.
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| 14. |
- Graven-Nilsen, T, et al.
(författare)
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Ketamine reduces muscle pain, temporal summation, and referred pain in fibromyalgia patients
- 2000
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Ingår i: Pain. - 0304-3959 .- 1872-6623. ; 85:3, s. 483-491
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Central mechanisms related to referred muscle pain and temporal summation of muscular nociceptive activity are facilitated in fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) patients. The present study assessed the effects of an NMDA-antagonist (ketamine) on these central mechanisms. FMS patients received either i.v. placebo or ketamine (0.3 mg/kg, Ketalar(«)) given over 30 min on two separate occasions. Habitual pain intensity was assessed on a visual analogue scale (VAS). Initially, 29 FMS patients received ketamine or isotonic saline to determine which patients were ketamine responders (>50% decrease in pain intensity at rest by active drug on two consecutive VAS assessments). Fifteen out of 17 ketamine-responders were included in the second part of the study. Before and after ketamine or placebo, experimental local and referred pain was induced by intramuscular (i.m.) infusion of hypertonic saline (0.7 ml, 5%) into the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle. The saline-induced pain intensity was assessed on an electronic VAS, and the distribution of pain drawn by the subject. In addition, the pain threshold (PT) to i.m. electrical stimulation was determined for single stimulus and five repeated (2 Hz, temporal summation) stimuli. The pressure PT of the TA muscle was determined, and the pressure PT and pressure pain tolerance threshold were determined at three bilaterally located tenderpoints (knee, epicondyle, and mid upper trapezius). VAS scores of pain at rest were progressively reduced during ketamine infusion compared with placebo infusion. Pain intensity (area under the VAS curve) to the post-drug infusion of hypertonic saline was reduced by ketamine (-18.4▒0.3% of pre-drug VAS area) compared with placebo (29.9▒18.8%, P<0.02). Local and referred pain areas were reduced by ketamine (-12.0▒14.6% of pre-drug pain areas) compared with placebo (126.3▒83.2%, P<0.03). Ketamine had no significant effect on the PT to single i.m. electrical stimulation. However, the span between the PT to single and repeated i.m. stimuli was significantly decreased by the ketamine (-42.3▒15.0% of pre-drug PT) compared with placebo (50.5▒49.2%, P<0.03) indicating a predominant effect on temporal summation. Mean pressure pain tolerance from the three paired tenderpoints was increased by ketamine (16.6▒6.2% of pre-drug thresholds) compared with placebo (-2.3▒4.9%, P<0.009). The pressure PT at the TA muscle was increased after ketamine (42.4▒9.2% of pre-drug PT) compared with placebo (7.0▒6.6%, P<0.011). The present study showed that mechanisms involved in referred pain, temporal summation, muscular hyperalgesia, and muscle pain at rest were attenuated by the NMDA-antagonist in FMS patients. It suggested a link between central hyperexcitability and the mechanisms for facilitated referred pain and temporal summation in a sub-group of the fibromyalgia syndrome patients. Whether this is specific for FMS patients or a general phenomena in painful musculoskeletal disorders is not known. Copyright (C) 2000 International Association for the Study of Pain. Published by Elsevier Science B.V.
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| 15. |
- Hansson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Björketorpstenen, Vång och en helig förbannelse
- 2016
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Ingår i: Vikten av Vång : en järnåldersplats tar form - en järnåldersplats tar form. - 9789198259827 ; , s. 23-32
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 16. |
- Hashemzehi, Mozhgan, et al.
(författare)
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Degrees of hornification in softwood and hardwood kraft pulp during drying from different solvents
- 2024
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Ingår i: Cellulose. - : Springer. - 0969-0239 .- 1572-882X. ; 31, s. 1813-1825
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hornification, a complex phenomenon occurring during drying of lignocellulosic materials because of formation of irreversible chemical bonds, remains a subject of scientific interest. This study aims to shed light on the underlying mechanisms of hornification by investigating interactions between the liquid and solid phases through a solvent exchange treatment. The treatment involved replacing water with various solvents in suspensions of never-dried cellulose samples, including alcohols (methanol, ethanol, isopropanol) capable of forming hydrogen bonds, albeit to a lesser extent than water, as well as non-alcohol solvents (acetone, ethyl acetate, toluene, heptane) that do not possess the ability to form chain of hydrogen bond, and no hydrogen bond between each other. The impact of solvents on the hornification process was evaluated using WRV measurements. Our findings reveal that water, as a solvent, plays a dominant role in the hornification process, primarily due to its excellent capability to form bridges of hydrogen bonds. In comparison, hornification with alcohols was considerably lower than with water, likely attributed to the smaller ability of alcohols to engage in such interactions. Furthermore, our results indicate a tendency for reduced hornification also when using non-hydrogen bond solvents with decreased polarity. This strengthens the hypothesis related to chains of hydrogen bonds. Additionally, the interaction between hydrophobic surfaces on cellulose through hydrophobic interactions could provide another plausible explanation.
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| 17. |
- Heikkinen, Satu, et al.
(författare)
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Åtgärder för äldre bilförare : effekter på trafiksäkerhet och mobilitet
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I rapporten beskrivs och värderas trafiksäkerhetsåtgärder för äldre bilförare i Norge. Med hjälp av litteratursökningar (publikationer från år 2000 och senare) togs en översikt fram av åtgärder riktade mot såväl förare, fordon som väg- och trafikmiljö. En detaljerad beskrivning av tester som äldre själva kan använda för att bedöma sin egen förmåga och behov av eventuellt stöd presenteras också. I nästa steg värderades och diskuterades åtgärdernas effekter på trafiksäkerhet, mobilitet och säker mobilitet. Ävenåtgärdernas genomförbarhet i Norge beaktades.De åtgärder som utkristalliserades som trafiksäkerhetsfrämjande för äldre bilförare samtidigt som de intepåverkade mobiliteten på ett negativt sätt, var följande sju, utan inbördes rangordning:Det befintliga systemet i Norge med läkarintyg från och med 70 års ålder för personbilsförare börutvärderasDet befintliga systemet i Norge med begränsade körkort bör utvärderasUtbildning för äldre bilförare bör fortsätta och området utvecklas för att nå bättre effekterEgentester bör införas stegvis och denna användning bör evaluerasFramtagning och spridning av råd till äldre om att välja bil och utrustning bör stimulerasSeparat signalfas för vänstersvängande fordon bör om möjligt införas i signalregleradekorsningar, eventuellt kompletterad med ett separat körfältKomplexa korsningar utan signalreglering bör om möjligt byggas om till cirkulationsplatser
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Henriksson, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Control relevant identification of nonlinear systems using linear models
- 2001
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Ingår i: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2001 AMERICAN CONTROL CONFERENCE. - 0780364953 ; , s. 1178-1183
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this contribution we consider control of nonlinear systems by means of linear time-invariant model based control design. It is shown that a desired closed loop response of the nonlinear system for a given reference signal can be achieved using a controller based on a linear model. This is possible if the linear model used in the control design is able to capture the input/output behaviour of the nonlinear system for the desired response. An identification method, designed for this purpose, is presented and illustrated on an numerical example.
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| 20. |
- Henriksson, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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Reducing Bluetooth Interference with Diversity Techniques in IEEE 802.11b Networks
- 2002
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Ingår i: Proceedings Nordic Signal Processing Symposium.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lately different kinds of wireless networks have become more frequently used. If they occupy the same frequency band they are likely to interfere with each other. In this paper, we examine how spatial diversity can be exploited to suppress Bluetooth interference on a IEEE 802.11b network. Two dual antenna receivers, the maximum ratio combining (MRC) and the interference rejection combining (IRC) methods, have been evaluated and compared to the ordinary single antenna receiver. Simulation results show that adding spatial diversity yields a signicant reduction in biterror rate (BER) and as a consequence the throughput is increased, especially for larger fragment sizes.
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