| 11. |
- Kåredal, Johan, et al.
(author)
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Characterization of a computer board-to-board ultra-wideband channel
- 2007
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In: IEEE Communications Letters. - 1089-7798. ; 11:6, s. 468-470
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper we present the results of an extensive ultra-wideband (UWB) measurement campaign performed inside the chassis of two desktop computers. The purpose of the campaign is to analyze the possibility of board-to-board communications, replacing cable connections. Measurements of the propagation channel are performed over a frequency range of 3.1 - 10.6 GHz using a vector network analyzer and antennas small enough to enable integration on a circuit board. The results show that the propagation environment is very uniform, with small variations in the path gain between different positions within a computer. We also performed interference measurements, showing that the interference is restricted to certain subbands.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Kåredal, Johan, et al.
(author)
-
Measurement-based modeling of vehicle-to-vehicle MIMO channels
- 2009
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In: IEEE International Conference on Communications. ; , s. 3470-3475
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Vehicle-to-vehicle (VTV) communications are of interest for applications within traffic safety and congestion avoidance, but the development of suitable communications systems requires accurate models for the VTV propagation channel. This paper presents a new wideband MIMO (multipleinput- multiple-output) channel model for VTV channels based on extensive MIMO channel measurements performed at 5.2 GHz in rural environments in Lund, Sweden. The measured channel characteristics, in particular the non-stationarity of the channel statistics, motivate the use of a geometry-based stochastic channel model (GSCM) instead of the classical tapped-delay line model. We introduce generalizations of the generic GSCM approach and find it suitable to distinguish between diffuse and discrete scattering contributions. The time-variant contribution from discrete scatterers is tracked over time and delay using a high resolution algorithm, and our observations motivate their power being modeled as a combination of a deterministic part and a stochastic part. The paper gives a full model parameterization and the model is verified by comparison of MIMO antenna correlations derived from the channel model to those obtained directly from the measurements.
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| 15. |
- Kåredal, Johan
(author)
-
Measurement-Based Modeling of Wireless Propagation Channels - MIMO and UWB
- 2009
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Future wireless systems envision higher speeds and more reliable services but at the same time face challenges in terms of bandwidth being a limited resource. Two promising techniques that can provide an increased throughput without requiring additional bandwidth allocation are multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems and ultra-wideband (UWB) systems. However, the performance of such systems is highly dependent on the properties of the wireless propagation channel, and an understanding of the channel is therefore crucial in the design of future wireless systems. Examples of such systems covered by this thesis are wireless personal area networks (papers I and II), vehicle-to-vehicle communications (paper III), board-to-board communications inside computers (paper IV) and sensor networks for industrial applications (paper V). Typically, channel models are used to evaluate the performance of different transmission and reception schemes. Channel modeling is the focus of this thesis, which contains a collection of papers that analyze and model the behavior of MIMO and UWB propagation channels. Paper I investigates the fading characteristics of wireless personal area networks (PANs), networks that typically involve human influence close to the antenna terminals. Based on extensive channel measurements using irregular antenna arrays, typical properties of PAN propagation channels are discussed and a model for the complete fading of a single link is presented. Paper II extends the model from paper I to a complete MIMO channel model. The paper combines the classical LOS model for MIMO with results from paper I by prescribing different fading statistics and mean power at the different antenna elements. The model is verified against measurement data and the paper also provides a parameterization for an example of a PAN scenario. Paper III presents a geometry-based stochastic MIMO model for vehicle-to-vehicle communications. The most important propagation effects are discussed based on the results from extensive channel measurements, and the modeling approach is motivated by the non-stationary behavior of such channels. The model distinguishes between diffuse contributions and those stemming from interaction with significant objects in the propagation channel, and the observed fading characteristics of the latter are stochastically accounted for in the model. Paper IV gives a characterization of UWB propagation channels inside desktop computer chassis. By studying measurement results from two different computers, it is concluded that the propagation channel only shows minor differences for different computers and positions within the chassis. It is also found out that the interference power produced by the computer is limited to certain subbands, suggesting that multiband UWB systems are more suitable for this type of applications. Paper V describes a UWB channel model based on the first UWB measurements in an industrial environment. Analyzing results from two different factory halls, it is concluded that energy arrives at the receiver in clusters, which motivates the use of a classical multi-cluster model to describe the channel impulse response. Parts of the results from this paper were also used as input to the channel model in the IEEE 802.15.4a UWB standardization work. In summary, the work within this thesis leads to an increased understanding of the behavior of wireless propagation channels for MIMO and UWB systems. By providing three detailed simulation models, two for MIMO and one for UWB, it can thus contribute to a more efficient design of the wireless communications systems of tomorrow.
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| 16. |
- Kåredal, Johan, et al.
(author)
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Shadowing effects in MIMO channels for personal area networks
- 2006
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In: [Host publication title missing]. - 1550-2252. ; , s. 173-177
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper we analyze the effects of body shadowing in multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) channels used for personal area networks (PANs). We give physical reasoning to why PANs may experience two different types of shadowing, and to support our argument, we present results from a measurement campaign for three different PAN channels with human influence. The campaign is performed using different types of multi-element antenna devices; an access point, a body-worn device and two hand-held devices, conducted over a series of distances between 1-10 m. For each distance, a number of channel realizations are obtained by moving the antenna devices over a small area, and by rotating the persons holding the devices. The results show that it is suitable to distinguish between body shadowing (due to the rotation of the person holding the device) and shadowing due to surrounding objects (lateral movement). We also present a statistical model where the two types of shadowing are described as separate log-normal processes. Furthermore, we find that body shadowing has a big influence on the capacity of the investigated PAN channels. © 2006 IEEE.
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| 17. |
- Molisch, Andreas, et al.
(author)
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A comprehensive model for ultrawideband propagation channels
- 2005
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In: [Host publication title missing]. - 0780394143 ; 6, s. 3648-3653
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper describes a comprehensive statistical model for UWB propagation channels that is valid for a frequency range from 3-10 GHz. It is based on measurements and simulations in the following environments: residential indoor, office indoor, built-up outdoor, industrial indoor, farm environments, and body area networks. The model is independent of the used antennas. It includes the frequency dependence of the pathloss, as well as several generalizations of the Saleh-Valenzuela model, like mixed Poisson times of arrival and delay dependent cluster decay constants. The model can thus be used for realistic performance assessment of UWB systems. It was accepted by the IEEE 802.15.4a working group (WG) as standard model for evaluation of UWB system proposals.
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| 18. |
- Molisch, Andreas, et al.
(author)
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A comprehensive standardized model for ultrawideband propagation channels
- 2006
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In: IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation. - 0018-926X. ; 54:11, s. 3151-3166
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A comprehensive statistical model is described for ultrawideband (UWB) propagation channels that is valid for a frequency range from 3-10 GHz. It is based on measurements and simulations in the following environments: residential indoor, office indoor, builtup outdoor, industrial indoor, farm environments, and body area networks. The model is independent of the used antennas. It includes the frequency dependence of the path gain as well as several generalizations of the Saleh-Valenzuela model, like mixed Poisson times of arrival and delay-dependent cluster decay constants. A separate model is specified for the frequency range below 1 GHz. The model can thus be used for realistic performance assessment of UWB systems. It was accepted by the IEEE 802.15.4a Task Group as standard model for evaluation of UWB system proposals. This paper also presents a critical assessment of the applicability of the model and possible generalizations and improvements.
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| 19. |
- Molisch, Andreas, et al.
(author)
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A Survey on Vehicle-to-Vehicle Propagation Channels
- 2009
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In: IEEE Communications Magazine. - 0163-6804. ; 16:6, s. 12-22
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Traffic telematics applications are currently under intense research and development for making transportation safer, more efficient, and more environmentally friendly. Reliable traffic telematics applications and services require vehicle-to-vehicle wireless communications that can provide robust connectivity, typically at data rates between 1 and 10 Mb/s. The development of such VTV communications systems and standards require, in turn, accurate models for the VTV propagation channel. A key characteristic of VTV channels is their temporal variability and inherent non-stationarity, which has major impact on data packet transmission reliability and latency. This article provides an overview of existing VTV channel measurement campaigns in a variety of important environments, and the channel characteristics (such as delay spreads and Doppler spreads) therein. We also describe the most commonly used channel modeling approaches for VTV channels: statistical as well as geometry-based channel models have been developed based on measurements and intuitive insights. Extensive references are provided.
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| 20. |
- Molisch, Andreas, et al.
(author)
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Propagation aspects of vehicle-to-vehicle communications - an overview
- 2009
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In: [Host publication title missing]. ; , s. 179-182
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Vehicle-to-vehicle (VTV) wireless communications have many envisioned applications in traffic safety, congestion avoidance, etc., but the development of suitable communications systems and standards requires accurate models for the VTV propagation channel. This paper provides an overview of existing VTV channel measurement campaigns, describing the most important environments, and the delay spread and Doppler spreads obtained in them. Statistical as well as geometry-based channel models have been developed based on measurements and intuitive insights. A key characteristic of VTV channels is the nonstationarity of their statistics, which has major impact on the system performance. Extensive references are provided.
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