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Sökning: WFRF:(Kaiser Matthias J.)

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11.
  • Kaiser, Matthias J., et al. (författare)
  • Frequency of Malnutrition in Older Adults : A Multinational Perspective Using the Mini Nutritional Assessment
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Journal of The American Geriatrics Society. - : Wiley. - 0002-8614 .- 1532-5415. ; 58:9, s. 1734-1738
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVES To provide pooled data on the prevalence of malnutrition in elderly people as evaluated using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). DESIGN Retrospective pooled analysis of previously published datasets. SETTING Hospital, rehabilitation, nursing home, community. PARTICIPANTS Four thousand five hundred seven people (75.2% female) with a mean age of 82.3. MEASUREMENTS The prevalence of malnutrition in the combined database and in the four settings was examined. RESULTS Twenty-four data sets with information on full MNA classification from researchers from 12 countries were submitted. In the combined database, the prevalence of malnutrition was 22.8%, with considerable differences between the settings (rehabilitation, 50.5%; hospital, 38.7%; nursing home, 13.8%; community, 5.8%). In the combined database, the "at risk" group had a prevalence of 46.2%. Consequently, approximately two-thirds of study participants were at nutritional risk or malnourished. CONCLUSION The MNA has gained worldwide acceptance and shows a high prevalence of malnutrition in different settings, except for the community. Because of its specific geriatric focus, the MNA should be recommended as the basis for nutritional evaluation in older people.
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12.
  • Kaiser, Sebastian, et al. (författare)
  • Does Cluster Encapsulation Inhibit Sintering? Stabilization of Size-Selected Pt Clusters on Fe3O4(001) by SMSI
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: ACS Catalysis. - 2155-5435. ; 13:9, s. 6203-6213
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The metastability of supported metal nanoparticles limits their application in heterogeneous catalysis at elevated temperatures due to their tendency to sinter. One strategy to overcome these thermodynamic limits on reducible oxide supports is encapsulation via strong metal-support interaction (SMSI). While annealing-induced encapsulation is a well-explored phenomenon for extended nanoparticles, it is as yet unknown whether the same mechanisms hold for subnanometer clusters, where concomitant sintering and alloying might play a significant role. In this article, we explore the encapsulation and stability of size-selected Pt5, Pt10, and Pt19 clusters deposited on Fe3O4(001). In a multimodal approach using temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), we demonstrate that SMSI indeed leads to the formation of a defective, FeO-like conglomerate encapsulating the clusters. By stepwise annealing up to 1023 K, we observe the succession of encapsulation, cluster coalescence, and Ostwald ripening, resulting in square-shaped crystalline Pt particles, independent of the initial cluster size. The respective sintering onset temperatures scale with the cluster footprint and thus size. Remarkably, while small encapsulated clusters can still diffuse as a whole, atom detachment and thus Ostwald ripening are successfully suppressed up to 823 K, i.e., 200 K above the Hüttig temperature that indicates the thermodynamic stability limit.
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