| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Kjellgren, Karin I, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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Learning to learn and learning to teach — Introduction to studies in higher education
- 2008
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Ingår i: Medical Teacher. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0142-159X .- 1466-187X. ; 30:8, s. 239-245
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: How students are introduced to their studies will affect the quality of learning. This project deals with tools for lifelong learning to increase students' awareness of learning how to learn. In parallel to an introductory course for students, a course for teachers was given with a focus on tutoring students. Aims: To evaluate an interprofessional transition course for first-year health science students, the LearnAble project, and a teachers' course aiming to support students to be successful in their learning. Method: The project was followed up by a computer-based course evaluation, reflective journals, the Learning Process Questionnaire and the Approaches to Teaching Inventory. The questionnaires were distributed before and after the courses. Teachers (n = 31) and students (n = 270) in two courses from different health educations participated. Results: Students' approaches to the course and to learning could be described as technical/reproductive, seeking for an identity or as reflective/transformative. The evaluation indicates that a deep approach to the studies among the students was related to higher age and female gender. Teachers with earlier pedagogical education supported students more in the attempts to question their own understanding. Conclusion: The most obvious result was the positive impact of being a tutor for a group of students in parallel to studying pedagogy.
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| 13. |
- Kjellgren, Karin I, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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Lära för att lära och undervisa
- 2005
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Ingår i: Utvecklingskonferensen för högre utbildning,16 - 18 November 2005, Karlstad..
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Konferensbidrag (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 14. |
- Kjellgren, Karin I, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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Optimizing adherence to hypertension treatment through a mobile phone-based self-report system
- 2012
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Ingår i: 5th Geneva Conference on Person-centered Medicine.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Nearly a third of all adults treated for hypertension have uncontrolled blood pressure (BP). Poor adherence to prescribed antihypertensive medications has been identified as one of the major contributors to uncontrolled BP. As individuals perform their own cost-benefit analyses in choosing to take medications as prescribed, a major challenge for healthcare is to help and support them in making informed decisions. Providing direct and personal feedback about how their medication and lifestyle behaviors affect their BP, hypertension-related symptoms and general wellbeing may help in this endeavour. The overall aim of our research program is to design and examine if a mobile phone-based self-report system, in combination with internet feedback can improve treatment and contribute to increased adherence, and in turn alleviate symptoms and improve wellbeing. Focus group interviews with persons with hypertension, as well as physicians, nurses and pharmacists were conducted to ascertain significant determinants of adherence. Both hypertensive persons and health providers considered regular monitoring of BP and symptoms to be of critical importance. Based on the interviews, a brief protocol was developed for mobile phone-based self-report of home-measured BP, medication intake, symptoms, lifestyle behaviors, etc. An internet graphical feedback system was designed to enable both the hypertensive persons and health providers to freely explore relationships of BP and hypertension symptoms with medication intake, lifestyle behaviors, etc. The value of this system in improving adherence is currently being evaluated in a pilot study.
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| 15. |
- Adolfsson, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Betyg i högre utbildning
- 2016
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- SUHF:s arbetsgrupp för betygsfrågor har varit verksam under perioden 1 mars 2014 – 31 december 2015. Uppdraget har varit att undersöka behovet av betygssystem med fler betygs-steg i högskolan mot bakgrund av den konkurrenssituation som en internationaliserad utbildnings- och arbetsmarknad medför. Uppdraget har också varit att sprida erfarenheter kring flergradiga betygsskalor inkluderande både nationella erfarenheter och exempel från andra europeiska länder. Arbetsgruppen har också uppmanats att föreslå rekommendationer om betygssystem till SUHF:s medlemslärosäten. Arbetsgruppen har främst inhämtat underlag genom intervjuer, en enkät till lärosätena och Ladok-statistik omfattande drygt tre miljoner betygssättningar som renderat godkända betyg över en period av tre år. Resultatet av utredningen visar att svenska lärosäten har en stark tradition av målrelaterad betygssättning som samtliga involverade i utredningen upplever som positiv och viktig att bevara, oavsett antal grader i betygsskalan. Gruppens arbete bekräftar att det finns olika problem med de svenska betygssystemen ur ett internationaliseringsperspektiv. Det går dock inte att säga att det finns någon tydlig samsyn mellan lärosätena om exakt vilka dessa problem är eller hur stora de anses vara. Det är svårt att entydigt koppla problemen till valet av betygsskala. Det finns också andra faktorer för valet av betygsskala som verkar väga minst lika tungt som internationaliseringsperspektivet och som gör att lärosäten inte inför betygsskalor med fler grader. Utredningen visar vidare att flera olika betygssystem används i svensk högskola och heterogeniteten framträder som betydande, såväl mellan lärosäten som inom ett lärosäte. Det finns starka ämnesmässiga traditioner och god argumentation kring enskilda lärosätens val av skala men nationellt saknas det gemensamma ramar för betygssättning, samordning och uppföljning. Huvudsakligen används fortfarande fågradiga betygsskalor i Sverige men 43% av alla betyg sätts numera i betygsskalor med minst tre godkända betygssteg. Ett antal lärosäten har de senaste tio åren gått över till en sjugradig skala för all utbildning eller för viss utbildning som riktar sig till en internationell målgrupp. Under perioden 2011−2014 är A–F-skalan den enda betygsskala som ökat i omfattning medan exempelvis användningen av G–U-skalan minskat med 18,5 %. Att ha en flergradig betygsskala ses som positivt ur flera aspekter: det underlättar internationellt studentutbyte, det kommunicerar tydligare utbildnings-resultaten och är ett bättre instrument för urval för både vidare utbildning och rekrytering på arbetsmarknaden. Flergradiga betyg ställer höga krav på tydliga betygskriterier och genom-tänkta pedagogiska metoder för målrelaterad bedömning. Flera av de problem som rapporten påvisar skulle kunna lösas genom att en gemensam nationell flergradig betygsskala implementerades. I nuläget bedömer arbetsgruppen dock inte att det är realistiskt att rekommendera detta. De svenska lärosätena använder flera olika betygsskalor. De problem fågradiga betyg kan skapa för internationellt studentutbyte verkar upp-vägas av andra värden för många lärosäten. Ett relativt stort antal lärosäten har redan valt att införa en sjugradig betygsskala för utbildning med internationell inriktning. Ett önskemål som lyfts fram i flera enkätsvar och intervjuer är att ett meritvärde eller betyg för hel utbildning, motsvarande grade point average (GPA) införs. GPA upplevs fungera väl för internationell jämförelse. Ladok-statistiken visar på skillnader mellan lärosätena i användningen av betygsskalorna som – åtminstone i avsaknad av fördjupat underlag – ter sig anmärkningsvärt stora. Dessa skillnader bör ses mot bakgrund av att betygssättning är myndighetsutövning och att betyg är ett myndighetsbeslut som studenterna inte kan överklaga. Undersökningen visar på stora skillnader i betygsfördelningen mellan olika betygsskalor även då antalet steg är identiska (5-U respektive AB-U). Det gäller även inom en och samma betygsskala såväl mellan lärosäten som inom lärosäten. Andelen studenter som exempelvis får högsta betyg kan skilja stort. Stickprov inom lärosäten visar på samma variationer i betygssättningen mellan olika kurser. Det finns också en genusskillnad, dock liten. En bättre uppföljning med årlig betygsstatistik kunde införas, dels för alla lärosäten för att ge en nationell överblick och nationella betygsutfall för varje betygsskala, dels för vissa specifika ämnesområden för att kunna jämföra betygsutfall t ex i större utbildningsprogram som ges vid många lärosäten, såsom juristprogrammet, ingenjörsutbildning, lärarutbildning, psykologutbildning, ekonomiutbildning, socionomutbildning. Sådant underlag skulle stimulera till utveckling av examination och bedömning inom högskolan. Arbetsgruppen föreslår därför att.....
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| 16. |
- Aminoff, Ulla Britt, et al.
(författare)
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The nurse--a resource in hypertension care.
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of advanced nursing. - : Wiley. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 35:4, s. 582-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM OF THE STUDY: To explore the content and structure of communication between patient and nurse at follow-up appointments concerning hypertension. BACKGROUND: Hypertension is a chronic condition and calls for co-operation between health care providers and patients over a long period of time. One important purpose of the follow-up consultations is to transfer knowledge between patients and health care providers in order to empower patients. This is an important determinant of the quality of care. DESIGN/METHODS: The study was based on 20 audio-recordings of actual follow-up appointments and was approved by ethics committees. The consultations took place at four different health care units for hypertensive patients. FINDINGS: The average length of consultations was 18 minutes. In the consultations, patients initiated an average of eight new topics and nurses an average of 20. All nurses talked with patients about life style. Compared with previous studies of follow-ups with physicians, consultations with nurses addressed lifestyle factors and adherence to treatment to a higher degree. It was also observed that patients were more actively involved in interaction with nurses compared with the follow-ups with physicians. CONCLUSIONS: Active patient participation in care is a critical factor in improving adherence to treatment. It would be of value to develop and assess a more patient-centred organization of hypertension care and thereby more individualized hypertension treatment. Nurses may have a pivot role in such care.
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| 17. |
- Andersson, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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Associations between daily home blood pressure measurements and self-reports of lifestyle and symptoms in primary care: the PERHIT study
- 2024
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Ingår i: SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 0281-3432 .- 1502-7724.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective To explore in a primary care setting the associations between patients' daily self-measured blood pressure (BP) during eight weeks and concurrent self-reported values of wellbeing, lifestyle, symptoms, and medication intake. We also explore these associations for men and women separately. Design and setting The study is a secondary post-hoc analysis of the randomised controlled trial PERson-centeredness in Hypertension management using Information Technology (PERHIT). The trial was conducted in primary health care in four regions in Southern Sweden. Patients Participants (n = 454) in the intervention group in the PERHIT-trial used an interactive web-based system for self-management of hypertension for eight consecutive weeks. Each evening, participants reported in the system their wellbeing, lifestyle, symptoms, and medication adherence as well as their self-measured BP and heart rate. Main outcome measures Association between self-reported BP and 10 self-report lifestyle-related variables. Results Self-reported less stress and higher wellbeing were similarly associated with BP, with 1.0 mmHg lower systolic BP and 0.6/0.4 mmHg lower diastolic BP (p < 0.001). Adherence to medication had the greatest impact on BP levels (5.2/2.6 mmHg, p < 0.001). Restlessness and headache were also significantly associated with BP, but to a lesser extent. Physical activity was only significantly associated with BP levels for men, but not for women. Conclusion In hypertension management, it may be important to identify patients with high-stress levels and low wellbeing. The association between medication intake and BP was obvious, thus stressing the importance of medication adherence for patients with hypertension.
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| 18. |
- Andersson, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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Patients and Professionals as Partners in Hypertension Care: Qualitative Substudy of a Randomized Controlled Trial Using an Interactive Web-Based System Via Mobile Phone
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Internet Research. - : JMIR Publications Inc.. - 1438-8871. ; 23:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The use of technology has the potential to support the patient´s active participation regarding treatment of hypertension. This might lead to changes in the roles of the patient and health care professional and affect the partnership between them. Objective: The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the partnership between patients and health care professionals and the roles of patients and professionals in hypertension management when using an interactive web-based system for self-management of hypertension via the patient’s own mobile phone. Methods: Focus group interviews were conducted with 22 patients and 15 professionals participating in a randomized controlled trial in Sweden aimed at lowering blood pressure (BP) using an interactive web-based system via mobile phones. The interviews were audiorecorded and transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Three themes were identified: the technology, the patient, and the professional. The technology enabled documentation of BP treatment, mainly for sharing knowledge between the patient and the professional. The patients gained increased knowledge of BP values and their relation to daily activities and treatment. They were able to narrate about their BP treatment and take a greater responsibility, inspired by new insights and motivation for lifestyle changes. Based on the patient’s understanding of hypertension, professionals could use the system as an educational tool and some found new ways of communicating BP treatment with patients. Some reservations were raised about using the system, that it might be too time-consuming to function in clinical practice and that too much measuring could result in stress for the patient and an increased workload for the professionals. In addition, not all professionals and patients had adopted the instructions regarding the use of the system, resulting in less realization of its potential. Conclusions: The use of the system led to the patients taking on a more active role in their BP treatment, becoming more of an expert of their BP. When using the system as intended, the professionals experienced it as a useful resource for communication regarding BP and lifestyle. Patients and professionals described a consultation on more equal grounds. The use of technology in hypertension management can promote a constructive and person-centered partnership between patient and professional. However, implementation of a new way of working should bring benefits and not be considered a burden for the professionals. To establish a successful partnership, both the patient and the professional need to be motivated toward a new way of working.
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| 19. |
- Andersson, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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PERson-centredness in Hypertension management using Information Technology: a randomized controlled trial in primary care
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of hypertension. - : LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. - 1473-5598 .- 0263-6352. ; 41:2, s. 246-253
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To increase the proportion of individuals with hypertension obtaining a blood pressure (BP) of less than 140/90mmHg by improving the management of hypertension in daily life from a person-centred perspective. METHODS: In this unblinded randomized controlled trial, we tested an interactive web-based self-management system for hypertension. A total of 949 patients with hypertension from 31 primary healthcare centres (PHCCs) in Sweden were randomized 1:1 to either the intervention or usual care group. The intervention included daily measurement - via the participant's mobile phone - of BP and pulse and reports of well being, symptoms, lifestyle, medication intake and side effects for eight consecutive weeks. It also included reminders and optional motivational messages. The primary outcome was the proportion of participants obtaining BP of less than 140/90mmHg at 8 weeks and 12months. Significance was tested by Pearson's chi 2 -test. RESULTS: A total of 862 patients completed the trial, 442 in the intervention group and 420 in the control group. The primary outcome (BP <140/90mmHg) at 8 weeks was achieved by 48.8% in the intervention group and 39.9% in the control group ( P =0.006). At 12months, 47.1% (intervention) and 41.0% (control group) had a BP less than 140/90mmHg ( P =0.071). CONCLUSION: The proportion of participants with a controlled BP of less than 140/90mmHg increased after using the interactive system for self-management of hypertension for 8 weeks compared with usual care. Although the trend continued, there was no significant difference after 12months. The results indicate that the effect of the intervention is significant, but the long-term effect is uncertain. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03554382).
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| 20. |
- Aronsson, Patrik, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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The understanding of core pharmacological concepts among health care students in their final semester
- 2015
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Ingår i: BMC Medical Education. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6920. ; 15 (1)
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Background: The overall aim of the study was to explore health care students ́ understanding of core concepts in pharmacology. Method: An interview study was conducted among twelve students in their final semester of the medical program (n = 4), the nursing program (n = 4), and the specialist nursing program in primary health care (n = 4) from two Swedish universities. The participants were individually presented with two pharmacological clinically relevant written patient cases, which they were to analyze and propose a solution to. Participants were allowed to use the Swedish national drug formulary. Immediately thereafter the students were interviewed about their assessments. The interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. A thematic analysis was used to identify units of meaning in each interview. The units were organized into three clusters: pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and drug interactions. Subsequent procedure consisted of scoring the quality of students ́ understanding of core concepts. Non-parametric statistics were employed. Results: The study participants were in general able to define pharmacological concepts, but showed less ability to discuss the meaning of the concepts in depth and to implement these in a clinical context. The participants found it easier to grasp concepts related to pharmacodynamics than pharmacokinetics and drug interactions. Conclusion: These results indicate that education aiming to prepare future health care professionals for understanding of more complex pharmacological reasoning and decision-making needs to be more focused and effective.
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