| 11. |
- Bruun, Laila, et al.
(författare)
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Increase in percent free prostate-specific antigen in men with chronic kidney disease.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2385. ; 24:4, s. 1238-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) occurs in different molecular forms in serum: free PSA (fPSA) and complexed PSA (cPSA), the sum of which corresponds to total PSA (tPSA). In addition to tPSA, percent fPSA is widely used in the detection of prostate cancer. Free PSA, approximately 28 kDa, is eliminated by glomerular filtration. Previous data showed that men with end-stage renal dysfunction requiring chronic dialysis have increased percent fPSA. In this study, we evaluated whether moderate-to-severe chronic renal dysfunction, but with no need for dialysis, also importantly affects percent fPSA. METHODS: The study group consisted of 101 men (median age 57 years, interquartile range 46-68) with chronic kidney disease and no diagnosis of prostate cancer. Their median glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was 23 mL/min/1.73 m(2) (interquartile range 16-33; range 8-83), determined by iohexol clearance. Controls included 5264 men (median age 57 years, interquartile range 54-62) attending a prostate cancer screening program with no diagnosis of prostate cancer during 8 years of follow-up. RESULTS: With adjustment for age, median fPSA levels and percent fPSA were significantly higher (P < 0.001) in patients with renal dysfunction, 0.45 microg/L and 47.2%, respectively, compared to controls, 0.29 microg/L and 29.9%, respectively. Regression analysis in the study group showed a significant association between GFR and percent fPSA (P = 0.036). CONCLUSIONS: The percent fPSA is importantly influenced by moderately impaired renal function in men with chronic kidney disease. For such men, use of the current clinical decision limits for percent fPSA could cause some men with prostate cancer to be misdiagnosed as having benign disease, and therefore fPSA should not be used to diagnose prostate cancer in these patients.
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| 12. |
- Ceder, Yvonne, et al.
(författare)
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Expression of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and human glandular kallikrein 2 (hK2) in ileum and other extraprostatic tissues
- 2005
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 113:2, s. 290-297
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a widely used marker for prostate cancer. In the literature, there are reports of nonprostatic expression of PSA that potentially can affect early diagnosis. However, the results are scattered and inconclusive, which motivated us to conduct a more comprehensive study of the tissue distribution of PSA and the closely related protein human glandular kallikrein 2 (hK2). RT-PCR, in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry were used to detect expression of both PSA and hK2 in secretory epithelial cells of trachea, thyroid gland, mammary gland, salivary gland, jejunum, ileum, epididymis, seminal vesicle and urethra, as well as in Leydig cells, pancreatic exocrine glands and epidermis. Immunometric measurements revealed that the concentration of PSA in nonprostatic tissues represents less than 1% of the amount in normal prostate. Pronounced expression of PSA was detected in the Paneth cells in ileum, which prompted us to compare functional parameters of PSA in ileum and prostate. We found that in homogenates from these 2 tissues, PSA manifested equivalent amidolytic activity and capacity to form complexes with protease inhibitors in blood in vitro. Thus, PSA released from sources other than the prostate may add to the plasma pool of this protein, but given the lower levels detected from those sites, it is unlikely that nonprostatic PSA normally can interfere with the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Nevertheless, this risk should not be neglected as it may be of clinical significance under certain circumstances. Supplementary material for this article can be found on the International Journal of Cancer website at http://www.interscience.wiley.com/jpages/0020-7136/ suppmat/index.htmi.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Cronberg, Tobias, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term neurological outcome after cardiac arrest and therapeutic hypothermia.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Resuscitation. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-1570 .- 0300-9572. ; 80, s. 1119-1123
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM OF THE STUDY: To analyse the neurological status of survivors after cardiac arrest (CA) treated with hypothermia. METHODS: We prospectively included all patients with CA treated with hypothermia at intensive care units (ICU) in two university hospitals and one regional hospital. All adult survivors at 6 months after CA, n=48, were invited for neurological follow-up and 43 accepted. History, clinical status, ability testing and questionnaires were administered to screen for difficulties, including Assessment of Motor and Process Skills, Neurobehavioral Cognitive Status Examination, Frontal Lobe Assessment Battery, EQ-VAS quality of life scale, Skåne Sleep Index, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Rating Scale, Self-reported Montgomery and Astrand Depression Rating Scale, Global Deterioration Scale, Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test, and the Cerebral Performance Categories (CPC). RESULTS: No patient was found to be in a chronic vegetative state and all patients were living at home, one with extensive help. Thirty-six patients were in CPC1 at follow-up, and some degree of neurological sequelae was found in 40 patients, but was mild in all but 3. Three patients had no subjective complaints, nor could any deficits be detected. Initial defects improved over-time. Short-term memory loss, executive frontal lobe dysfunction along with mild depression and sleep rhythm disturbances were the most common findings. CONCLUSIONS: Mild cognitive impairment is common following hypothermia-treated cardiac arrest but has little effect on activities of daily living or quality of life.
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| 16. |
- Danila, DC, et al.
(författare)
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Circulating Tumor Cell Number and Prognosis in Progressive Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
- 2007
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Ingår i: Clinical Cancer Research. - 1078-0432. ; 13:23, s. 7053-7058
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The development of tumor-specific markers to select targeted therapies and to assess clinical outcome remains a significant area of unmet need. We evaluated the association of baseline circulating tumor cell (CTC) number with clinical characteristics and survival in patients with castrate metastatic disease considered for different hormonal and cytotoxic therapies. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: CTC were isolated by immunomagnetic capture from 7.5-mL samples of blood from 120 patients with progressive clinical castrate metastatic disease. We estimated the probability of survival over time by the Kaplan-Meier method. The concordance probability estimate was used to gauge the discriminatory strength of the informative prognostic factors. RESULTS: Sixty-nine (57%) patients had five or more CTC whereas 30 (25%) had two cells or less. Higher CTC numbers were observed in patients with bone metastases relative to those with soft tissue disease and in patients who had received prior cytotoxic chemotherapy relative to those who had not. CTC counts were modestly correlated to measurements of tumor burden such as prostate-specific antigen and bone scan index, reflecting the percentage of boney skeleton involved with tumor. Baseline CTC number was strongly associated with survival, without a threshold effect, which increased further when baseline prostate-specific antigen and albumin were included. CONCLUSIONS: Baseline CTC was predictive of survival, with no threshold effect. The shedding of cells into the circulation represents an intrinsic property of the tumor, distinct from extent of disease, and provides unique information relative to prognosis.
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| 17. |
- Finnskog, David, et al.
(författare)
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High-speed biomarker identification utilizing porous silicon nanovial arrays and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry
- 2006
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Ingår i: Electrophoresis. - : Wiley. - 0173-0835 .- 1522-2683. ; 27:5-6, s. 1093-1103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Speed and accuracy are crucial prerequisites in the application of proteomic methods to clinical medicine. We describe a microfluidic-based nanovial array for rapid proteolytic processing linked to MALDI-TOF MS. This microscale format consumes only minute amounts of sample, and it is compatible with rapid bioanalytical protocols and high-sensitivity readouts. Arrays of vials (300 mu m in diameter and 25 mu m deep), isotropically etched in silicon wafers were electrochemically porosified. Automated picoliter microdispensing was employed for precise fluid handling in the microarray format. Vials were prefilled with trypsin solution, which was allowed to dry. Porosified and nonporosified nanovials were compared for trypsin digestion and subsequent MS identification of three model proteins: lysozyme, alcohol dehydrogenase, and serum albumin at levels of 100 and 20 fmol. In an effort to assess the rapid digestion platform in a context of putative clinical applications, two prostate cancer biomarkers, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and human glandular kallikrein 2 (hK2), were digested at levels of 100 fmol (PSA), 20 fmol (PSA) and 8 fmol (hK2). All biomarker digestions were completed in less than 30 s, with successful MS identification in the porous nanovial setting.
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| 18. |
- Friede, Hans, 1938, et al.
(författare)
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Maxillary dental arch and occlusion in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate treated with different delays in closure of the hard palate after early velar repair.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of plastic and reconstructive surgery and hand surgery / Nordisk plastikkirurgisk forening [and] Nordisk klubb for handkirurgi. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0284-4311. ; 40:5, s. 261-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We wanted to find out if growth of the maxilla in 26 patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) was adversely affected by having the residual cleft of the hard palate repaired earlier than had been done previously in a 2-stage palatal closure protocol. The ages at repair of the hard palate of the present patients ranged from 38 to 89 months. Dental casts from ages about 3 years (before any repair of the hard palate), 5, 7, and 10 years of age were analysed. The results indicated that earlier repair of the cleft in the hard palate did not influence maxillary growth differently from the later repair.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Grenabo Bergdahl, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Risk of Dying From Prostate Cancer in Men Randomized to Screening Differences Between Attendees and Nonattendees
- 2009
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Ingår i: Cancer. - : Wiley. - 1097-0142 .- 0008-543X. ; 115:24, s. 5672-5679
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Although the true benefits and disadvantages of prostate cancer screening are still not known, the analysis of fatal cases is important for increasing knowledge of the effects of prostate cancer screening on mortality. Who dies from prostate cancer despite participation in a population-based prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening program? METHODS: From the Goteborg branch of the European Randomized study of Screening for Prostate Cancer, 10,000 men randomly assigned to active PSA-screening every second year formed the basis of the present study. Prostate cancer mortality was attributed to whether the men were attendees in the screening program (attending at least once) or nonattendees. RESULTS: Thirty-nine men died from prostate cancer during the first 13 years. Both overall (34% vs 13 %; P <.0001) and cancer-specific mortality (0.8% vs 0.3 %; P < .005) were found to be significantly higher among nonattendees compared with attendees. Furthermore, the majority of deaths (12 of 18) among screening attendees were in men diagnosed at first screening (prevalent cases). Only 6 deaths (including 3 interval cases) were noted among men complying with the biennial screening program. CONCLUSIONS: Nonattendees in prostate cancer screening constitute a high-risk group for both death from prostate cancer and death from other causes comparable to that described in other cancer screening programs. Cancer 2009;115:5672-9. (C) 2009 American Cancer Society.
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