| 11. |
- Landberg, Tommy, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Heredity of Salix tolerance to heavy metals
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The study of heredity is potentially useful for understanding heavy metal properties and for practical application in breeding plants with optimal heavy metal traits for use in, for example, phytoremediation. The aim of this study was to investigate the heritability of the tolerance, uptake, translocation, and accumulation of cadmium, copper, and zinc in Salix viminalis. Seventy-seven clones of S. viminalis with known relationships grouped in 31 sibling groups (2–4 siblings per group) were investigated. Plants were cultivated hydroponically under controlled conditions and treated with different concentrations of Cd, Cu, or Zn. Tolerance, uptake, and accumulation in shoots and roots and translocation from roots to shoots of Cd, Cu, or Zn were analysed. Narrow-sense heritability (h2) was calculated based on the additive genetic and phenotypic variance of all studied traits for each metal. For all measured traits, each trait indicated an additive genetic component in the phenotypic variation, meaning that there is a heritable component. The heritability varied among the different measured traits, being lowest for metal translocation from roots to shoots (h2 = 0.20) and highest for metal accumulation and tolerance in roots (up to h2 = 0.73). These heritability values indicate the potential to breed for the investigated traits.
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| 12. |
- Landberg, Tommy, et al.
(författare)
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Interclonal variation of heavy metal interactions inSalix viminalis
- 2002
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Ingår i: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. - : Wiley. - 0730-7268 .- 1552-8618. ; 21:12, s. 2669-2674
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the complex chemistry of soil, interactions between metals can be expected and these affect the uptake of the metals by the plants. The role of the metal–metal interaction may vary between different plants. This study was performed to investigate if variations exist in the interactions between Cd, Cu, and Zn on toxicity and accumulation of these metals in different clones of Salix viminalis. Two studies were performed. First, to study interaction at uptake, 10 clones with high or low accumulation capacity of Cd, Cu, and Zn, respectively, were treated with 0.3 μM Cd, 0.1 μM Cu, and 3 μM Zn (all three metals at the same time or separately). Second, to study the effect of one of the metals on the sensitivity of the plant to the other metals, three clones with high or low sensitivity to each of the three metals were used in a modified Weibull analysis. Examination of the results shows that interclonal variation exists in effects of metal interaction on metal accumulation and sensitivity exists. The uptake experiment showed that accumulation of Cu was decreased by the other metals, but only in clones with high Cu-accumulating properties because of decreased net uptake of Cu. The accumulation of Zn in roots was increased two- to threefold in all clones in the presence of the other metals because of a decreased translocation of Zn to the shoot. The accumulation of Cd was not changed by the presence of the other metals in any of the clones. The second experiment showed that the effect of interactions between the different metals on metal toxicity was present in all clones but appeared most frequently in the clone with high Zn resistance. Synergistic effects between Cu and Zn in the Zn-resistant clone suggested that this clone had evolved an additional site of toxic action that was absent in the other clones.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Landberg, Tommy, et al.
(författare)
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No phytochelatin (PC2 and PC3) detected in Salix viminalis
- 2004
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Ingår i: Physiologia Plantarum. - : Wiley. - 0031-9317 .- 1399-3054. ; 121:3, s. 481-487
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Phytochelatins (PCs) have been detected in a large range of plant species, but their role in heavy-metal tolerance is unclear. Various clones of Salix viminalis are differently tolerant to heavy metals, and the aim of this work was to investigate whether PCs were differently expressed in tolerant compared with sensitive clones. In a long-term study, five clones with high or low metal tolerance were cultivated 21 days without or with Cd (1 or 10 µM), Cu (0.3 or 7 µM), Ni (15 µM), Pb (7 µM) or Zn (10 or 100 µM). Controls were further used in a short-term study where Cd (1 µM) was added and samples were collected 0, 15 and 30 min, 1, 3 and 24 h after start of treatment. PCs were analysed on high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using two different methods: post-column derivatization using Ellmans reagent and pre-derivatization with monobromobimane. Thlaspi caerulescens treated with Cd was used as internal PC standard. No PCs could be detected in Salix with either of the two methods in any of the treatments: different clones, metals, concentrations, plant parts or treatment time. The 16 thiol peaks shown were the same in both control and treated plants. Both HPLC methods showed PC peaks when Thlaspi was used but these peaks could not be associated with any of the 16 peaks. The amino acid composition of the 16 peaks was not the expected composition of that of PCs. Thus, Salix viminalis have no detectable levels of PCs, which in turn are not involved in heavy metal tolerance in Salix
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Landberg, Tommy, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Phytoremediation Using Willow in Industrial Contaminated Soil
- 2022
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Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. ; 14:14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In our previous work, we used Salix viminalis in the field to decontaminate agricultural soils containing cadmium. Our aim in the current study was to determine whether S. viminalis could decrease the levels of heavy metals, arsenic, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in industrial soil at a former workshop site. The site was planted with S. viminalis cuttings in July 2003. Soil samples were collected yearly from 2005 to 2015 and analysed for heavy metals, arsenic, PCBs and PAHs. The results showed that 21% of chromium, 30% of arsenic, 54% of cadmium, 61% of zinc, 62% of copper, 63% of lead, 87% of nickel, 53% of PCBs and up to 73% of PAHs were removed from the soil after 10 years of S. viminalis treatment. After just 1 year of Salix cultivation, a significant decrease was observed in most of the contaminants in the soil. The reduction in contaminants was linear at first but slowed down after a few years. The number of years prior to a slow-down in rate of removal differed between the contaminants. This study concludes that S. viminalis can be used for the phytoremediation of contaminated industrial soil and that the rate of decontamination differs between substances.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Landberg, Tommy, et al.
(författare)
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Strategies of cadmium and zinc resistance in willow by regulation of net accumulation
- 2011
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Ingår i: Biologia plantarum. - : Institute of Experimental Botany. - 0006-3134 .- 1573-8264. ; 55:1, s. 133-140
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work was performed to find out if metal resistant clones of Salix viminalis L. are capable to achieve high resistance to the metals by regulating their net accumulation. Salix clones with low or high resistance in combination with low or high accumulation capacity of either Zn or Cd were cultivated from cuttings in nutrient solution. The investigation included leakage and uptake experiments using (65)Zn or (109)Cd and analysis of root cation exchange capacity (CEC). Some plants were pre-treated with unlabeled 0.5 mu M Cd or 2.5 mu M Zn 24 h prior to the experiments to induce possible tolerance mechanisms. To find out if the regulation was a metabolic process, experiments were also performed with 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP). Clones with high resistance and low Cd accumulation had higher efflux of Cd compared to the other clones, in both untreated and Cd pre-treated plants. This indicates a constitutive property to lower Cd accumulation by high Cd leakage. Pre-treatment with 0.5 mu M Cd diminished the Cd net uptake to a level near zero in all clones, likely to be due to decreased the Cd uptake. In contrast, resistant clones with high Cd accumulation had the highest root CEC, which may be used to bind up Cd in the free space. No clear regulation of Zn net uptake was found in Zn-resistant clones. Pre-treatment with Zn decreased the uptake of Zn into the free space in Zn-resistant clones. The resistant high-accumulating clones, however, showed the highest leakage of Zn in both untreated and pre-treated plants, a constitutive process not related to high accumulation. Neither the influx nor the efflux of Cd or Zn was affected by DNP indicating passive transport across the plasma membrane.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
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