| 11. |
- Ngoc, Nguyen Bich, et al.
(författare)
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Observations of Magnetic Fields Surrounding LkH alpha 101 Taken by the BISTRO Survey with JCMT-POL-2
- 2021
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 1538-4357 .- 0004-637X. ; 908:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the first high spatial resolution measurement of magnetic fields surrounding LkH alpha 101, part of the Auriga-California molecular cloud. The observations were taken with the POL-2 polarimeter on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope within the framework of the B-fields In Star-forming Region Observations (BISTRO) survey. Observed polarization of thermal dust emission at 850 mu m is found to be mostly associated with the redshifted gas component of the cloud. The magnetic field displays a relatively complex morphology. Two variants of the Davis-Chandrasekhar-Fermi method, unsharp masking and structure function, are used to calculate the strength of magnetic fields in the plane of the sky, yielding a similar result of B-POS similar to 115 mu G. The mass-to-magnetic-flux ratio in critical value units, lambda similar to 0.3, is the smallest among the values obtained for other regions surveyed by POL-2. This implies that the LkH alpha 101 region is subcritical, and the magnetic field is strong enough to prevent gravitational collapse. The inferred delta B/B-0 similar to 0.3 implies that the large-scale component of the magnetic field dominates the turbulent one. The variation of the polarization fraction with total emission intensity can be fitted by a power law with an index of alpha = 0.82 0.03, which lies in the range previously reported for molecular clouds. We find that the polarization fraction decreases rapidly with proximity to the only early B star (LkH alpha 101) in the region. Magnetic field tangling and the joint effect of grain alignment and rotational disruption by radiative torques can potentially explain such a decreasing trend.
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| 12. |
- Palmerini, Tullio, et al.
(författare)
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Risk-Benefit of 1-Year DAPT After DES Implantation in Patients Stratified by Bleeding and Ischemic Risk.
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of the American College of Cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1558-3597 .- 0735-1097. ; 78:20, s. 1968-1986
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although a 1-year duration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) is used in many patients after drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation, the evidence supporting this duration is uncertain.The authors investigated the risk-benefit profile of 1-year vs≤6-month DAPT after DES using 2 novel scores to risk stratify bleeding and ischemic events.Ischemic and bleeding risk scores were generated from ADAPT-DES (Assessment of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy With Drug-Eluting Stents), a multicenter, international, "all-comers" registry that enrolled 8,665 patients treated with DES. The risk-benefit profile of 1-year vs≤6-month DAPT was then investigated across risk strata from an individual patient data pooled dataset of 7 randomized trials that enrolled 15,083 patients treated with DES.In the derivation cohort, the ischemic score and the bleeding score had c-indexes of 0.76 and 0.66, respectively, and both were well calibrated. In the pooled dataset, no significant difference was apparent in any ischemic endpoint between 1-year and≤6-month DAPT, regardless of the risk strata. In the overall dataset, there was no significant difference in the risk of clinically relevant bleeding between 1-year and≤6-month DAPT; however, among 2,508 patients at increased risk of bleeding, 1-year compared with≤6-month DAPT was associated with greater bleeding (HR: 2.80; 95%CI: 1.12-7.13) without a reduced risk of ischemic events in any risk strata, including those with acute coronary syndromes. These results were consistent in a network meta-analysis.In the present large-scale study, compared with≤6-month DAPT, a 1-year duration of DAPT was not associated with reduced adverse ischemic events in any risk strata (including acute coronary syndromes) but was associated with greater bleeding in patients at increased risk of bleeding.
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| 13. |
- Prabowo, Bayu, et al.
(författare)
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CO2–steam mixture for direct and indirect gasification of rice straw in a downdraft gasifier : Laboratory-scale experiments and performance prediction
- 2014
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Ingår i: Applied Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0306-2619 .- 1872-9118. ; 113, s. 670-679
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explored the feasibility of CO2 as alternative gasifying agent of steam to obtain higher thermal efficiency in biomass gasification. The effect of the gasifying agent on gas evolution and thermal efficiency was examined by using a lab scale downdraft gasifier. The results were also compared with the output of pyrolysis with N2. The reaction atmosphere in indirect and direct gasification was simulated by carrying out the experiments without and with O2 presence. The reaction conditions were varied in the temperature range from 750 °C to 950 °C by changing the CO2 molar fraction in gasifying agent to the ratio of 0, 30 and 60 vol.% in balance with steam. 40 vol.% of N2 fraction was kept during O2 free experiments, while 31.7 vol.% of N2 and 8.3 vol.% O2 were kept during the experiments with the presence of O2. At all examined condition, gasification yielded more combustible gas than pyrolysis. Furthermore, high CO2 fraction in gasifying agent generally resulted in low H2 yield and high CO yield. These substitutions mostly lowered the energy yield of the producer gas, but in the other hand also reduced the preheating energy of gasifying agent. Thus, optimizations of these changes were investigated for gaining highest thermal efficiency of the gasification process. Highest thermal efficiency of the process without O2 was 52% under N2 (40 vol.%)–CO2 (60 vol.%) atmosphere at the temperature of 850 °C. For the process with O2, where the part of gasifying agent preheating energy supplied by the biomass partial combustion, the highest thermal efficiency was 60% under the CO2 (60 vol.%)–O2 (8.3 vol.%)–N2 (31.7 vol.%) atmosphere at the temperature of 950 °C. CO2 utilization as a gasifying agent potentially increases the thermal efficiency of biomass conversion process compared with pyrolysis or conventional indirect and direct gasification, i.e. pure-steam gasification and O2–steam gasification.
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| 14. |
- Suzuki, Hironori, et al.
(författare)
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Small Extracellular Vesicles from adipose-derived stem cells suppress cell proliferation by delivering the let-7 family of microRNAs in ovarian cancer
- 2023
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Ingår i: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. - 0006-291X. ; 680, s. 211-219
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death among women with gynecological cancer, and novel treatment options are urgently needed. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, may be one of the most promising therapeutic tools for various diseases. In this study, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of adipose-derived stem cell-derived EVs (ADSC-EVs) on ovarian cancer cell lines. Materials and methods: ADSCs and the ovarian cancer cell lines SKOV3 and OV90 were used for analysis. ADSC-EVs were isolated through ultracentrifugation and validated using a cryotransmission electron microscope, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and western blotting. Then, the effect of ADSC-EVs on ovarian cancer cells was investigated using IncuCyte and microRNA sequencing. Moreover, the potential functions of miRNAs were evaluated by gain-of function analysis and in silico analysis. Results: ADSC-EVs suppressed SKOV3 and OV90 cell proliferation. In particular, small EVs (sEVs) from ADSCs exhibited a stronger antitumor effect than ADSC-medium/large EVs (m/lEVs). Comparison of the miRNA profiles between ADSC-sEVs and ADSC-m/lEVs, along with downstream pathway analysis, suggested the involvement of the let-7 family. Overexpression of hsa-let-7b-5p and hsa-let-7e-5p significantly suppressed the proliferation of SKOV3 cells. In silico analysis revealed that four potential target genes of hsa-let-7b-5p and hsa-let-7e-5p were significantly associated with the prognoses of the patients. Conclusion: ADSC-sEVs had a stronger antitumor effect than ADSC-m/lEVs. Hsa-let-7b-5p and hsa-let-7e-5p, which are highly abundant in ADSC-sEVs, suppressed cell proliferation. These findings may open up new possibilities for therapeutic approaches using ADSC-sEVs.
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| 15. |
- Tahani, Mehrnoosh, et al.
(författare)
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JCMT BISTRO Observations: Magnetic Field Morphology of Bubbles Associated with NGC 6334
- 2023
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 1538-4357 .- 0004-637X. ; 944:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study the Hii regions associated with the NGC 6334 molecular cloud observed in the submillimeter and taken as part of the B-fields In STar-forming Region Observations Survey. In particular, we investigate the polarization patterns and magnetic field morphologies associated with these Hii regions. Through polarization pattern and pressure calculation analyses, several of these bubbles indicate that the gas and magnetic field lines have been pushed away from the bubble, toward an almost tangential (to the bubble) magnetic field morphology. In the densest part of NGC 6334, where the magnetic field morphology is similar to an hourglass, the polarization observations do not exhibit observable impact from Hii regions. We detect two nested radial polarization patterns in a bubble to the south of NGC 6334 that correspond to the previously observed bipolar structure in this bubble. Finally, using the results of this study, we present steps (incorporating computer vision; circular Hough transform) that can be used in future studies to identify bubbles that have physically impacted magnetic field lines.
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| 16. |
- Wen, Wanqing, et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide association studies in East Asians identify new loci for waist-hip ratio and waist circumference
- 2016
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sixty genetic loci associated with abdominal obesity, measured by waist circumference (WC) and waist-hip ratio (WHR), have been previously identified, primarily from studies conducted in Europeanancestry populations. We conducted a meta-analysis of associations of abdominal obesity with approximately 2.5 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among 53,052 (for WC) and 48,312 (for WHR) individuals of Asian descent, and replicated 33 selected SNPs among 3,762 to 17,110 additional individuals. We identified four novel loci near the EFEMP1, ADAMTSL3, CNPY2, and GNAS genes that were associated with WC after adjustment for body mass index (BMI); two loci near the NID2 and HLA-DRB5 genes associated with WHR after adjustment for BMI, and three loci near the CEP120, TSC22D2, and SLC22A2 genes associated with WC without adjustment for BMI. Functional enrichment analyses revealed enrichment of corticotropin-releasing hormone signaling, GNRH signaling, and/or CDK5 signaling pathways for those newly-identified loci. Our study provides additional insight on genetic contribution to abdominal obesity.
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