| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Furuhjelm, Jörgen, 1969-
(författare)
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Incorporating the end-of-life aspect into product development : analysis and a systematic approach
- 2000
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- It is evident that we face a major challenge to overcome the environmental problems associated with our consumption and production systems. The rate at which products flow through our society is steadily increasing and this leads to serious consequences in the form of accelerating depletion of the earth's resources and generation of enormous amounts of waste. This fact is being paid increasing attention and recent developments of legislation together with a growing market awareness have brought incentives to take the end-of-life aspect into account right from the product development stage. There is thus an industrial need to enhance knowledge on how cost-efficient and environmentally sound treatment of discarded product could be facilitated through design measures.This thesis provides an analysis and a systematic approach concerning how the end-of-life aspect could be incorporated during product development. The systematic approach has been created by the author and is mainly based on input from case studies at ABB Motors, Nokia and Ericsson. The approach functions in the thesis as a guiding structure for a comprehensive analysis of how an effective and efficient incorporation could be achieved, leading to products that facilitate cost-efficient recycling. In its normative character the approach aims at applicability in companies that want to improve their products' design from an environmental as well as a market perspective. In applying the approach as a normative tool the company is advised to follow a working structure made up of four steps; 1.) Analysing relevant areas, 2.) Deriving product demands for each area, 3.) Establishing a final list of product demands and 4.) Providing support for product development.The areas seen as relevant to pay attention to in Step 1 are the market demand related to the end-of-life phase, the take-back legislation currently being implemented and the products' end-of-life system. Applying the approach, the company should detern1ine how the product design could be improved leading to increased market potential, compliance with the legislative demands and cost-efficient end-of-life treatment. Effective design targets should then be established through a synthesis of the demands derived from each area. The fourth step of the approach deals with the actual integration of the end-of-life aspect in relevant product development activities. The thesis then analyses how, on the basis of the established product demands, the end-of-life aspects could be efficiently incorporated. For example, it is discussed how end-of-life-related demands could be included in the design specifications and the end-of-life aspect incorporated into the project management systems.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Gulliksen, Jan, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Making a difference : a survey of the usability profession in Sweden
- 2004
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the third Nordic conference on Human-computer interaction. - New York : ACM Press. - 1581138571 ; , s. 207-215
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Poor usability in interactive systems/products is still a major problem for users and buyers, despite efforts made by an increasing number of usability professionals. How come this is so and what are the main obstacles to usability work? In this paper we report the results of a survey of usability professionals in Sweden, conducted in 2003. The survey identified, e.g. their background and experiences, the type of employment, organization, and products/systems, the software development process being used and some key success factors for usability work. The results indicate, among other things, that management support and project management support are essential for the usability worker. Moreover, they face problems such as, usability and user involvement having low priority in the projects.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Götherström, Ulla-Christel, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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A comparative study of text telephone and videophone relay services
- 2004
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Ingår i: Technology and Disability. - 1055-4181. ; 16:2, s. 101-109
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to compare text telephone relay service and videophone relay service. The target group was people borne deaf. The following aspects were investigated: (1) socioeconomic costs, (2) costs of different actors, (3) qualitative aspects of the services, (4) outcomes (intermediate effects and quality of life). The study was longitudinal and measurements were made at three occasions. Data collection was made by post-mailed questionnaires. Of the 41 respondents, 16 persons had access to the text telephone relay service only and 25 persons had access to text telephone relay service supplemented with videophone relay service. The ratings of the quality of the services and the outcomes were significantly higher for videophone relay service than for text telephone relay service (at a 95%-level). The incremental cost was approximately SEK 40 000, or EUR 4 510 (1 EUR = 8.87 SEK, as of 31 December 2000) higher per person and year for the group with access to both text telephone relay service and videophone relay service compared with the group with access to text telephone relay service only.
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| 20. |
- Götherström, Ulla-Christel, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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A socioeconomic model for evaluation of postal and telecommunication services for disabled persons
- 2004
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Ingår i: Technology and Disability. - 1055-4181. ; 16:2, s. 91-99
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Swedish National Post and Telecom Agency provides services in the postal and telecommunication area for disabled persons. The text telephone relay service, videophone relay service, free directory enquiries and extended rural postal service are aimed for various groups of persons with disabilities. The aim of this study was to develop a socioeconomic model for assessing such telecommunication services for disabled persons. The model development included the WHO Classification ICIDH-2 and ICF, literature review, reference panel opinions, expert opinions and pilot studies. The developed model encompasses quality of the services, costs and outcomes. The quality of the services refers to quality in structure and process. Costs for different actors are included, e.g. the user, family members, county councils, local authorities and the government. Outcomes of the services refer to intermediate outcomes (direct communicative outcomes) and generic outcomes (quality of life). The socioeconomic model is general and is applicable to different rehabilitation interventions.
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