| 11. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2015
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 12. |
- Ahmad, T., et al.
(författare)
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Frequency and outcomes of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus in patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction
- 2020
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Ingår i: Medical Forum Monthly. - : Medical Forum Monthly. - 1029-385X. ; 31:12, s. 3-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To find out frequency and outcomes of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus in patients presenting with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Study Design: Descriptive / Cross-Sectional Study Place and Duration of study: This study was conducted at the Cardiology Department, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar from November 2018 to May 2019. Materials and Methods: Patient of either gender having age ranging between 30-75 years old with acute STEMI who present within 12 hours of symptoms and with no past history of documented diabetes mellitus were included in the study. Venous blood samples for laboratory data, including random blood sugar, two fasting blood sugar and HBA1c using hitachi modular evo p800 machine was done. Results: A total of 158 patients having acute STEMI were studied. Males were 68.4% (n=108).The mean age was 59.65 ±10.80 years. Frequency of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus was 31.64 % (n = 50). In non-diabetics stress hyperglycemia was found in 51.85 % (n=56) patients. Among various types of STEMI, anterior STEMI was more common presentation 34.1 % (n=54. p= 0.85). Mean HBA1C was 6.19 ± 1.87%. Frequency of Ventricular tachycardia (VT) was 22.2 % in which undiagnosed diabetics were n=18 (p=0.004).Ventricular fibrillation was present in 13.3 % patients with undiagnosed diabetics were n=14 (p=0.001). Frequency of AF was 13.9% (n=22) with undiagnosed diabetics having AF in n=13 (p=0.003). SVT was present in 5.7% (n=9) patients with not significant difference between two groups (p=0.017). Among various mechanical complications VSR was present in 10 % (n=16) of patients (p=0.001), cardiogenic shock in 11.1 % (n=18) patients (p=0.004), acute LVF was present in 15.8 % patients (p=0.017). Conclusion: In our study we concluded that one third of patients having acute ST elevation myocardial infarction have undiagnosed diabetes mellitus (31.64 %, n = 50). The most common complication was ventricular tachycardia among electrical complication and LVF among mechanical complication.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Ahmad, T, et al.
(författare)
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Skeletal changes in type-2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats.
- 2003
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Ingår i: The Journal of endocrinology. - : Bioscientifica. - 0022-0795 .- 1479-6805. ; 178:1, s. 111-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We characterized appendicular and axial bones in rats with type-2 diabetes in five female Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats, a strain developed from the Wistar rat showing spontaneous type-2 diabetes, and five age- and sex-matched non-diabetic Wistar rats. The humerus, tibia, metatarsals and vertebral bodies were analysed by peripheral quantitative computerized tomography (pQCT). In diabetic rats, the height of the vertebral bodies and length of the humerus were decreased while the length of the metatarsals was increased. A decreased cross-sectional area was found in the vertebral end-plate region and the tibial metaphysis. Notably, the diaphysis in all long bones showed expansion of periosteal and endosteal circumference. In tibia this resulted in increased cortical thickness, whereas in humerus and metatarsal it was unchanged. Areal moment of inertia was increased in all diaphyses suggesting greater bending strength. The most conspicuous finding in diabetic rats pertained to trabecular osteopenia. Thus, trabecular bone mineral density was significantly reduced in all bones examined, by 33-53%. Our pQCT study of axial and appendicular bones suggests that the typical feature of diabetic osteopathy in the GK rat is loss of trabecular bone and expansion of the diaphysis. The loss of metaphyseal trabecular bone if also present in diabetic patients may prove to underlie the susceptibility to periarticular fracture and Charcot arthropathy. The findings suggest that the risk of fracture in diabetes varies according to the specific sub-regions of a bone. The approach described may prove to be useful in the early detection of osteopathy in diabetic patients who may be amenable to preventive treatment.
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| 15. |
- Chen, Jie, et al.
(författare)
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Sedentary lifestyle, physical activity, and gastrointestinal diseases : evidence from mendelian randomization analysis
- 2024
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Ingår i: EBioMedicine. - : Elsevier. - 2352-3964. ; 103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The causal associations of physical activity and sedentary behavior with the risk of gastrointestinal disease are unclear. We performed a Mendelian randomization analysis to examine these associations.Methods: Genetic instruments associated with leisure screen time (LST, an indicator of a sedentary lifestyle) and moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) at the genome-wide significance (P < 5 x 10-8) level were selected from a genome-wide association study. Summary statistics for gastrointestinal diseases were obtained from the UK Biobank study, the FinnGen study, and large consortia. Multivariable MR analyses were conducted for genetically determined LST with adjustment for MVPA and vice versa. We also performed multivariable MR with adjustment for genetically proxied smoking, body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio, type 2 diabetes, and fasting insulin for both exposures.Findings: Genetically proxied longer LST was associated with an increased risk of gastrointestinal reflux, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, chronic gastritis, irritable bowel syndrome, diverticular disease, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, alcoholic liver disease, cholangitis, cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, and acute appendicitis. Most associations remained after adjustment for genetic liability to MVPA. Genetic liability to MVPA was associated with decreased risk of gastroesophageal reflux, gastric ulcer, chronic gastritis, irritable bowel syndrome, cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, acute and chronic pancreatitis. The associations attenuated albeit directionally remained after adjusting for genetically predicted LST. Multivariable MR analysis found that BMI and type 2 diabetes mediated the associations of LST and MVPA with several gastrointestinal diseases.Interpretation: The study suggests that a sedentary lifestyle may play a causal role in the development of many gastrointestinal diseases.
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| 16. |
- Clarin, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Hållbar konsumtion av jordbruksvaror : Hur påverkas klimat och miljö av olika matvanor?
- 2009
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Vilka livsmedel man väljer att konsumera har stor betydelse för klimat och miljö. Genom att välja mellan olika livsmedel kan konsumenterna påverka hur mycket växthusgaser och vilken mängd växtnäring som förloras på vägen från jord till bord. Syftet med den här rapporten är att genom hypotetiska konsumtionsscenarier visa hur konsumenters val är avgörande för miljöpåverkan. De analyser av olika livsmedels klimatpåverkan som presenteras i rapporten har utförts av Institutet för Livsmedel och Bioteknik AB (SIK) på uppdrag av Jordbruksverket.Om hela Sveriges befolkning helt slutade äta nöt,- lamm-, kyckling- och griskött skulle utsläppen av växthusgaser från invånarnas totala konsumtion minska med tio procent. Det är i synnerhet idisslande djur, det vill säga nötkreatur och får, som har en negativ påverkan på klimatet. Samtidigt finns det ett starkt och viktigt samspel mellan dessa djurslag och andra miljömål. Betande djur är till exempel en förutsättning för att bevara vissa landskapsmiljöer och de växt- och djurarter som lever där. Nötkött orsakar drygt fem procent av befolkningens totala utsläpp.Om hela Sveriges befolkning skulle sluta att slänga bort livsmedel och äta lagom mycket skulle den totala konsumtionens växthusgasutsläpp minska med cirka sex procent. Denna minskning beror huvudsakligen på minskad köttkonsumtion men också på minskad konsumtion av läsk, godis och snacks som har förhållandevis stora klimatpåverkande utsläpp. En återhållsam konsumtion av alla livsmedel ger således en potentiell utsläppsminskning som storleksmässigt har samma effekt på klimatet som en kostförändring där alla Sveriges invånare ersätter nötkött med kött av gris och kyckling. Odlingslandskapet och den biologiska mångfalden skulle dock kunna påverkas.Att äta frukt och grönt efter svensk odlingssäsong är bättre ur klimatsynpunkt än att äta importerade frukter och grönsaker, men effekten på totala klimatpåverkande utsläpp är jämförelsevis liten. En minskning av växthusgasutsläppen skulle också uppnås om konsumtionen av ris ersattes med potatis eller vetebaserade produkter. Dessa ändrade konsumtionsmönster skulle kunna innebära en tillväxt i svensk frukt- och grönsaksproduktion men också medföra att miljöbelastning, i form av övergödning och spridning av växtskyddsmedel flyttar till Sverige från de länder som idag exporterar dessa produkter till oss.Det är inte självklart att det är bättre ur klimatsynpunkt att välja närodlade livsmedel istället för ”fjärrodlade”. Till att börja med måste man definiera vad närodlade livsmedel är. Likaså är det inte alltid självklart att ekologiskt producerade livsmedel är mer klimatvänliga än konventionella. Det finns studier som visar att ekologisk produktion ger mindre eller lika stora klimatpåverkan som konventionell produktion. Däremot gynnar ofta ekologisk produktion biologisk mångfald och bidrar till en giftfri miljö. En produkts totala klimat- och miljöpåverkan beror på alla produktionsled, från jord till bord.Trots att varje individs enskilda konsumtion bara har en ytterst liten påverkan på globala konsumtionsmönster är den förändring som görs av en individ ändå en förändring. Om många ändrar sina konsumtionsmönster kan miljökonsekvenserna minska, men om ingen förändrar sin konsumtion kommer miljöpåverkan oundvikligen att växa.
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| 17. |
- De Vries, Bouke
(författare)
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Should higher-income countries pay their citizens to move to foreign care homes?
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Ethics. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 0306-6800 .- 1473-4257. ; 47:10, s. 684-688
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Faced with relatively old and ageing populations, a growing number of higher-income countries are struggling to provide affordable and decent care to their older citizens. This contribution proposes a new policy for dealing with this challenge. Under certain conditions, I argue that states should pay their citizens to move to foreign care homes in order to ease the pressure on domestic care institutions. This is the case if—but not necessarily only if—(1) a significant proportion of resident citizens do not currently have access to adequate aged and nursing care; (2) the care in the foreign care homes is not worse than the one that is available in domestic care homes; (3) sending states conduct regular checks to ascertain that the level of care abroad is not worse or delegate this task to reliable local monitoring bodies; (4) appropriate measures have been taken to ensure that this type of migration does not harm local residents; and (5) the public money spent on the payments is not better spent on other ways of easing the pressure on domestic care institutions. I end by defending the proposed payments against the objection that they create morally problematic inequalities by exerting greater pressure on members of lower socioeconomic classes to migrate than on their more affluent compatriots.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Liu, Chen, et al.
(författare)
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Establishment of Proximity-Dependent Biotinylation Approaches in Different Plant Model Systems([OPEN])
- 2020
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Ingår i: Plant Cell. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1040-4651 .- 1532-298X. ; 32, s. 3388-3407
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Proximity labeling is a powerful approach for detecting protein-protein interactions. Most proximity labeling techniques use a promiscuous biotin ligase or a peroxidase fused to a protein of interest, enabling the covalent biotin labeling of proteins and subsequent capture and identification of interacting and neighboring proteins without the need for the protein complex to remain intact. To date, only a few studies have reported on the use of proximity labeling in plants. Here, we present the results of a systematic study applying a variety of biotin-based proximity labeling approaches in several plant systems using various conditions and bait proteins. We show that TurboID is the most promiscuous variant in several plant model systems and establish protocols that combine mass spectrometry-based analysis with harsh extraction and washing conditions. We demonstrate the applicability of TurboID in capturing membrane-associated protein interactomes using Lotus japonicus symbiotically active receptor kinases as a test case. We further benchmark the efficiency of various promiscuous biotin ligases in comparison with one-step affinity purification approaches. We identified both known and novel interactors of the endocytic TPLATE complex. We furthermore present a straightforward strategy to identify both nonbiotinylated and biotinylated peptides in a single experimental setup. Finally, we provide initial evidence that our approach has the potential to suggest structural information of protein complexes.A systematic study applying a variety of biotin-based proximity labeling approaches in several plant systems using various conditions and bait proteins.
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| 20. |
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