| 11. |
- Crump, Casey, et al.
(författare)
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Perinatal and Family Risk Factors for Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in Early Life: A Swedish National Cohort Study.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of the National Cancer Institute. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2105 .- 0027-8874. ; 104:12, s. 923-930
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in early life has increased in recent decades, but the relevant risk factors remain largely unknown. We examined perinatal and family risk factors for NHL in childhood through young adulthood. Methods: We conducted a national cohort study of 3 571 574 individuals born in Sweden in 1973-2008 who were followed for incidence of NHL through 2009 (ages 0-37 years). Detailed information on perinatal and family characteristics and NHL diagnoses were obtained from national birth and cancer registries. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between perinatal and family variables and NHL; P values are from two-sided tests. Results: There were 936 NHL case patients identified in 66.3 million person-years of follow-up. Independent risk factors for NHL included family history of NHL in either a sibling (adjusted HR = 9.84; 95% CI = 2.46 to 39.41; P = .001) or parent (adjusted HR = 2.36; 95% CI = 1.27 to 4.38; P = .007); high fetal growth (for ≥2 SDs relative to 0 to <1 SD from the mean: adjusted HR = 1.64; 95% CI = 1.19 to 2.25; P = .002); older maternal age (adjusted HR for each 5-year increment = 1.11; 95% CI = 1.04 to 1.19; P(trend) = .004); low birth order (adjusted HR for each increment of one birth = 0.91; 95% CI = 0.84 to 0.99; P(trend) = .02); and male sex (adjusted HR = 1.58; 95% CI = 1.38 to 1.80; P < .001). Male sex was associated with onset of NHL before 15 years of age but not with later-onset NHL, whereas the other risk factors did not vary by age at diagnosis. No association was found between gestational age at birth, twinning, paternal age, or parental education and NHL. Conclusion: In this large national cohort study, family history of NHL, high fetal growth, older maternal age, low birth order, and male sex were independent risk factors for NHL in early life.
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| 12. |
- Crump, Casey, et al.
(författare)
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Perinatal risk factors for acute myeloid leukemia
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-7284 .- 0393-2990. ; 30:12, s. 1277-1285
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Infectious etiologies have been hypothesized for acute leukemias because of their high incidence in early childhood, but have seldom been examined for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We conducted the first large cohort study to examine perinatal factors including season of birth, a proxy for perinatal infectious exposures, and risk of AML in childhood through young adulthood. A national cohort of 3,569,333 persons without Down syndrome who were born in Sweden in 1973-2008 were followed up for AML incidence through 2010 (maximum age 38 years). There were 315 AML cases in 69.7 million person-years of follow-up. We found a sinusoidal pattern in AML risk by season of birth (P < 0.001), with peak risk among persons born in winter. Relative to persons born in summer (June-August), incidence rate ratios for AML were 1.72 (95 % CI 1.25-2.38; P = 0.001) for winter (December-February), 1.37 (95 % CI 0.99-1.90; P = 0.06) for spring (March-May), and 1.27 (95 % CI 0.90-1.80; P = 0.17) for fall (September-November). Other risk factors for AML included high fetal growth, high gestational age at birth, and low maternal education level. These findings did not vary by sex or age at diagnosis. Sex, birth order, parental age, and parental country of birth were not associated with AML. In this large cohort study, birth in winter was associated with increased risk of AML in childhood through young adulthood, possibly related to immunologic effects of early infectious exposures compared with summer birth. These findings warrant further investigation of the role of seasonally varying perinatal exposures in the etiology of AML.
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| 13. |
- Crump, Casey, et al.
(författare)
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Perinatal risk factors for Wilms tumor in a Swedish national cohort
- 2014
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Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-7284 .- 0393-2990. ; 29:3, s. 191-197
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Perinatal risk factors including high birth weight have been associated with Wilms tumor in case-control studies. However, these findings have seldom been examined in large cohort studies, and the specific contributions of gestational age at birth and fetal growth remain unknown. We conducted the largest population-based cohort study to date consisting of 3,571,574 persons born in Sweden in 1973-2008, followed up for Wilms tumor incidence through 2009 to examine perinatal risk factors. There were 443 Wilms tumor cases identified in 66.3 million person-years of follow-up. After adjusting for gestational age and other perinatal factors, high fetal growth was associated with increased risk of Wilms tumor among girls (hazard ratio per 1 standard deviation (SD), 1.36; 95 % CI 1.20-1.54; P < 0.001), but not boys (1.10; 95 % CI 0.97-1.25; P = 0.14) (P (interaction) = 0.02). Among girls, high fetal growth was associated with disease onset before age 5 years (odds ratio per 1 SD, 1.47; 95 % CI 1.28-1.69; P < 0.001), but not beyond (1.00; 95 % CI 0.76-1.31; P = 0.99). No clear associations were found for gestational age at birth or other perinatal factors. In this large cohort study, high fetal growth was associated with Wilms tumor before age 5 years among girls. These findings suggest that early-life growth factor pathways for Wilms tumor may be more common among girls than boys. Further elucidation of these mechanisms may reveal better targets for prevention or treatment of specific subtypes of Wilms tumor.
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| 14. |
- Crump, Casey, et al.
(författare)
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Physical fitness among swedish military conscripts and long-term risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus a cohort study
- 2016
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Ingår i: Annals of Internal Medicine. - 0003-4819. ; 164:9, s. 577-584
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Early-life physical fitness has rarely been examined in relation to type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in adulthood because of the lengthy follow-up required. Elucidation of modifiable risk factors at young ages may help facilitate earlier and more effective interventions. Objective: To examine aerobic capacity and muscle strength at age 18 years in relation to risk for type 2 DM in adulthood. Design: National cohort study. Setting: Sweden. Participants: 1 534 425 military conscripts from 1969 to 1997 (97% to 98% of all men aged 18 years nationwide) without prior type 2 DM. Measurements: Aerobic capacity and muscle strength (measured in watts and newtons per kilogram of body weight, respectively) were examined in relation to type 2 DM identified from outpatient and inpatient diagnoses from 1987 to 2012 (maximum age, 62 years). Results: 34 008 men were diagnosed with type 2 DM in 39.4 million person-years of follow-up. Low aerobic capacity and muscle strength were independently associated with increased risk for type 2 DM. The absolute difference in cumulative incidence of type 2 DM between the lowest and highest tertiles of both aerobic capacity and strength was 0.22% at 20 years of follow-up (95% CI, 0.20% to 0.25%), 0.76% at 30 years (CI, 0.71% to 0.81%), and 3.97% at 40 years (CI, 3.87% to 4.06%). Overall, the combination of low aerobic capacity and muscle strength was associated with a 3-fold risk for type 2 DM(adjusted hazard ratio, 3.07 [CI, 2.88 to 3.27]; P <0.001), with a positive additive interaction (P <0.001). These associations were seen even among men with normal body mass index. Limitation: This cohort did not include women and did not measure physical fitness at older ages. Conclusion: In this large cohort of Swedish male military conscripts, low aerobic capacity and muscle strength at age 18 years were associated with increased long-term risk for type 2 DM, even among those with normal body mass index. Primary Funding Source: National Institutes of Health.
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| 15. |
- Crump, Casey, et al.
(författare)
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Pre-term delivery and long-term risk of heart failure in women : a national cohort and co-sibling study
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1522-9645 .- 0195-668X. ; 43:9, s. 895-904
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: Women who deliver pre-term have higher future risks of hypertension and ischaemic heart disease, but long-term risks of heart failure (HF) are unknown. We examined these risks in a large national cohort.METHODS AND RESULTS: All 2 201 284 women with a singleton delivery in Sweden during 1973-2015 were followed up for inpatient or outpatient HF diagnoses through 2015. Cox regression was used to compute hazard ratios (HRs) for HF associated with pregnancy duration, adjusting for other maternal factors. Co-sibling analyses assessed for confounding by shared familial (genetic and/or environmental) factors. In 48.2 million person-years of follow-up, 19 922 women were diagnosed with HF (median age: 60.7 years). Within 10 years after delivery, the adjusted HR was 2.96 [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.48-3.53] for HF associated with pre-term (gestational age: <37 weeks) compared with full-term (39-41 weeks) delivery. Stratified HRs were 4.27 (2.54-7.17) for extremely pre-term (22-27 weeks), 3.39 (2.57-4.48) for moderately pre-term (28-33 weeks), 2.70 (2.19-3.32) for late pre-term (34-36 weeks), and 1.70 (1.45-1.98) for early term (37-38 weeks). These HRs declined but remained elevated at 10-19 years (pre-term vs. full term: HR: 2.19; 95% CI: 1.94-2.46), 20-29 years (1.80; 1.67-1.95), and 30-43 years (1.56; 1.47-1.66) after delivery, and were not explained by shared familial factors.CONCLUSION: Pre-term and early term delivery were associated with markedly increased future hazards for HF, which persisted after adjusting for other maternal and familial factors and remained elevated 40 years later. Pre-term and early-term delivery should be recognized as risk factors for HF across the life course.KEY QUESTION: What are the long-term hazards for heart failure (HF) across the life course in women who deliver preterm?KEY FINDING: Preterm and early term delivery were associated with ∼3- and 1.7-fold adjusted hazards for HF in the next 10 years vs. full-term delivery. These hazards declined but remained elevated 40 years later, and were not explained by shared familial factors.TAKE HOME MESSAGE: Preterm and early term delivery were associated with increased future hazards for HF, which persisted for 40 years after adjusting for other maternal and familial factors. Preterm and early term delivery should be recognized as lifelong risk factors for HF.
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| 16. |
- Crump, Casey, et al.
(författare)
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Response to Lao, Guan, Wang, et al.
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of the National Cancer Institute. - 0027-8874. ; 116:5, s. 770-770
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 17. |
- Crump, Casey, et al.
(författare)
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Risk of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias in Persons with Glaucoma : A National Cohort Study
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Ingår i: Ophthalmology. - 0161-6420.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Glaucoma is a heterogeneous group of optic neuropathies that potentially may be associated with other cerebral neurodegenerative processes leading to dementia. However, prior studies have been inconsistent. We examined dementia risks after glaucoma diagnosis in a large population-based cohort. Design: National matched cohort study. Participants: A total of 324 730 persons diagnosed with glaucoma during 1995–2017 in Sweden and 3 247 300 age- and sex-matched population-based controls without prior dementia. Methods: Cox regression was used to compute hazard ratios (HRs) for Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia (VaD), and all-cause dementia in persons with glaucoma compared with controls, adjusting for sociodemographic factors and comorbidities. Main Outcome Measures: Alzheimer's disease, VaD, and all-cause dementia identified from nationwide inpatient and outpatient diagnoses through 2018. Results: In 16 million person-years of follow-up, 32 339 persons (10%) with glaucoma and 226 896 controls (7%) were diagnosed with dementia. Persons with glaucoma had increased risks for AD (adjusted HR, 1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.35–1.43), VaD (1.66; 1.61–1.72), and all-cause dementia (1.57; 1.54–1.59). Among glaucoma subtypes, both primary open-angle and normal-tension glaucoma were associated with increased risk for AD (adjusted HR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.27–1.36; and 1.28; 1.20–1.36, respectively) and VaD (1.61; 1.54–1.68; and 1.39; 1.28–1.50, respectively), whereas primary angle-closure glaucoma was associated with VaD (1.26; 1.02–1.56) but not AD (0.98; 0.82–1.18). These findings were similar in men and women. All risks were highest in persons diagnosed with glaucoma at ages ≥ 70 years and were not elevated for ages < 60 years. Conclusions: In this large national cohort, persons with glaucoma had increased risks for AD, VaD, and all-cause dementia, particularly those diagnosed with glaucoma at older ages. Persons with glaucoma may need increased monitoring for dementia to facilitate earlier detection and treatment. Financial Disclosure(s): The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.
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| 18. |
- Crump, Casey, et al.
(författare)
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Risks of alcohol and drug use disorders in prostate cancer survivors : a national cohort study
- 2023
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Ingår i: JNCI CANCER SPECTRUM. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2515-5091. ; 7:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Prostate cancer (PC) survivors may potentially use substances to cope with psychological distress or poorly controlled physical symptoms. Little is known, however, about the long-term risks of alcohol use disorder (AUD) or drug use disorders in men with PC.Methods: A national cohort study was conducted in Sweden of 180 189 men diagnosed with PC between 1998 and 2017 and 1 801 890 age-matched population-based control men. AUD and drug use disorders were ascertained from nationwide records through 2018. Cox regression was used to compute hazard ratios (HRs) while adjusting for sociodemographic factors and prior psychiatric disorders. Subanalyses examined differences by PC treatment from 2005 to 2017.Results: Men with high-risk PC had increased risks of both AUD (adjusted HR = 1.44, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.33 to 1.57) and drug use disorders (adjusted HR = 1.93, 95% CI = 1.67 to 2.24). Their AUD risk was highest in the first year and was no longer significantly elevated 5 years after PC diagnosis, whereas their drug use disorders risk remained elevated 10 years after PC diagnosis (adjusted HR = 2.26, 95% CI = 1.45 to 3.52), particularly opioid use disorder (adjusted HR = 3.07, 95% CI = 1.61 to 5.84). Those treated only with androgen-deprivation therapy had the highest risks of AUD (adjusted HR = 1.91, 95% CI = 1.62 to 2.25) and drug use disorders (adjusted HR = 2.23, 95% CI = 1.70 to 2.92). Low- or intermediate-risk PC was associated with modestly increased risks of AUD (adjusted HR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.30 to 1.46) and drug use disorders (adjusted HR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.06 to 1.34).Conclusions: In this large cohort, men with PC had significantly increased risks of both AUD and drug use disorders, especially those with high-risk PC and treated only with androgen-deprivation therapy. PC survivors need long-term psychosocial support and timely detection and treatment of AUD and drug use disorders.
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| 19. |
- Crump, Casey, et al.
(författare)
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Risks of Depression and Suicide After Diagnosis With Heart Failure : A National Cohort Study
- 2022
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Ingår i: JACC: Heart Failure. - : Elsevier BV. - 2213-1779. ; 10:11, s. 819-827
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Heart failure (HF) has been associated with psychosocial distress, but other long-term mental health sequelae are unclear. Objectives: In this study, the authors sought to determine risks of major depression and suicide, susceptible time periods, and sex-specific differences after HF diagnosis in a large population-based cohort. Methods: A national cohort study was conducted of all 154,572 persons diagnosed with HF at ages 18-75 years during 2002-2017 in Sweden and 1,545,720 age- and sex-matched population-based control subjects who were followed up for major depression and suicide ascertained from nationwide inpatient, outpatient, and death records through 2018. Poisson regression was used to compute incidence rate ratios (IRRs) while adjusting for sociodemographic factors and comorbidities. Results: HF was associated with increased risks of major depression and death by suicide in both men and women, with highest risks in the first 3 months, then declining to modest risks at ≥12 months after HF diagnosis. Within 3 months after HF diagnosis, adjusted IRRs for new-onset major depression were 3.34 (95% CI: 3.04-3.68) in men and 2.78 (95% CI: 2.51-3.09) in women, and for suicide death were 4.47 (95% CI: 2.62-7.62) in men and 2.82 (95% CI: 1.11-7.12) in women. These risks were elevated regardless of age at HF diagnosis. HF was associated with significantly more depression cases in women (P < 0.001). Conclusions: In this large national cohort, HF was associated with substantially increased risks of depression and suicide in men and women, with highest risks occurring within 3 months after HF diagnosis. Men and women with HF need timely detection and treatment of depression and suicidality.
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| 20. |
- Crump, Casey, et al.
(författare)
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Risks of depression, anxiety, and suicide in partners of men with prostate cancer : a national cohort study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of the National Cancer Institute. - 0027-8874. ; 116:5, s. 745-752
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: A diagnosis of prostate cancer (PC) may cause psychosocial distress not only in a man but also in his intimate partner. However, long-term risks of depression, anxiety, or suicide in partners of men with PC are largely unknown. Methods: A national cohort study was conducted of 121 530 partners of men diagnosed with PC during 1998-2017 and 1 093 304 population-based controls in Sweden. Major depression, anxiety disorder, and suicide death were ascertained through 2018. Cox regression was used to compute hazard ratios (HRs) while adjusting for sociodemographic factors. Results: Partners of men with high-risk PC had increased risks of major depression (adjusted HR ¼ 1.34, 95% confidence interval [CI] ¼ 1.30 to 1.39) and anxiety disorder (adjusted HR ¼ 1.25, 95% CI ¼ 1.20 to 1.30), which remained elevated 10 or more years later. Suicide death was increased in partners of men with distant metastases (adjusted HR ¼ 2.38, 95% CI ¼ 1.08 to 5.22) but not other high-risk PC (adjusted HR ¼1.14, 95% CI ¼ 0.70 to 1.88). Among partners of men with high-risk PC, risks of major depression and anxiety disorder were highest among those 80 years of age or older (adjusted HR ¼ 1.73; 95% CI ¼ 1.53 to 1.96; adjusted HR ¼ 1.70, 95% CI ¼ 1.47 to 1.96, respectively), whereas suicide death was highest among those younger than 60 years of age (adjusted HR ¼ 7.55, 95% CI ¼ 2.20 to 25.89). In contrast, partners of men with low- or intermediate-risk PC had modestly or no increased risks of these outcomes. Conclusions: In this large cohort, partners of men with high-risk PC had increased risks of major depression and anxiety disorder, which persisted for 10 or more years. Suicide death was increased 2-fold in partners of men with distant metastases. Partners as well as men with PC need psychosocial support and close follow-up for psychosocial distress.
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