| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Horikoshi, H., et al.
(author)
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Computer-aided diagnosis system for bone scintigrams from Japanese patients: importance of training database
- 2012
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In: Annals of Nuclear Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0914-7187 .- 1864-6433. ; 26:8, s. 622-626
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) software for bone scintigrams have recently been introduced as a clinical quality assurance tool. The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of two CAD systems, one based on a European and one on a Japanese training database, in a group of bone scans from Japanese patients. The two CAD software are trained to interpret bone scans using training databases consisting of bone scans with the desired interpretation, metastatic disease or not. One software was trained using 795 bone scans from European patients and the other with 904 bone scans from Japanese patients. The two CAD softwares were evaluated using the same group of 257 Japanese patients, who underwent bone scintigraphy because of suspected metastases of malignant tumors in 2009. The final diagnostic results made by clinicians were used as gold standard. The Japanese CAD software showed a higher specificity and accuracy compared to the European CAD software [81 vs. 57 % (p < 0.05) and 82 vs. 61 % (p < 0.05), respectively]. The sensitivity was 90 % for the Japanese CAD software and 83 % for the European CAD software (n.s). The CAD software trained with a Japanese database showed significantly higher performance than the corresponding CAD software trained with a European database for the analysis of bone scans from Japanese patients. These results could at least partly be caused by the physical differences between Japanese and European patients resulting in less influence of attenuation in Japanese patients and possible different judgement of count intensities of hot spots.
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| 14. |
- Kikuchi, A., et al.
(author)
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Automated segmentation of the skeleton in whole-body bone scans: influence of difference in atlas
- 2012
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In: Nuclear Medicine Communications. - 0143-3636. ; 33:9, s. 947-953
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aim Automated segmentation of the skeleton is the first step for quantitative analysis and computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) of whole-body bone scans. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of differences in skeletal atlas on the automated segmentation of skeletons in a Japanese patient group. Methods The study was based on a bone scan CAD system that included a skeletal atlas obtained using 10 normal bone scans from European patients and 23 normal bone scans from Japanese patients. These were incorporated into the CAD system. The performance of the skeletal segmentation, based on either the European or the Japanese Atlas, was evaluated independently by three observers in a group of 50 randomly selected bone scans from Japanese patients. Results The skeletal segmentation was classified as correct in 41-44 of the 50 cases by the three observers using the Japanese atlas. The corresponding results were 15-18 of the 50 cases using the European atlas, and this difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). The anatomical areas most commonly classified as not correct were the skull, cervical vertebrae, and ribs. Conclusion Automated segmentation of the skeleton in a Japanese patient group was more successful when the CAD system based on a Japanese atlas was used than when the corresponding system based on a European atlas was used. The results of this study indicate that it is of value to use a skeletal atlas based on normal Japanese bone scans in a CAD system for Japanese patients. Nucl Med Commun 33:947-953 (C) 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Lantz, M, et al.
(author)
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Migraine-related ischemic stroke?
- 2013
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In: Acta neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1600-0404 .- 0001-6314. ; 127:4, s. e18-e23
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Murdolo, G., et al.
(author)
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The Selective Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitor Tadalafil Induces Microvascular and Metabolic Effects in Type 2 Diabetic Postmenopausal Females
- 2013
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In: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 98:1, s. 245-254
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: The objective of the study was to explore the acute in vivo effects of the selective phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor tadalafil on local microcirculation and regional metabolism in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue (AT). Design, Setting, and Participants: We studied eight postmenopausal female patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and eight nondiabetic controls (Ctrl) in the postabsorptive state and 180 min after the administration of tadalafil 10 mg. Intramuscular and sc microdialysis were combined with measurements of forearm (FBF) and AT blood flow as well as with arterial and deep venous blood sampling. Muscle capillary recruitment, as ascertained by the permeability surface area product for glucose (PSglu), forearm glucose uptake (FGU), interstitial lactate, and glycerol concentrations, was measured. Results: When compared with Ctrl, T2D patients exhibited lower (P = 0.01) PSglu but similar FGU and FBF. After tadalafil, PSglu (P = 0.01) and muscle interstitial-arterial (I-A) lactate concentration gradient (P < 0.01) increased significantly in both groups, whereas FBF, FGU, and I-A glycerol remained unchanged. In AT, tadalafil did not significantly affect local blood flow, whereas the sc interstitial (I) lactate and I-A lactate concentrations increased (P < 0.01), and the I-A glycerol decreased in both groups. Finally, in multivariate analysis the PSglu was a strong and independent predictor of muscle glucose disposal (β: 0.737 and 0.963, P < 0.05, in Ctrl and T2D, respectively). Conclusions: Tadalafil emerges as an acutely acting modulator of microvascular recruitment and glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. We suggest that selective phosphodiesterase-5 blockade may provide a path forward to new therapeutics in the setting of insulin resistance.
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| 19. |
- Naitou, Y., et al.
(author)
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Characterization of ANITA and QMN Neutron Beams at TSL Using Proton Recoil Techniques
- 2011
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In: Journal of the Korean Physical Society. - : Korean Physical Society. - 0374-4884 .- 1976-8524. ; 59:2, s. 1439-1442
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Neutron beam characterization measurements have been carried out in both the AN:ITA and QMN modes using the incident proton beam of 180 MeV at the The Svedverg Laboratory (TSL) in Uppsala. The spectral neutron flux data have been obtained by measuring elastic np-scattering with the Medley setup. The experimental results in the ANITA and QMN modes are compared with an MCNPX simulation and with the systematics of QMN spectra, respectively.
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| 20. |
- Perrinjaquet, M, et al.
(author)
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MET signaling in GABAergic neuronal precursors of the medial ganglionic eminence restricts GDNF activity in cells that express GFRα1 and a new transmembrane receptor partner
- 2011
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In: Journal of cell science. - : The Company of Biologists. - 1477-9137 .- 0021-9533. ; 124:16Pt 16, s. 2797-2805
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- GDNF (glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor) promotes the differentiation and migration of GABAergic neuronal precursors of the medial ganglionic eminence (MGE). These functions are dependent on the GPI-anchored receptor GFRα1, but independent of its two known transmembrane receptor partners RET and NCAM. Here we show that soluble GFRα1 is also able to promote differentiation and migration of GABAergic MGE neurons. These activities require endogenous production of GDNF. Although GDNF responsiveness is abolished in Gfra1−/− neurons, it can be restored upon addition of soluble GFRα1, a result that is only compatible with the existence of a previously unknown transmembrane signaling partner for the GDNF-GFRα1 complex in GABAergic neurons. The roles of two candidate transmembrane receptors previously implicated in GABAergic interneuron development - MET, a receptor for hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and ErbB4, the neuregulin receptor – were examined. GDNF did not induce the activation of either receptor, nor did inhibition of MET or ErbB4 impair GDNF activity in GABAergic MGE neurons. Unexpectedly, however, inhibition of MET or HGF per se promoted neuronal differentiation and migration and enhanced the activity of GDNF on MGE neurons. These effects were dependent on endogenous GDNF and GFRα1, suggesting that MET signaling negatively regulates GDNF activity in the MGE. In agreement with this, Met mutant MGE neurons showed enhanced responses to GDNF and inhibition of MET or HGF increased Gfra1 mRNA expression in MGE cells. In vivo, expression of MET and GFRα1 overlapped in the MGE, and a loss-of-function mutation in Met increased Gfra1 expression in this region. Together, these observations demonstrate the existence of a novel transmembrane receptor partner for the GDNF–GFRα1 complex and uncover an unexpected interplay between GDNF–GFRα1 and HGF–MET signaling in the early diversification of cortical GABAergic interneuron subtypes.
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