| 11. |
- Herlitz, Johan, 1949, et al.
(författare)
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Characteristics and outcome in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest when patients are found in a non-shockable rhythm
- 2008
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Ingår i: Resuscitation. - : Elsevier BV. - 0300-9572 .- 1873-1570. ; 76:1, s. 31-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To define factors associated with an improved outcome among patients suffering out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) who were found in a non-shockable rhythm. PATIENTS: All the patients included in the Swedish OHCA registry between 1990 and 2005 in whom resuscitation was attempted, who were found in a non-shockable rhythm and where either the OHCA was witnessed by a bystander or was not witnessed. RESULTS: In all, 22,465 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Their mean age was 67 years, 32% were women, 57% were witnessed, 64% had a cardiac aetiology, 71% occurred at home and 34% received bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Survival to 1 month was 1.3%. The following were independently associated with an increased chance of survival: 1/Decreasing age, 2/Witnessed arrest, 3/Bystander CPR, 4/Cardiac arrest outside home, 5/Shorter ambulance response time and 6/Need for defibrillatory shock. If these six criteria were fulfilled (age and ambulance response time below the median), survival to 1 month increased to 12.6%. If no criteria were fulfilled, survival was 0.15%. CONCLUSION: The overall survival among patients with an OHCA found in a non-shockable rhythm is very low (1.3%). Six factors associated with survival can be defined. When they are taken into account, survival varies between 12.6 and 0.15%.
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| 12. |
- Herlitz, Johan, 1949, et al.
(författare)
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Factors associated with an increased chance of survival among patients suffering from an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in a national perspective in Sweden
- 2005
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Ingår i: Am Heart J. - St. Louis, Mo. : Elsevier BV. - 1097-6744 .- 0002-8703. ; 149:1, s. 61-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To describe factors associated with an increased chance of survival among patients suffering from an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Sweden. PATIENTS AND METHODS: All patients suffering from an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, which were not crew witnessed, in Sweden and in whom cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was attempted and who were registered in the Swedish Cardiac Arrest Registry. This registry covers about 85% of the Swedish population and has been running since 1990. RESULTS: In all, 33,453 patients, 71% of whom had a cardiac etiology, were included in the survey. The following were independent predictors for an increased chance of survival in order of magnitude: (1) patients found in ventricular fibrillation (odds ratio [OR] 5.3, 95% confidence limits [CL] 4.2-6.8), (2) the interval between call for and arrival of the ambulance less than or equal to the median (OR 3.6, 95% CL 2.9-4.6), (3) cardiac arrest occurred outside the home (OR 2.2, 95% CL 1.9-2.7), (4) cardiac arrest was witnessed (OR 2.0, 95% CL 1.6-2.7), (5) bystanders performing CPR before the arrival of the ambulance (OR 2.0, 95% CL 1.7-2.4), and (6) age less than or equal to the median (OR 1.6, 95% CL 1.4-2.0). When none of these factors were present, survival to 1 m was 0.4%; when all factors were present, survival was 23.8%. CONCLUSION: Among patients suffering from an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, which were not crew witnessed, in Sweden and in whom CPR was attempted, 6 factors for an increased chance of survival could be defined. These include (1) initial rhythm, (2) delay to arrival of the rescue team, (3) place of arrest, (4) witnessed status, (5) bystander CPR, and (6) age.
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| 13. |
- Herlitz, Johan, 1949, et al.
(författare)
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Major differences in 1-month survival between hospitals in Sweden among initial survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
- 2006
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Ingår i: Resuscitation. - : Elsevier BV. - 0300-9572 .- 1873-1570. ; 70:3, s. 404-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To explore the rate of survival to hospital discharge among patients who were brought to hospital alive after an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in different hospitals in Sweden. PATIENTS AND METHODS: All patients who had suffered an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest which was not witnessed by the ambulance crew, in whom cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was started and who had a palpable pulse on admission to hospital were evaluated for inclusion. Each participating ambulance organisation and its corresponding hospital(s) required at least 50 patients fulfilling these criteria. RESULTS: Three thousand eight hundred and fifty three patients who were brought to hospital by 21 different ambulance organisations fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The number of patients rescued by each ambulance organisation varied between 55 and 900. The survival rate, defined as alive 1 month after cardiac arrest, varied from 14% to 42%. When correcting for dissimilarities in characteristics and factors of the resuscitation, the adjusted odds ratio for survival to 1 month among patients brought to hospital alive in the three ambulance organisations with the highest survival versus the three with the lowest survival was 2.63 (95% CI: 1.77-3.88). CONCLUSION: There is a marked variability between hospitals in the rate of 1-month survival among patients who were alive on hospital admission after an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. One possible contributory factor is the standard of post-resuscitation care.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Jansen, Jurgen, et al.
(författare)
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Functional analysis of monocarboxylate transporter 8 mutations identified in patients with X-linked psychomotor retardation and elevated serum triiodothyronine
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 1945-7197 .- 0021-972X. ; 92:6, s. 2378-2381
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: T-3 action in neurons is essential for brain development. Recent evidence indicates that monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8) is important for neuronal T-3 uptake. Hemizygous mutations have been identified in the X-linked MCT8 gene in boys with severe psychomotor retardation and elevated serum T-3 levels. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the functional consequences of MCT8 mutations regarding transport of T-3. Design: MCT8 function was studied in wild-type or mutant MCT8-transfected JEG3 cells by analyzing: 1) T-3 uptake, 2) T-3 metabolism in cells cotransfected with human type 3 deiodinase, 3) immunoblotting, and 4) immunocytochemistry. Results: The mutations identified in MCT8 comprise four deletions (24.5 kb, 2.4 kb, 14 bp, and 3 bp), three missense mutations (Ala224Val, Arg271His, and Leu471Pro), a nonsense mutation (Arg245stop), and a splice site mutation (94 amino acid deletion). All tested mutants were inactive in uptake and metabolism assays, except MCT8 Arg271His, which showed approximately 20% activity vs. wild-type MCT8. Conclusion: These findings support the hypothesis that the severe psychomotor retardation and elevated serum T-3 levels in these patients are caused by inactivation of the MCT8 transporter, preventing action and metabolism of T-3 in central neurons.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Liu, Johan, 1960, et al.
(författare)
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Stem Cell Growth and Migration on Nanofibrous Polymer Scaffolds and Micro-Fluidic Channels on Silicon-Chip
- 2009
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2009 Electronic Components and Technology Conference. - 0569-5503. - 9781424444762 ; , s. 1080-1085
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stem cell growth and migration on nanofibrous scaffolds and micro-fluidic channels on Silicon-Chip were studied by using neural stem cells isolated from adult rats' brain. Electrospinning and lithographic technique were used for developing nanofibrous-polylactic acid (PLA) and polyurethane (PU) based-scaffolds and micro-fluidic channels on Si-Chips respectively. Immunocytochemical and morphological analysis showed better cell-matrix interaction with profound adhesion, proliferation and migration on the developed scaffolds. Cell culture assay with microfluidic channel revealed the ability of developed channel system in guiding neuronal stem cell growth towards specified directions. These studies extend the possibility of using developed nanofibrous scaffolds and micro-fluidic channel system for future electrical signal transmission based on living neural stem cells.
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| 18. |
- Saxena, Richa, et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide association analysis identifies loci for type 2 diabetes and triglyceride levels
- 2007
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 1095-9203 .- 0036-8075. ; 316:5829, s. 1331-1336
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- New strategies for prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D) require improved insight into disease etiology. We analyzed 386,731 common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 1464 patients with T2D and 1467 matched controls, each characterized for measures of glucose metabolism, lipids, obesity, and blood pressure. With collaborators (FUSION and WTCCC/UKT2D), we identified and confirmed three loci associated with T2D - in a noncoding region near CDKN2A and CDKN2B, in an intron of IGF2BP2, and an intron of CDKAL1 - and replicated associations near HHEX and in SLC30A8 found by a recent whole-genome association study. We identified and confirmed association of a SNP in an intron of glucokinase regulatory protein (GCKR) with serum triglycerides. The discovery of associated variants in unsuspected genes and outside coding regions illustrates the ability of genome-wide association studies to provide potentially important clues to the pathogenesis of common diseases.
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| 19. |
- Svensson, Johan, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Liver-derived IGF-I regulates kidney size, sodium reabsorption, and renal IGF-II expression.
- 2007
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Ingår i: The Journal of endocrinology. - 0022-0795. ; 193:3, s. 359-66
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The GH/-IGF-I axis is important for kidney size and function and may also be involved in the development of renal failure. In this study, the role of liver-derived endocrine IGF-I for kidney size and function was investigated in mice with adult liver-specific IGF-I inactivation (LI-IGF-I(-/-) mice). These mice have an 80-85% reduction of serum IGF-I level and compensatory increased GH secretion. Seven-month-old as well as 24-month-old LI-IGF-I(-/-) mice had decreased kidney weight. Glomerular filtration rate, assessed using creatinine clearance as well as creatinine clearance corrected for body weight, was unchanged. The 24-h urine excretion of sodium and potassium was increased in the LI-IGF-I(-/-) mice. In the 24-month-old mice, there was no between-group difference in kidney morphology. Microarray and real-time PCR (RT-PCR) analyses showed a high renal expression of IGF-II in the control mice, whereas in the LI-IGF-I(-/-) mice, there was a tissue-specific decrease in the renal IGF-II mRNA levels (-79%, P < 0.001 vs controls using RT-PCR). In conclusion, deficiency of circulating liver-derived IGF-I in mice results, despite an increase in GH secretion, in a global symmetrical decrease in kidney size, increased urinary sodium and potassium excretion, and a clear down regulation of renal IGF-II expression. However, the LI-IGF-I(-/-) mice did not develop kidney failure or nephrosclerosis. One may speculate that liver-derived endocrine IGF-I induces renal IGF-II expression, resulting in symmetrical renal growth.
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| 20. |
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