| 11. |
- Sofieva, V. F., et al.
(författare)
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Harmonized dataset of ozone profiles from satellite limb and occultation measurements
- 2013
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Ingår i: Earth System Science Data. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1866-3516 .- 1866-3508. ; 5:2, s. 349-363
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we present a HARMonized dataset of OZone profiles (HARMOZ) based on limb and occultation measurements from Envisat (GOMOS, MIPAS and SCIAMACHY), Odin (OSIRIS, SMR) and SCISAT (ACE-FTS) satellite instruments. These measurements provide high-vertical-resolution ozone profiles covering the altitude range from the upper troposphere up to the mesosphere in years 2001–2012. HARMOZ has been created in the framework of the European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative project.The harmonized dataset consists of original retrieved ozone profiles from each instrument, which are screened for invalid data by the instrument teams. While the original ozone profiles are presented in different units and on different vertical grids, the harmonized dataset is given on a common pressure grid in netCDF (network common data form)-4 format. The pressure grid corresponds to vertical sampling of ~ 1 km below 20 km and 2–3 km above 20 km. The vertical range of the ozone profiles is specific for each instrument, thus all information contained in the original data is preserved. Provided altitude and temperature profiles allow the representation of ozone profiles in number density or mixing ratio on a pressure or altitude vertical grid. Geolocation, uncertainty estimates and vertical resolution are provided for each profile. For each instrument, optional parameters, which are related to the data quality, are also included.For convenience of users, tables of biases between each pair of instruments for each month, as well as bias uncertainties, are provided. These tables characterize the data consistency and can be used in various bias and drift analyses, which are needed, for instance, for combining several datasets to obtain a long-term climate dataset.This user-friendly dataset can be interesting and useful for various analyses and applications, such as data merging, data validation, assimilation and scientific research.The dataset is available at http://www.esa-ozone-cci.org/?q=node/161 or at doi:10.5270/esa-ozone_cci-limb_occultation_profiles-2001_2012-v_1-201308.
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| 12. |
- van Gool, Jan D, et al.
(författare)
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Multi-center randomized controlled trial of cognitive treatment, placebo, oxybutynin, bladder training, and pelvic floor training in children with functional urinary incontinence.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Neurourology and Urodynamics. - : Wiley. - 0733-2467. ; 33:5, s. 482-487
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Functional urinary incontinence causes considerable morbidity in 8.4% of school-age children, mainly girls. To compare oxybutynin, placebo, and bladder training in overactive bladder (OAB), and cognitive treatment and pelvic floor training in dysfunctional voiding (DV), a multi-center controlled trial was designed, the European Bladder Dysfunction Study. METHODS: Seventy girls and 27 boys with clinically diagnosed OAB and urge incontinence were randomly allocated to placebo, oxybutynin, or bladder training (branch I), and 89 girls and 16 boys with clinically diagnosed DV to either cognitive treatment or pelvic floor training (branch II). All children received standardized cognitive treatment, to which these interventions were added. The main outcome variable was daytime incontinence with/without urinary tract infections. Urodynamic studies were performed before and after treatment. RESULTS: In branch I, the 15% full response evolved to cure rates of 39% for placebo, 43% for oxybutynin, and 44% for bladder training. In branch II, the 25% full response evolved to cure rates of 52% for controls and 49% for pelvic floor training. Before treatment, detrusor overactivity (OAB) or pelvic floor overactivity (DV) did not correlate with the clinical diagnosis. After treatment these urodynamic patterns occurred de novo in at least 20%. CONCLUSION: The mismatch between urodynamic patterns and clinical symptoms explains why cognitive treatment was the key to success, not the added interventions. Unpredictable changes in urodynamic patterns over time, the response to cognitive treatment, and the gender-specific prevalence suggest social stress might be a cause for the symptoms, mediated by corticotropin-releasing factor signaling pathways. Neurourol. Urodynam. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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| 13. |
- Westerbacka, J, et al.
(författare)
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Women and men have similar amounts of liver and intra-abdominal fat, despite more subcutaneous fat in women: implications for sex differences in markers of cardiovascular risk
- 2004
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Ingår i: Diabetologia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-0428 .- 0012-186X. ; 47:8, s. 1360-1369
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims/hypothesis. Fat accumulation in the liver has been shown to be closely correlated with hepatic insulin resistance and features of insulin resistance, also independently of body weight. It remains to be established how fat in the liver correlates with that in other depots, and whether any association differs between men and women. Methods. Liver fat (assessed using proton spectroscopy), intra-abdominal and subcutaneous fat (measured using magnetic resonance imaging) and markers of insulin resistance, including serum adiponectin, were determined in 132 non-diabetic subjects: 66 men (age 41+/-1 years) and 66 women (age 42+/-1 years). Results. Although the women had almost twice as much subcutaneous fat as the men (5045+/-207 vs 2610+/-144 cm(3), p<0.0001), amounts of intra-abdominal fat (1305+/-80 vs 1552+/-111 cm(3), NS) and liver fat (6.7+/-0.8 vs 8.9+/-1.2%, NS) were similar. In this study, no sex differences were observed with respect to serum insulin, adiponectin, triglyceride and HDL cholesterol concentrations. Of all measures of body composition, liver fat was best correlated with serum insulin (r=0.58, p<0.001), with no difference observed between men and women. Serum adiponectin was inversely correlated with liver fat content (r=-0.21, p<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that intra-abdominal fat was significantly associated with liver fat, independently of serum adiponectin and subcutaneous fat. Liver fat, but not intra-abdominal fat, significantly explained the variation in serum insulin concentrations. Conclusions/interpretation. Intra-abdominal fat is independently associated with liver fat, whereas subcutaneous fat is not. Liver fat, but not intra-abdominal fat, is independently associated with serum insulin. Men and women with similar amounts of intra-abdominal and liver fat do not exhibit sex differences in markers of insulin resistance (serum insulin, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol and adiponectin).
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 17. |
- Leinonen, Ville, et al.
(författare)
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Amyloid and Tau Proteins in Cortical Brain Biopsy and Alzheimer's Disease
- 2010
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Ingår i: Annals of Neurology. - : Wiley. - 0364-5134 .- 1531-8249. ; 68:4, s. 446-453
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Amyloid-beta(A beta) aggregates are presumed to be found in the brain at an early stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD) but have seldom been assessed by brain biopsy during life in often elderly patients. Methods: Between 1991 and 2006 we evaluated 468 patients with suspected normal pressure hydrocephalus with intraventricular pressure monitoring and a right frontal cortical biopsy sample immunostained for A beta and hyperphosphorylated tau (HP tau). Adequate samples and the clinical follow-up data until death or the end of 2008, available in 433 cases, were reviewed for the clinical signs of dementia, including AD. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze whether A beta and/or HP tau in the biopsy samples obtained during life predicted development of cognitive impairment, in particular, AD. Results: Of the 433 frontal cortical samples, 42 (10%) displayed both A beta and HP tau, 144 (33%) A beta only, and 247 (57%) neither A beta nor HP tau. In a median follow-up time of 4.4 years, 94 patients (22%) developed clinical AD. The presence of both A beta and HP tau was strongly associated (odds ratio [OR], 68.2; 95% confidence interval [Cl], 22.1-210) and A beta alone significantly associated (OR, 10.8; 95% Cl, 4.9-23.8) with the clinical diagnosis of AD. Interpretation: This is the largest follow-up study of patients assessed for the presence of A beta and HP tau in frontal cortical brain biopsy samples. 1) The presence of A beta and HP tau spoke strongly for the presence or later development of clinical AD; 2) A beta alone was suggestive of AD; and 3) the absence of A beta and HP tau spoke against a later clinical diagnosis of AD.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Rahpoe, N., et al.
(författare)
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Relative drifts and biases between six ozone limb satellite measurements from the last decade
- 2015
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Ingår i: Atmospheric Measurement Techniques. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1867-1381 .- 1867-8548. ; 8:10, s. 4369-4381
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As part of European Space Agency's (ESA) climate change initiative, high vertical resolution ozone profiles from three instruments all aboard ESA's Envisat (GOMOS, MIPAS, SCIAMACHY) and ESA's third party missions (OSIRIS, SMR, ACE-FTS) are to be combined in order to create an essential climate variable data record for the last decade. A prerequisite before combining data is the examination of differences and drifts between the data sets. In this paper, we present a detailed analysis of ozone profile differences based on pairwise collocated measurements, including the evolution of the differences with time. Such a diagnosis is helpful to identify strengths and weaknesses of each data set that may vary in time and introduce uncertainties in long-term trend estimates. The analysis reveals that the relative drift between the sensors is not statistically significant for most pairs of instruments. The relative drift values can be used to estimate the added uncertainty in physical trends. The added drift uncertainty is estimated at about 3 % decade-1 (1s). Larger differences and variability in the differences are found in the lowermost stratosphere (below 20 km) and in the mesosphere.
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| 20. |
- Ruotsalainen, Tarja M., et al.
(författare)
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Concomitant chemotherapy and IFN-alpha for small cell lung cancer : a randomized multicenter phase III study
- 1999
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Ingår i: Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1079-9907 .- 1557-7465. ; 19:3, s. 253-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patients with any stage of small cell lung cancer were given low-dose interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) from the first day of treatment as long as possible irrespective of changes in treatment dictated by disease progression. All patients received 6 cycles of the chemotherapy (CT): cisplatin 70 mg/m2 i.v. day 1 and etoposide 100 mg/m2 i.v. days 1, 2, 3 every 28 days. Seventy-eight patients were assigned to arm 1: CT alone, 75 patients to arm 2: CT + natural IFN-alpha (3 MU three times a week i.m.), and 66 patients to arm 3: CT + recombinant IFN alpha-2a (3 MU three times a week i.m.). There was no difference in median survival between the arms (10.2 months, 10.0 months, 10.1 months, respectively), p = 0.32. The 2-year survival rates were 15%, 3%, and 11%, respectively. Grade 3 and 4 leukopenia occurred more frequently in the IFN arms than in the CT alone arm and resulted in dose reductions. Antibodies occasionally developed to recombinant IFN. We conclude that IFN-alpha can be administered concomitantly with chemotherapy but is probably better kept for maintenance therapy so that optimal full doses of induction CT can be given.
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