| 11. |
- Frykman, M., et al.
(författare)
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Line managers’ influence on employee usage of a web-based system for occupational health management
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Workplace Health Management. - : Emerald Group Publishing Ltd.. - 1753-8351 .- 1753-836X. ; 11:4, s. 193-209
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate line managers’ influence on employee usage of a web-based system for occupational health management. Design/methodology/approach: Questionnaires were used to measure line managers’ transformational leadership at baseline and their change-supportive managerial activities during weeks 16–52. Employee initial (weeks 16–52) and sustained (weeks 53–144) use of the web-based system was measured by extracting their frequency of logins to the system from electronic records. Data were collected from six white-collar organizations from 2011 through 2013. Mixed Poisson regressions were used to analyze the influence of transformational leadership and change-supportive managerial activities on employee usage. Findings: As predicted, line managers’ change-supportive activities influenced the employees’ initial and sustained use of the system. Line managers’ transformational leadership had no direct effect on employees’ use of the system, however transformational leadership was indirectly associated with employees’ initial and sustained use of the system through line managers’ change-supportive activities. Originality/value: The study adds to the understanding of the role line managers’ play during the implementation of occupational health interventions. The findings suggest that the line managers’ change-supportive activities directed toward the intervention are important for employees’ initial and sustained use of the system. The influence of transformational leadership was indirect, suggesting that line managers may need to direct their leadership behaviors toward the intervention to facilitate implementation. © 2018, Emerald Publishing Limited.
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| 12. |
- Hasson, H., et al.
(författare)
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A typology of useful evidence : Approaches to increase the practical value of intervention research
- 2020
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Ingår i: BMC Medical Research Methodology. - : BioMed Central Ltd.. - 1471-2288. ; 20:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Too often, studies of evidence-based interventions (EBIs) in preventive, community, and health care are not sufficiently useful to end users (typically practitioners, patients, policymakers, or other researchers). The ways in which intervention studies are conventionally conducted and reported mean that there is often a shortage of information when an EBI is used in practice. The paper aims to invite the research community to consider ways to optimize not only the trustworthiness but also the research's usefulness in intervention studies. This is done by proposing a typology that provides some approaches to useful EBIs for intervention researchers. The approaches originate from different research fields and are summarized to highlight their potential benefits from a usefulness perspective. Main message: The typology consists of research approaches to increase the usefulness of EBIs by improving the reporting of four features in intervention studies: (1) the interventions themselves, including core components and appropriate adaptations; (2) strategies to support-high-quality implementation of the interventions; (3) generalizations about the evidence in a variety of contexts; and (4) outcomes based on end users' preferences and knowledge. The research approaches fall into three levels: Description, Analysis, and Design. The first level, Description, outlines what types of information about the intervention and its implementation, context, and outcomes can be helpful for end users. Research approaches under analysis offers alternative ways of analyzing data, increasing the precision of information provided to end users. Approaches summarized under design involve more radical changes and far-reaching implications for how research can provide more useful information. These approaches partly flip the order of efficacy and effectiveness, focusing not on whether an intervention works in highly controlled and optimal circumstances, but first and foremost whether an intervention can be implemented and lead to anticipated outcomes in everyday practice. Conclusions: The research community, as well as the end users of research, are invited to consider ways to optimize research's usefulness as well as its trustworthiness. Many of the research approaches in the typology are not new, and their contributions to quality have been described for generations - but their contributions to useful knowledge need more attention.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Ingvarsson, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Strategies for de-implementation of low-value care—a scoping review
- 2022
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Ingår i: Implementation Science. - : BioMed Central Ltd. - 1748-5908. ; 17:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The use of low-value care (LVC) is a persistent problem that calls for knowledge about strategies for de-implementation. However, studies are dispersed across many clinical fields, and there is no overview of strategies that can be used to support the de-implementation of LVC. The extent to which strategies used for implementation are also used in de-implementing LVC is unknown. The aim of this scoping review is to (1) identify strategies for the de-implementation of LVC described in the scientific literature and (2) compare de-implementation strategies to implementation strategies as specified in the Expert Recommendation for Implementing Change (ERIC) and strategies added by Perry et al. Method: A scoping review was conducted according to recommendations outlined by Arksey and O’Malley. Four scientific databases were searched, relevant articles were snowball searched, and the journal Implementation Science was searched manually for peer-reviewed journal articles in English. Articles were included if they were empirical studies of strategies designed to reduce the use of LVC. Two reviewers conducted all abstract and full-text reviews, and conflicting decisions were discussed until consensus was reached. Data were charted using a piloted data-charting form. The strategies were first coded inductively and then mapped onto the ERIC compilation of implementation strategies. Results: The scoping review identified a total of 71 unique de-implementation strategies described in the literature. Of these, 62 strategies could be mapped onto ERIC strategies, and four strategies onto one added category. Half (50%) of the 73 ERIC implementation strategies were used for de-implementation purposes. Five identified de-implementation strategies could not be mapped onto any of the existing strategies in ERIC. Conclusions: Similar strategies are used for de-implementation and implementation. However, only a half of the implementation strategies included in the ERIC compilation were represented in the de-implementation studies, which may imply that some strategies are being underused or that they are not applicable for de-implementation purposes. The strategies assess and redesign workflow (a strategy previously suggested to be added to ERIC), accountability tool, and communication tool (unique new strategies for de-implementation) could complement the existing ERIC compilation when used for de-implementation purposes.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Lornudd, C., et al.
(författare)
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A champagne tower of influence : An interview study of how corporate boards enact occupational health and safety
- 2021
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Ingår i: Safety Science. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 0925-7535 .- 1879-1042. ; 143
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The board of directors is responsible for governing organizations, including firms’ occupational health and safety (OHS). However, empirical research addressing how boards of directors enact OHS responsibility is scarce. In this study, we explored how boards of directors describe how their board acts to take responsibility for OHS. A secondary aim was to analyze whether those actions represent governance according to the agency theory and/or the stewardship theory. The empirical material consisted of 34 interviews with board members and chief executive officers in large private companies from four industries: trade, construction, manufacturing, and health/social care. Using Boardman and Lyon's framework for OHS governance, we conducted a hybrid thematic analysis. The findings deepen and broaden the current understanding of the role that the board of directors may play in OHS governance in private companies. The boards’ actions for taking responsibility for OHS both represent governance in line with the agency theory and stewardship theory. However, the boards’ actions also underpin a behavioral view of corporate OHS governance. This suggests an influence on the organization that starts with actions in the boardroom and, like champagne in a glass tower, trickles down from the executive directors to other layers of the organization.
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| 17. |
- Mosson, R., et al.
(författare)
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Exploring the role of line managers in implementing evidence-based practice in social services and older people care
- 2017
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Ingår i: British Journal of Social Work. - : Oxford University Press. - 0045-3102 .- 1468-263X. ; 47:2, s. 542-560
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This qualitative study explored the vital role of line managers, namely the managerial level directly above employees, in effectively implementing evidence-based practice (EBP) from their own perspectives. Interviews were carried out with twenty-eight line managers within social services and older people care in seven Swedish municipalities. Thematic analysis was performed. Findings revealed that managers in social care perceived their role as important in implementing EBP. However, notable differences were observed between the two settings, where social services managers had more knowledge and held more positive attitudes towards working according to EBP, and described a more active role in the implementation process than managers in older people care. Overall, the implementation of EBP was performed ad hoc rather than systematically, and with little consideration to analysis of needs according to the local context and limited focus on follow-up and sustainability. This study highlighted that line managers in social services and older people care have different prerequisites for implementing EBP, and are greatly dependent on organisational strategies and context. Gaining knowledge of line managers' perceptions is essential for making informed decisions regarding the support required to achieve EBP in social care, and thus for providing the best possible care for clients.
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| 18. |
- Mosson, R., et al.
(författare)
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How do iLead? : Validation of a scale measuring active and passive implementation leadership in Swedish healthcare
- 2018
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Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ Publishing Group. - 2044-6055. ; 8:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives This study aims to describe the creation of a scale-the iLead scale-through adaptations of existing domain-specific scales that measure active and passive implementation leadership, and to describe the psychometric properties of this scale. Methods Data collected from a leadership intervention were used in this validation study. Respondents were 336 healthcare professionals (90% female and 10% male; mean age 47 years) whose first-line and second-line managers participated in the intervention. The data were collected in the Stockholm regional healthcare organisation that offer primary, psychiatric, rehabilitation and acute hospital care, among other areas. The items for measuring implementation leadership were based on existent research and the full-range leadership model. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to evaluate the dimensionality of the scale, followed by tests for reliability and convergent, discriminant and criterion-related validity using correlations and multilevel regression analyses. Results The final scale consists of 16 items clustered into four subscales representing active implementation leadership, and one scale signifying passive implementation leadership. Findings showed that the hypothesised model had an acceptable model fit (Ï ‡ 2 (99) =382.864∗∗, Comparative Fit Index=0.935, Tucker-Lewis Index=0.911, root mean square error of approximation=0.059). The internal consistency and convergent, discriminant and criterion-related validity were all satisfactory. Conclusions The iLead scale is a valid measure of implementation leadership and is a tool for understanding how active and passive leader behaviours influence an implementation process. This brief scale may be particularly valuable to apply in training focusing on facilitating implementation, and in evaluating leader training. Moreover, the scale can be useful in evaluating various leader behaviours associated with implementation success or failure.
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| 19. |
- Olsson, Tina M., et al.
(författare)
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Adapted, Adopted, and Novel Interventions : A Whole-Population Meta-Analytic Replication of Intervention Effects
- 2023
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Ingår i: Research on social work practice. - : Sage Publications. - 1049-7315 .- 1552-7581.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: A challenge to implementation is management of the adaptation-fidelity dilemma or the balance between adopting an intervention with fidelity while assuring fit when transferred between contexts. A prior meta-analysis found that adapted interventions produce larger effects than novel and adopted interventions. This study attempts to replicate and expand previous findings. Methods: Meta-analysis was used to compare effects across a whole-population of Swedish outcome studies. Main and subcategories are explored. Results: The 523 studies included adapted (22%), adopted (33%), and novel (45%) interventions. The largest effect was found for adapted followed by novel and adopted interventions. Interventions in the mental health setting showed the highest effects, followed by somatic healthcare and social services. Conclusions: These results replicate and expand earlier findings. Results were stable across settings with the exception of social services. Consistent with a growing body of evidence results suggest that context is important when transferring interventions across settings.
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| 20. |
- Pettersson, Kristoffer, et al.
(författare)
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Fidelity-consistency and deliberateness of modifications in parenting programs
- 2024
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Ingår i: Implementation Science Communications. - : BioMed Central Ltd. - 2662-2211. ; 5:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Evidence-based interventions (EBIs) are frequently modified in practice. It is recommended that decisions to modify EBIs should be made deliberately to ensure fidelity-consistency, yet the relationship between fidelity-consistency and deliberateness is not well understood. This study aims to explore modifications in a sample of practitioners delivering evidence-based parenting programs (i.e., interventions to strengthen parent–child relationships, reduce harmful interactions, and improve child health and well-being). The study investigated three research questions: (1) What kind of modifications are made during the delivery of parenting programs? (2) To what degree are the identified modifications consistent with the core functions of each program? and (3) Is deliberateness associated with the fidelity-consistency of the identified modifications? Methods: In total, 28 group leaders of five widely disseminated parenting programs in Sweden participated in five focus groups, and two participants from each group also participated in individual interviews (n = 10). A content analysis approach was used where the identification of modifications was directed by the Framework for Reporting Adaptations and Modifications-Enhanced (FRAME) and then assessed for fidelity-consistency and four levels of deliberateness (universal, situational, conditional, and unintentional). Chi-square tests were performed to compare consistent and inconsistent modifications, and logistic regression was performed to explore whether deliberateness predicted consistency. Results: A total of 137 content modifications were identified, covering most of the content modification categories in FRAME. The most common were tailoring/tweaking/refining, adding elements, shortening/condensing, lengthening/extending, and integrating another treatment. Modifications were mostly fidelity-consistent but consistency varied greatly among categories. Furthermore, modifications made unintentionally or situationally were more likely to be fidelity-inconsistent. Conclusions: These results indicate that explicit consideration of modifications and their impact could be essential for sustaining the fidelity-consistent use of EBIs, even as such interventions are continuously modified.
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