| 11. |
- Mlecnik, B, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical Performance of the Consensus Immunoscore in Colon Cancer in the Asian Population from the Multicenter International SITC Study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Cancers. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-6694. ; 14:18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: In this study, we evaluated the prognostic value of Immunoscore in patients with stage I–III colon cancer (CC) in the Asian population. These patients were originally included in an international study led by the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) on 2681 patients with AJCC/UICC-TNM stages I–III CC. METHODS: CD3+ and cytotoxic CD8+ T-lymphocyte densities were quantified in the tumor and invasive margin by digital pathology. The association of Immunoscore with prognosis was evaluated for time to recurrence (TTR), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS). RESULTS: Immunoscore stratified Asian patients (n = 423) into different risk categories and was not impacted by age. Recurrence-free rates at 3 years were 78.5%, 85.2%, and 98.3% for a Low, Intermediate, and High Immunoscore, respectively (HR[Low-vs-High] = 7.26 (95% CI 1.75−30.19); p = 0.0064). A High Immunoscore showed a significant association with prolonged TTR, OS, and DFS (p < 0.05). In Cox multivariable analysis stratified by center, Immunoscore association with TTR was independent (HR[Low-vs-Int+High] = 2.22 (95% CI 1.10–4.55) p = 0.0269) of the patient’s gender, T-stage, N-stage, sidedness, and MSI status. A significant association of a High Immunoscore with prolonged TTR was also found among MSS (HR[Low-vs-Int+High] = 4.58 (95% CI 2.27−9.23); p ≤ 0.0001), stage II (HR[Low-vs-Int+High] = 2.72 (95% CI 1.35−5.51); p = 0.0052), low-risk stage-II (HR[Low-vs-Int+High] = 2.62 (95% CI 1.21−5.68); p = 0.0146), and high-risk stage II patients (HR[Low-vs-Int+High] = 3.11 (95% CI 1.39−6.91); p = 0.0055). CONCLUSION: A High Immunoscore is significantly associated with the prolonged survival of CC patients within the Asian population.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Schuermans, A., et al.
(författare)
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Exercise in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- 2023
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Ingår i: Heart. - : BMJ. - 1355-6037 .- 1468-201X. ; 109:13, s. 984-991
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveChildren and adults with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (rTOF) have an impaired exercise capacity, a less active lifestyle and an increased long-term risk of adverse outcomes compared with healthy peers. This study aimed to summarise the current evidence for the effectiveness and safety of exercise training interventions in patients with rTOF. MethodsPubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Web of Science, Scopus and reference lists of relevant articles were searched for prospective studies published by November 2021. Random-effects meta-analysis and descriptive synthesis were performed to assess the effectiveness and safety of exercise training in patients with rTOF. ResultsOf the 9677 citations identified, 12 articles were included that reported on 10 unique studies and covered 208 patients with rTOF (range of mean/median age: 7.4-43.3 years). All studies implemented 2 to 7 aerobic or respiratory training sessions per week with durations ranging from 6 to 26 weeks. Meta-analysis of the included randomised controlled trials showed that exercise training was associated with a significant improvement in peak VO2 (pooled mean difference: +3.1 mL/min/kg; 95% CI: 0.76 to 5.36 mL/min/kg, p=0.019). Cardiac imaging studies revealed no subclinical adverse remodelling after the exercise interventions. No serious adverse events including arrhythmias were reported in these studies. ConclusionCurrent evidence suggests that exercise training can improve exercise capacity in patients with rTOF with a low risk for adverse events. Exercise prescription may be a safe and effective tool to help improving outcomes in patients with rTOF. PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021292809.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Kim, Min Seo, et al.
(författare)
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Global burden of peripheral artery disease and its risk factors, 1990-2019 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
- 2023
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Ingår i: The Lancet Global Health. - : Elsevier. - 2214-109X. ; 11:10, s. E1553-E1565
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Peripheral artery disease is a growing public health problem. We aimed to estimate the global disease burden of peripheral artery disease, its risk factors, and temporospatial trends to inform policy and public measures.Methods: Data on peripheral artery disease were modelled using the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 database. Prevalence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and mortality estimates of peripheral artery disease were extracted from GBD 2019. Total DALYs and age-standardised DALY rate of peripheral artery disease attributed to modifiable risk factors were also assessed.Findings: In 2019, the number of people aged 40 years and older with peripheral artery disease was 113 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 99 center dot 2-128 center dot 4), with a global prevalence of 1 center dot 52% (95% UI 1 center dot 33-1 center dot 72), of which 42 center dot 6% was in countries with low to middle Socio-demographic Index (SDI). The global prevalence of peripheral artery disease was higher in older people, (14 center dot 91% [12 center dot 41-17 center dot 87] in those aged 80-84 years), and was generally higher in females than in males. Globally, the total number of DALYs attributable to modifiable risk factors in 2019 accounted for 69 center dot 4% (64 center dot 2-74 center dot 3) of total peripheral artery disease DALYs. The prevalence of peripheral artery disease was highest in countries with high SDI and lowest in countries with low SDI, whereas DALY and mortality rates showed U-shaped curves, with the highest burden in the high and low SDI quintiles.Interpretation: The total number of people with peripheral artery disease has increased globally from 1990 to 2019. Despite the lower prevalence of peripheral artery disease in males and low-income countries, these groups showed similar DALY rates to females and higher-income countries, highlighting disproportionate burden in these groups. Modifiable risk factors were responsible for around 70% of the global peripheral artery disease burden. Public measures could mitigate the burden of peripheral artery disease by modifying risk factors.
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| 19. |
- Baeten, P., et al.
(författare)
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Determination of the subcriticality level using the Cf-252 source-detector method
- 2010
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Ingår i: Annals of Nuclear Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0306-4549 .- 1873-2100. ; 37:5, s. 740-752
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Measurement and monitoring of reactivity in a subcritical state, e.g. during the loading of a power reactor, has a clear safety relevance. The methods currently available for the measurement of k(eff) in stationary subcritical conditions should be improved as they refer to the critical state. This is also very important in the framework of ADS (accelerator driven systems) where the measurement of a subcritical level without knowledge of the critical state is looked for. An alternative way to achieve this is by mean of the Cf-252 source-detector method. The method makes use of three detectors inserted in the reactor: two "ordinary" neutron detectors and one Cf-252 source-detector which contains a small amount of Cf-252 that introduces neutrons in the system through spontaneous fission. By observing fissions through the detection system and correlating the signals of the three detectors, the reactivity rho (and hence the multiplication factor k) can be determined. Before the actual measurements took place, a suitable data acquisition system was realized in order to process the signals and compute the auto and cross power spectral densities. The measurements were then performed in the VENUS reactor, using the Cf-252 source-detector and two BF3 neutron detectors. The multiplication factor was determined using the Cf source method and compared with measurements using other methods and with computational results (Monte Carlo simulations). The Cf method was benchmarked at a UOX core to other experimental methods that used the critical state as reference and to calculations. Afterwards, the Cf source technique was analyzed in a MOX core to study the possible impact of a significant intrinsic source on the results. This benchmarking gives the possibility to validate the Cf method as a reliable technique for the measurement of subcritical levels in steady state and for cores with an intrinsic source like MOX or burnt fuel cores. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 20. |
- Zhu, J, et al.
(författare)
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Resistance to cancer immunotherapy mediated by apoptosis of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes
- 2017
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Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 8:1, s. 1404-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite impressive clinical success, cancer immunotherapy based on immune checkpoint blockade remains ineffective in many patients due to tumoral resistance. Here we use the autochthonous TiRP melanoma model, which recapitulates the tumoral resistance signature observed in human melanomas. TiRP tumors resist immunotherapy based on checkpoint blockade, cancer vaccines or adoptive T-cell therapy. TiRP tumors recruit and activate tumor-specific CD8+ T cells, but these cells then undergo apoptosis. This does not occur with isogenic transplanted tumors, which are rejected after adoptive T-cell therapy. Apoptosis of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes can be prevented by interrupting the Fas/Fas-ligand axis, and is triggered by polymorphonuclear-myeloid-derived suppressor cells, which express high levels of Fas-ligand and are enriched in TiRP tumors. Blocking Fas-ligand increases the anti-tumor efficacy of adoptive T-cell therapy in TiRP tumors, and increases the efficacy of checkpoint blockade in transplanted tumors. Therefore, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes apoptosis is a relevant mechanism of immunotherapy resistance, which could be blocked by interfering with the Fas/Fas-ligand pathway.
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