| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Gong, J., et al.
(författare)
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Sex differences in dementia risk and risk factors: Individual-participant data analysis using 21 cohorts across six continents from the COSMIC consortium
- 2023
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Ingår i: Alzheimers & Dementia. - : Wiley. - 1552-5260 .- 1552-5279. ; 19:8, s. 3365-3378
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionSex differences in dementia risk, and risk factor (RF) associations with dementia, remain uncertain across diverse ethno-regional groups. MethodsA total of 29,850 participants (58% women) from 21 cohorts across six continents were included in an individual participant data meta-analysis. Sex-specific hazard ratios (HRs), and women-to-men ratio of hazard ratios (RHRs) for associations between RFs and all-cause dementia were derived from mixed-effect Cox models. ResultsIncident dementia occurred in 2089 (66% women) participants over 4.6 years (median). Women had higher dementia risk (HR, 1.12 [1.02, 1.23]) than men, particularly in low- and lower-middle-income economies. Associations between longer education and former alcohol use with dementia risk (RHR, 1.01 [1.00, 1.03] per year, and 0.55 [0.38, 0.79], respectively) were stronger for men than women; otherwise, there were no discernible sex differences in other RFs. DiscussionDementia risk was higher in women than men, with possible variations by country-level income settings, but most RFs appear to work similarly in women and men.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Tierney, W., et al.
(författare)
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A creative destruction approach to replication : Implicit work and sex morality across cultures
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-1031 .- 1096-0465. ; 93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- How can we maximize what is learned from a replication study? In the creative destruction approach to replication, the original hypothesis is compared not only to the null hypothesis, but also to predictions derived from multiple alternative theoretical accounts of the phenomenon. To this end, new populations and measures are included in the design in addition to the original ones, to help determine which theory best accounts for the results across multiple key outcomes and contexts. The present pre-registered empirical project compared the Implicit Puritanism account of intuitive work and sex morality to theories positing regional, religious, and social class differences; explicit rather than implicit cultural differences in values; self-expression vs. survival values as a key cultural fault line; the general moralization of work; and false positive effects. Contradicting Implicit Puritanism's core theoretical claim of a distinct American work morality, a number of targeted findings replicated across multiple comparison cultures, whereas several failed to replicate in all samples and were identified as likely false positives. No support emerged for theories predicting regional variability and specific individual-differences moderators (religious affiliation, religiosity, and education level). Overall, the results provide evidence that work is intuitively moralized across cultures.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Yin, J., et al.
(författare)
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SmartDID : A Novel Privacy-preserving Identity based on Blockchain for IoT
- 2022
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Ingår i: IEEE Internet of Things Journal. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 2327-4662. ; , s. 1-1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Internet of Things (IoT) applications have penetrated into all aspects of human life. Millions of IoT users and devices, online services and applications combine to create a complex and heterogeneous network, which complicates digital identity management. Distributed identity is a promising paradigm to solve IoT identity problems and allows users to have soverignty over their private data. However, existing state-of-the-art methods are unsuitable for IoT due to continuing issues regarding resource limitations for IoT devices, security and privacy issues, and lack of a systematic proof system. Accordingly, in this paper, we propose SmartDID, a novel blockchain-based distributed identity aimed at establishing a self-sovereign identity and providing strong privacy preservation. First, we configure IoT devices as light nodes and design a Sybil-resistant, unlinkable and supervisable distributed identity that does not rely on central identity providers. We further develop a dual-credential model based on commitment and zero-knowledge proofs to protect the privacy of sensitive attributes, on-chain identity data and linkage of credentials. Moreover, we combine the basic credential proofs to prove the knowledge of solutions to more complex problems and create a systematic proof system. We go on to provide the security analysis of SmartDID. Experimental analysis shows that our scheme achieves better performance in terms of both credential generation and proof generation when compared with CanDID.
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| 17. |
- Zhang, Y., et al.
(författare)
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Submarine groundwater discharge drives coastal water quality and nutrient budgets at small and large scales
- 2020
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Ingår i: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0016-7037. ; 290, s. 201-215
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) can be a significant source of chemical pollutants from land to ocean. Here, we first estimated SGD using radium isotopes and related nutrient fluxes at the local scale in Jiaozhou Bay (JZB), a typical Chinese system that is experiencing rapid urban and industrial development. We then summarized SGDstudies off China to assess the largescale implications of SGD to nutrient budgets. In JZB, the location of contaminated nearshore waters revealed by an integrative water quality index (WQI) coincided with the SGD hotspots. The total (fresh and saline) SGD flux in JZB was estimated to be (0.64-1.67) x 10(7) m(3)/d or (2.12-5.59) cm/d based on Ra-224 and Ra-228 mass balance models. This was approximately 8 times the discharge rate of local rivers. By combining these JZB results with the literature data, we provide the first estimate of SGD and associated nutrient fluxes off China. The magnitude of SGD at the China-scale was (5.40-10.2) x 10(12) m(3)/yr, accounting for 59% of the global SGD flux. SGD-derived nutrient fluxes summarized from similar to 40 previous studies were one order of magnitude higher than riverine inputs. These nutrients fluxes from SGD contributed >50% of the total dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), phosphorous (DIP) and silicate (DSi) inputs into Chinese coastal waters, which can explain about 60% of the phosphorus required by primary production. The mean DIN/DIP ratio (121) in SGD was significantly higher than the Redfield ratio, with important implications for phytoplankton growth and structure. SGD can influence water quality, dominate nutrient budgets, and drive primary production not only at the local scale, but also at the regional and global scales.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Barucca, G., et al.
(författare)
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Study of excited Ξ baryons with the P¯ ANDA detector
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. - : Springer Nature. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 57:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study of baryon excitation spectra provides insight into the inner structure of baryons. So far, most of the world-wide efforts have been directed towards N∗ and Δ spectroscopy. Nevertheless, the study of the double and triple strange baryon spectrum provides independent information to the N∗ and Δ spectra. The future antiproton experiment P¯ANDA will provide direct access to final states containing a Ξ¯ Ξ pair, for which production cross sections up to μb are expected in p¯p reactions. With a luminosity of L= 10 31 cm- 2 s- 1 in the first phase of the experiment, the expected cross sections correspond to a production rate of ∼106events/day. With a nearly 4 π detector acceptance, P¯ANDA will thus be a hyperon factory. In this study, reactions of the type p¯p → Ξ¯ +Ξ∗ - as well as p¯p → Ξ¯ ∗ +Ξ- with various decay modes are investigated. For the exclusive reconstruction of the signal events a full decay tree fit is used, resulting in reconstruction efficiencies between 3 and 5%. This allows high statistics data to be collected within a few weeks of data taking.
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