| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Adler, SS, et al.
(author)
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Scaling properties of proton and antiproton production in root s(NN)=200 GeV Au+Au collisions
- 2003
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In: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114. ; 91:17: 172301
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We report on the yield of protons and antiprotons, as a function of centrality and transverse momentum, in Au+Au collisions at rootS(NN)=200 GeV measured at midrapidity by the PHENIX experiment at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. In central collisions at intermediate transverse momenta (1.5
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Hillier, Ladeana W, et al.
(author)
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Sequence and comparative analysis of the chicken genome provide unique perspectives on vertebrate evolution
- 2004
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In: Nature. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 432:7018, s. 695-716
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present here a draft genome sequence of the red jungle fowl, Gallus gallus. Because the chicken is a modern descendant of the dinosaurs and the first non-mammalian amniote to have its genome sequenced, the draft sequence of its genome--composed of approximately one billion base pairs of sequence and an estimated 20,000-23,000 genes--provides a new perspective on vertebrate genome evolution, while also improving the annotation of mammalian genomes. For example, the evolutionary distance between chicken and human provides high specificity in detecting functional elements, both non-coding and coding. Notably, many conserved non-coding sequences are far from genes and cannot be assigned to defined functional classes. In coding regions the evolutionary dynamics of protein domains and orthologous groups illustrate processes that distinguish the lineages leading to birds and mammals. The distinctive properties of avian microchromosomes, together with the inferred patterns of conserved synteny, provide additional insights into vertebrate chromosome architecture.
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| 15. |
- Söderholm, Johan D, 1958-, et al.
(author)
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Increased epithelial uptake of protein antigens in the ileum of Crohn's disease mediated by tumour necrosis factor α
- 2004
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In: Gut. - : BMJ. - 0017-5749 .- 1468-3288. ; 53:12, s. 1817-1824
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background and aims: The exact nature of the epithelial barrier defect in Crohn's disease remains to be elucidated. Previously we showed increased permeability to proteins in ileal Crohn's disease. Our aims were to study if this barrier defect (a) involves endocytotic uptake of antigens and (b) is related to low grade inflammation not detectable by histology. Methods: Macroscopically normal segments of distal ileum of Crohn's disease patients (n = 10) were subgrouped into non-inflamed (histologically unaffected) and slightly inflamed tissues and studied in Ussing chambers, with normal ileal specimens from colon cancer patients (n = 9) as controls. Endocytotic uptake into enterocytes of the protein antigen horseradish peroxidase was assessed by measuring the area of horseradish peroxidase containing endosomes in electron photomicrographs. Mucosal tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) mRNA was quantified using real time polymerase chain reaction. For comparison, the effects of low doses of TNF-α on endosomal uptake of horseradish peroxidase were studied in cultured T84 cells grown on filter supports. Results: The area of horseradish peroxidase containing endosomes was increased (p<0.001) in enterocytes of non-inflamed ileum of Crohn's disease (2.8 (0.7) μm2/300 μm2) compared with control ileum (0.6 (0.06)). In non-inflamed mucosa, a significant association between endosomal uptake and mucosal expression of TNF-α mRNA (p = 0.03) was found. Low concentrations of TNF-α (0.25-1.0 ng/ml) enhanced the endosomal uptake of horseradish peroxidase in polarised T84 cells, without affecting transepithelial electrical resistance. Conclusions: Our findings suggest increased endosomal uptake of antigens in ileal Crohn's disease that may be mediated by TNF-α. These data highlight the transcellular route of antigen uptake in barrier dysfunction and implicate the interaction between epithelial cells and the innate immune system in the development of mucosal inflammation.
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| 16. |
- Djoussé, L, et al.
(author)
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Interaction of normal and expanded CAG repeat sizes influences age at onset of Huntington disease.
- 2003
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In: American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part A. - : Wiley. - 1552-4825 .- 1552-4833. ; 119A:3, s. 279-82
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Huntington disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by the abnormal expansion of CAG repeats in the HD gene on chromosome 4p16.3. Past studies have shown that the size of expanded CAG repeat is inversely associated with age at onset (AO) of HD. It is not known whether the normal Huntington allele size influences the relation between the expanded repeat and AO of HD. Data collected from two independent cohorts were used to test the hypothesis that the unexpanded CAG repeat interacts with the expanded CAG repeat to influence AO of HD. In the New England Huntington Disease Center Without Walls (NEHD) cohort of 221 HD affected persons and in the HD-MAPS cohort of 533 HD affected persons, we found evidence supporting an interaction between the expanded and unexpanded CAG repeat sizes which influences AO of HD (P = 0.08 and 0.07, respectively). The association was statistically significant when both cohorts were combined (P = 0.012). The estimated heritability of the AO residual was 0.56 after adjustment for normal and expanded repeats and their interaction. An analysis of tertiles of repeats sizes revealed that the effect of the normal allele is seen among persons with large HD repeat sizes (47-83). These findings suggest that an increase in the size of the normal repeat may mitigate the expression of the disease among HD affected persons with large expanded CAG repeats.
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| 17. |
- Liu, Bingbing, et al.
(author)
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Synthesis and characterization of single-walled nanotubes produced with Ce as catalyst
- 2000
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In: Molecular Materials: Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Section C, vol. 13. - : Overseas Publishers Association N.V.. ; , s. 75-80
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We have studied the effect of using rare-earth elements C (typically +4 oxide state) and Eu (typically +2 oxide state) together with nanometer Ni as catalysts to synthesize SWNT in high yield by arc evaporation. A black collar deposit containing mainly SWNT was formed in the presence of Ce/Ni while only nanometer carbon particles were formed using Eu/Ni, as identified by SEM, TEM and Raman spectra. The Raman spectra of our SWNT mats show difference from spectra shown in the literature in a low frequency range, indicating that our mats contain chiral tubes. The temperature dependent resistance of SWNT mats was also measured. A semiconducting behaviour was observed with a negative dR/dT and no resistance minimum from 2 to 350 K. The resistance follows a 2D variable range hopping behaviour.
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