| 11. |
- Lin, Hao, et al.
(author)
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Stable and efficient hybrid Ag-In-S/ZnS@SiO2-carbon quantum dots nanocomposites for white light-emitting diodes
- 2020
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In: Chemical Engineering Journal. - : Elsevier. - 1385-8947 .- 1873-3212. ; 393
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- As a promising energy-saving technique, the eco-friendly and low-cost solid-state white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) based on quantum dots (QDs) have been widely studied. Herein, a WLED device prepared by core-shell structure nanocomposites based on Ag-In-S/ZnS@SiO2 quantum dots (AIS@SiO2) and carbon quantum dots (CDs) was successfully constructed. CDs were combined onto the surface of AIS@SiO2 QDs to synthesize Ag-In-S/ZnS@SiO2-Carbon quantum dots (AIS-CDs) nanocomposites with a white-light emission, which successfully overcome the quenching effect of CDs induced by conventional aggregation. The as-prepared AIS-CDs nanocomposites presented high stability and a photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 35%. Moreover, the corresponding AIS-CDs nanocomposites-based WLEDs demonstrated the color coordinate of (0.32, 0.33), which is comparable to the pure white light (0.33, 0.33); furthermore, the luminous efficiency of the as-prepared WLEDs showed 15.1 lm W-1. These results reported herein may open up a new avenue for the development of high-performance, low-cost, and environmentally-friendly WLEDs.
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| 12. |
- Ntalla, Ioanna, et al.
(author)
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Multi-ancestry GWAS of the electrocardiographic PR interval identifies 202 loci underlying cardiac conduction
- 2020
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In: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 11:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The electrocardiographic PR interval reflects atrioventricular conduction, and is associated with conduction abnormalities, pacemaker implantation, atrial fibrillation (AF), and cardiovascular mortality. Here we report a multi-ancestry (N=293,051) genome-wide association meta-analysis for the PR interval, discovering 202 loci of which 141 have not previously been reported. Variants at identified loci increase the percentage of heritability explained, from 33.5% to 62.6%. We observe enrichment for cardiac muscle developmental/contractile and cytoskeletal genes, highlighting key regulation processes for atrioventricular conduction. Additionally, 8 loci not previously reported harbor genes underlying inherited arrhythmic syndromes and/or cardiomyopathies suggesting a role for these genes in cardiovascular pathology in the general population. We show that polygenic predisposition to PR interval duration is an endophenotype for cardiovascular disease, including distal conduction disease, AF, and atrioventricular pre-excitation. These findings advance our understanding of the polygenic basis of cardiac conduction, and the genetic relationship between PR interval duration and cardiovascular disease. On the electrocardiogram, the PR interval reflects conduction from the atria to ventricles and also serves as risk indicator of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Here, the authors perform genome-wide meta-analyses for PR interval in multiple ancestries and identify 141 previously unreported genetic loci.
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| 13. |
- Shi, Furong, et al.
(author)
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A Nitroxide Radical Conjugated Polymer as an Additive to Reduce Nonradiative Energy Loss in Organic Solar Cells
- 2023
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In: Advanced Materials. - : Wiley. - 0935-9648 .- 1521-4095. ; 35:23
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Nonfullerene-acceptor-based organic solar cells (NFA-OSCs) are now set off to the 20% power conversion efficiency milestone. To achieve this, minimizing all loss channels, including nonradiative photovoltage losses, seems a necessity. Nonradiative recombination, to a great extent, is known to be an inherent material property due to vibrationally induced decay of charge-transfer (CT) states or their back electron transfer to the triplet excitons. Herein, it is shown that the use of a new conjugated nitroxide radical polymer with 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl piperidine-1-oxyl side groups (GDTA) as an additive results in an improvement of the photovoltaic performance of NFA-OSCs based on different active layer materials. Upon the addition of GDTA, the open-circuit voltage (VOC), fill factor (FF), and short-circuit current density (JSC) improve simultaneously. This approach is applied to several material systems including state-of-the-art donor/acceptor pairs showing improvement from 15.8% to 17.6% (in the case of PM6:Y6) and from 17.5% to 18.3% (for PM6:BTP-eC9). Then, the possible reasons behind the observed improvements are discussed. The results point toward the suppression of the CT state to triplet excitons loss channel. This work presents a facile, promising, and generic approach to further improve the performance of NFA-OSCs.
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| 14. |
- Shi, Haonan, et al.
(author)
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Prevalence, risk factors, impact and management of pneumonia among preschool children in Chinese seven cities : a cross-sectional study with interrupted time series analysis
- 2023
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In: BMC Medicine. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1741-7015. ; 21
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Pneumonia is a common disease worldwide in preschool children. Despite its large population size, China has had no comprehensive study of the national prevalence, risk factors, and management of pneumonia among preschool children. We therefore investigated the prevalence of pneumonia among preschool children in Chinese seven representative cities, and explore the possible risk factors of pneumonia on children, with a view to calling the world's attention to childhood pneumonia to reduce the prevalence of childhood pneumonia.Methods: Two group samples of 63,663 and 52,812 preschool children were recruited from 2011 and 2019 surveys, respectively. Which were derived from the cross-sectional China, Children, Homes, Health (CCHH) study using a multi-stage stratified sampling method. This survey was conducted in kindergartens in seven representative cities. Exclusion criteria were younger than 2 years old or older than 8 years old, non-permanent population, basic information such as gender, date of birth and breast feeding is incomplete. Pneumonia was determined on the basis of parents reported history of clearly diagnosed by the physician. All participants were assessed with a standard questionnaire. Risk factors for pneumonia, and association between pneumonia and other respiratory diseases were examined by multivariable-adjusted analyses done in all participants for whom data on the variables of interest were available. Disease management was evaluated by the parents' reported history of physician diagnosis, longitudinal comparison of risk factors in 2011 and 2019.Results: In 2011 and 2019, 31,277 (16,152 boys and 15,125 girls) and 32,016 (16,621 boys and 15,395 girls) preschool children aged at 2-8 of permanent population completed the questionnaire, respectively, and were thus included in the final analysis. The findings showed that the age-adjusted prevalence of pneumonia in children was 32.7% in 2011 and 26.4% in 2019. In 2011, girls (odds ratio [OR] 0.91, 95%CI [confidence interval]0.87-0.96; p = 0.0002), rural (0.85, 0.73-0.99; p = 0.0387), duration of breastfeeding & GE; 6 months(0.83, 0.79-0.88; p < 0.0001), birth weight (g) & GE; 4000 (0.88, 0.80-0.97; p = 0.0125), frequency of putting bedding to sunshine (Often) (0.82, 0.71-0.94; p = 0.0049), cooking fuel type (electricity) (0.87, 0.80-0.94; p = 0.0005), indoor use air-conditioning (0.85, 0.80-0.90; p < 0.0001) were associated with a reduced risk of childhood pneumonia. Age (4-6) (1.11, 1.03-1.20; p = 0.0052), parental smoking (one) (1.12, 1.07-1.18; p < 0.0001), used antibiotics (2.71, 2.52-2.90; p < 0.0001), history of parental allergy (one and two) (1.21, 1.12-1.32; p < 0.0001 and 1.33, 1.04-1.69; p = 0.0203), indoor dampness (1.24, 1.15-1.33; p < 0.0001), home interior decoration (1.11, 1.04-1.19; p = 0.0013), Wall painting materials (Paint) (1.16, 1.04-1.29; p = 0.0084), flooring materials (Laminate / Composite wood) (1.08, 1.02-1.16; p = 0.0126), indoor heating mode(Central heating)(1.18, 1.07-1.30, p = 0.0090), asthma (2.38, 2.17-2.61; p < 0.0001), allergic rhinitis (1.36, 1.25-1.47; p < 0.0001), wheezing (1.64, 1.55-1.74; p < 0.0001) were associated with an elevated risk of childhood pneumonia; pneumonia was associated with an elevated risk of childhood asthma (2.53, 2.31-2.78; p < 0.0001), allergic rhinitis (1.41, 1.29-1.53; p < 0.0001) and wheezing (1.64, 1.55-1.74; p < 0.0001). In 2019, girls (0.92, 0. 87-0.97; p = 0.0019), duration of breastfeeding & GE; 6 months (0.92, 0.87-0.97; p = 0.0031), used antibiotics (0.22, 0.21-0.24; p < 0.0001), cooking fuel type (Other) (0.40, 0.23-0.63; p = 0.0003), indoor use air-conditioning (0.89, 0.83-0.95; p = 0.0009) were associated with a reduced risk of childhood pneumonia. Urbanisation (Suburb) (1.10, 1.02-1.18; p = 0.0093), premature birth (1.29, 1.08-1.55; p = 0.0051), birth weight (g) < 2500 (1.17, 1.02-1.35; p = 0.0284), parental smoking (1.30, 1.23-1.38; p < 0.0001), history of parental asthma (One) (1.23, 1.03-1.46; p = 0.0202), history of parental allergy (one and two) (1.20, 1.13-1.27; p < 0.0001 and 1.22, 1.08-1.37; p = 0.0014), cooking fuel type (Coal) (1.58, 1.02-2.52; p = 0.0356), indoor dampness (1.16, 1.08-1.24; p < 0.0001), asthma (1.88, 1.64-2.15; p < 0.0001), allergic rhinitis (1.57, 1.45-1.69; p < 0.0001), wheezing (2.43, 2.20-2.68; p < 0.0001) were associated with an elevated risk of childhood pneumonia; pneumonia was associated with an elevated risk of childhood asthma (1.96, 1.72-2.25; p < 0.0001), allergic rhinitis (1.60, 1.48-1.73; p < 0.0001) and wheezing (2.49, 2.25-2.75; p < 0.0001).Conclusions: Pneumonia is prevalent among preschool children in China, and it affects other childhood respiratory diseases. Although the prevalence of pneumonia in Chinese children shows a decreasing trend in 2019 compared to 2011, a well-established management system is still needed to further reduce the prevalence of pneumonia and reduce the burden of disease in children.
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| 15. |
- Wang, Haibin, et al.
(author)
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Strain in Copper/Ceria Heterostructure Promotes Electrosynthesis of Multicarbon Products
- 2023
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In: ACS Nano. - : American Chemical Society. - 1936-0851 .- 1936-086X. ; 17:1, s. 346-354
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Elastic strains in metallic catalysts induce enhanced selectivity for carbon dioxide reduction (CO2R) toward valuable multicarbon (C2+) products. However, under working conditions, the structure of catalysts inevitably undergoes reconstruction, hardly retaining the initial strain. Herein, we present a metal/metal oxide synthetic strategy to introduce and maintain the tensile strain in a copper/ceria heterostructure, enabled by the presence of a thin interface layer of Cu2O/CeO2. The tensile strain in the copper domain and deficient electron environment around interfacial Cu sites resulted in strengthened adsorption of carbonaceous intermediates and promoted*CO dimerization. The strain effect in the copper/ceria heterostructure leads to an improved C2+ selectivity with a maximum Faradaic efficiency of 76.4% and a half-cell power conversion efficiency of 49.1%. The fundamental insights gained from this system can facilitate the rational design of heterostructure catalysts for CO2R.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Wang, Yuqi, et al.
(author)
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Electrolyte-Mediated Misconception of Carbon-Based Electrode Performance and Beyond in Metal-Ion Batteries
- 2023
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In: Advanced Energy Materials. - : Wiley-VCH Verlagsgesellschaft. - 1614-6832 .- 1614-6840. ; 13:29
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A half-cell that is composed of electrode and metal (e.g., lithium) is the most classical model for examining electrode performance in battery community, by which the voltage versus capacity profile is the important indicator. However, it is found that these results are not all reliable, as a misconception of electrode performance can be caused once the electrolyte is chemically unstable. As a paradigm, it is demonstrated that the diethyl carbonate (DEC) solvent can chemically react with lithium metal to form insoluble and soluble by-products, which can accumulate on the lithium anode to influence the lithium potential and/or migrate to the counter electrode to proceed with the uncompleted electrochemical reactions. The resultant voltage-capacity profile cannot reflect the actual electrode performance, such as the lithium storing capability within the graphite. The reason for this phenomenon is elucidated based on solvation chemistry, particularly the mechanism of mitigating it by introducing ethylene carbonatesolvent to form new hydrogen bonds. The viewpoint is further verified by employing the full cell and also extended in sodium and potassium batteries. This study shows the necessity of discerning the reliability of electrode performance and also sheds light on the importance of designing a compatible electrolyte to examine electrode performance.
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| 19. |
- Yao, Baozhen, et al.
(author)
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Dynamic Pricing for Mobile Charging Service Considering Electric Vehicles Spatiotemporal Distribution
- 2023
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In: Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies. - 2190-3026 .- 2190-3018. ; 356, s. 23-33
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- As mobile charging service has the advantages of flexible charging and simple operation, it is selected by more and more users of electric vehicles. However, due to the differences in road network density and traffic flow distribution, the uneven distribution of charging demand occurs in different regions. It reduces the service efficiency of mobile charging vehicles during the peak charging demand period, thus affecting the final revenue of operators. In order to solve this problem, this paper proposes a dynamic pricing strategy considering the spatiotemporal distribution of charging demand to induce users to transfer between different regions, which can alleviate the phenomenon that users wait too long during peak demand. In order to realize the city-level operation of mobile charging service, we divide the region into hexagons and make statistics on the charging demand in each region. The established demand updating model can reflect the impact of charging price on users’ charging behavior. Finally, we simulate the generation of charging demand in Haidian District, Beijing. According to the demand of each area, a thermodynamic diagram of charging demand is generated.
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| 20. |
- Yao, Baozhen, et al.
(author)
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LSTM-Based Vehicle Trajectory Prediction Using UAV Aerial Data
- 2023
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In: Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies. - 2190-3026 .- 2190-3018. ; 356, s. 13-21
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Accurately predicting the trajectory of a vehicle is a critical capability for autonomous vehicles (AVs). While human drivers can infer the future trajectory of other vehicles in the next few seconds based on information such as experience and traffic rules, most of the widely used Advance Driving Assistance Systems (ADAS) need to provide better trajectory prediction. They are usually only of limited use in emergencies such as sudden braking. In this paper, we propose a trajectory prediction network structure based on LSTM neural networks, which can accurately predict the future trajectory of a vehicle based on its historical trajectory. Unlike previous studies focusing only on trajectory prediction for highways without intersections, our network uses vehicle trajectory data from aerial photographs of intersections taken by Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). The speed of vehicles at this location fluctuates more frequently, so predicting the trajectory of vehicles at intersections is of great importance for autonomous driving.
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