| 11. |
- Borg, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Users' perspectives on the provision of assistive technologies in Bangladesh: awareness, providers, costs and barriers.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Disability and rehabilitation. Assistive technology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1748-3115 .- 1748-3107. ; :Oct 27, s. 1-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstracts Purpose: The purpose of this work was to contribute to a better understanding of challenges and solutions to equitable provision of assistive technologies in resource limited environments by (i) describing sources of awareness, types of providers and costs of assistive technologies; (ii) describing common reasons for not possessing assistive technologies; and (iii) comparing these sources, providers, costs and reasons among younger and older men and women living in urban and rural settings. Methods: Descriptive and analytic statistics were used to analyze cross-sectional data from a total sample of 581 hearing aid users, wheelchair users, individuals with hearing impairments not using hearing aids and individuals with ambulatory impairments not using wheelchairs living in eight districts of Bangladesh. Results: Major sources of awareness, types of providers and costs paid varied between users of different types of assistive technology. Lack of affordability was the main reason for not possessing assistive technology. Outcome differences were found between younger and older groups, men and women, and literate and illiterate respondents, while no differences related to place of living were identified. Conclusions: Age, gender, type of impairment and socioeconomic status need to be considered when planning and implementing equitable provision of assistive technologies. Implications for Rehabilitation Provision of assistive technologies needs to be made affordable as lack of affordability was the major reason for not possessing such technologies. To ensure equitable provision of assistive technology, services ought to consider age, gender, impairment and socioeconomic status of their target groups. This includes offering a range of products of different sizes provided by culturally appropriate personnel at affordable cost, which to many may be at no or reduced cost. To cater to the assistive technology needs among the most vulnerable groups, assistive technology providers may learn from CBR strategies, such as, awareness raising and service delivery at community level, the use of local resources, collaboration and coordination, and the consideration of cultural factors.
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| 12. |
- Brattberg, Gunilla
(författare)
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Internet-based rehabilitation for individuals with chronic pain and burnout : a randomized trial
- 2006
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Ingår i: International Journal of Rehabilitation Research. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0342-5282 .- 1473-5660. ; 29:3, s. 221-227
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigates utilization of the Internet in the rehabilitation of people on long-term sick leave with chronic pain and/or burnout. Fifty-five people were randomly assigned to two groups: a treatment group (n = 27) that participated in a rehabilitation course over the Internet and a waiting list group (n = 28). The goals were to improve participants' health and increase quality of life, and, for those who were not on permanent disability pensions, to increase work capacity, if possible. A 20-week program, based on 19 films on different themes, was supplemented with written material and a Socratic dialogue over the Internet. Upon completion of the rehabilitation course, statistically significant improvements were observed in the treatment group in comparison to the waiting list group, for variables such as depression, pain, vitality, social function, performance problems involving work or other activities due to physical illness and the presence of stress symptoms. Thirteen of 23 individuals (57%) also increased their work capacity. The number needed to treat regarding recovering from anxiety and depression was 2. For increased work capacity, the number needed to treat was 3. Rehabilitation of people on long-term sick leave carried out over the Internet is a good complement to other rehabilitation programs.
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| 13. |
- Brogårdh, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Mode of hand training determines cortical reorganisation: A randomized controlled study in healthy adults
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1651-2081 .- 1650-1977. ; 42:8, s. 789-794
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To evaluate two commonly used forms of hand training with respect to influence on dexterity and cortical reorganization. Subjects: Thirty healthy volunteers (mean age 24.2 years). Methods: The subjects were randomized to 25 min of shaping exercises or general activity training of the non-dominant hand. The dexterity and the cortical motor maps (number of excitable positions) of the abductor pollicis brevis muscle were evaluated pre- and post-training by the Purdue Peg Board test and transcranial magnetic stimulation, respectively. Results: After shaping exercises the dexterity increased significantly (p <= 0.005) for both hands, mostly so in the non-dominant hand. The cortical motor map of the abductor pollicis brevis muscle shifted forwardly into the pre-motor area without expanding. After general activity training, no significant improvements in dexterity were found for the non-dominant hand. The cortical motor map of the non-dominant abductor pollicis brevis muscle expanded significantly (p = 0.03) in the posterior (sensory) direction. Conclusion: These results indicate that shaping exercises, but not general activity training, increase dexterity of the trained non-dominant hand in parallel with a shift of location of active transcranial magnetic stimulation positions. Shifts of active cortical areas might be important for the interpretation of brain plasticity in common behavioural tasks.
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| 14. |
- Brunnberg, Elinor, et al.
(författare)
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Tinnitus and hearing loss in 15-16-year-old students : mental health symptoms, substance use, and exposure in school
- 2008
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Ingår i: International Journal of Audiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 47:11, s. 688-694
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The current study assessed the responses from a survey titled ”Life and Health – Young People 2005”, completed by 2.878 15-16 year-old adolescents in mainstream schools in the county of Örebro, Sweden. Thirty-nine percent of students with hearing loss (slight, mild, or moderate) and 6% of students with normal hearing reported tinnitus often or always during the past three months. Almost no gender difference was observed among students with normal hearing reporting tinnitus (boys 6.3%, girls 5.6%); however, a gender difference was noticed among hard-of-hearing (HH) students (boys 50%, girls 28%). Adolescents with both hearing loss and tinnitus reported considerably higher scores for mental symptoms, substance use, and school problems than other students. Anxiety in the past three months, male gender, and alcohol consumption in the past year were associated with tinnitus in HH students; irritation and anxiety in the past three months, disability, use of illicit drugs, and truancy predicted tinnitus in the normal hearing group. Consequently, students with a hearing loss and tinnitus are at high risk and should be monitored for subsequent problems.
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| 15. |
- Bärebring, Linnea, et al.
(författare)
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Sociodemographic factors associated with dietary supplement use in early pregnancy in a Swedish cohort.
- 2018
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Ingår i: The British journal of nutrition. - 1475-2662. ; Jan;119:1, s. 90-95
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sociodemographic factors have been associated with dietary supplement use among pregnant women but few data exist in a Swedish population. This study aimed to identify factors associated with overall supplement use as well as use of folic acid, vitamin D and n-3 in early pregnancy. Women in the first trimester of pregnancy were included at registration to the antenatal care in 2013-2014 (n 2109). Information regarding supplement use as well as sociodemographic and anthropometric data were obtained from questionnaires and medical records. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the relationship between sociodemographic variables and supplement use. A total of 78 % of the participants reported using at least one dietary supplement in the first trimester. Folic acid supplement use was reported by 74 %, vitamin D supplement use by 43 % and n-3 supplement use by <5 %. Use of any type of supplement in early pregnancy was related to gestational age, parity, birthplace, education and employment. Folic acid supplement use was related to gestational age, parity, birthplace, income, education and employment. Vitamin D supplement use was related to gestational age, birthplace and education. In conclusion, in the first trimester of pregnancy, folic acid supplements were used by three in four women, while vitamin D supplements were used by less than half of the women. The results of this study show a socioeconomic disparity between supplement users and non-users which may have a negative impact on the health of future generations.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Cedergren Weber, Gustav, et al.
(författare)
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The Impact of COVID-19 on Parkinson's Disease : A Case-Controlled Registry and Questionnaire Study on Clinical Markers and Patients' Perceptions
- 2023
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 2023
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease with motor and nonmotor symptoms. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).Objectives: To explore how COVID-19 affects motor, nonmotor, and general health aspects of PD and to map how PD patients perceive their change in symptoms since falling ill with COVID-19.Method: The study was descriptive, case-controlled, and based on both registry and questionnaire data. At baseline, the controls were matched on age, sex, and disease severity. Information on the severity of the disease, nonmotor symptoms, motor symptoms, and general health was retrieved from the Swedish Registry for PD. Registry data from a COVID-19 group (n=45) and a control group (n=73), as well as questionnaires from a COVID-19 group (n=24) and a control group (n=42), were compared.Results: We did not find that SARS-CoV-2 infection affects any major aspect of nonmotor symptoms, motor symptoms, general health, and perception of change in PD patients' post-COVID-19. Compared to controls, the COVID-19 group reported a more positive subjective experience of pain and quality of life and a perception of change post-COVID-19 regarding general motor function, sleep quality, and mood (all p<0.05).Conclusion: Although SARS-CoV-2 infection does not seem to affect PD symptoms in any major respect, the subjective experience of several aspects of life in PD patients might be slightly improved post-COVID-19 compared to a control group. The findings warrant further investigations due to the small sample size and possible survivorship bias.
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| 18. |
- Christiansen, Mats, med. lic. 1972-
(författare)
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Regionpolitiker smiter från egna ansvaret
- 2022
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Ingår i: Svenska Dagbladet. - Stockholm : Schibsted Forlag. - 1101-2412.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Rop på vaccin stoppar inte spridning av apkoppor. Det är tydligt att hälso- och sjukvårdsregionråd inte tar ansvaret för åtgärder som minskar smittspridning. Det skriver specialistsjuksköterska Mats Christiansen i en replik.
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| 19. |
- Dalal, Koustuv, et al.
(författare)
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Female genital mutilation : a multi-country study
- 2015
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Ingår i: HealthMed. - Sarajevo, Bosnia & Herzegovina : DRUNPP. - 1840-2291 .- 1986-8103. ; 9:4, s. 161-167
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Female genital mutilation (FGM) is a major women’s health problem and human right violation. FGM has several physical and psychological consequences. The focus of the current study is the extent of FGM, the association of demographic and economic factors with FGM and women’s beliefs and attitudes towards FGM in Egypt, Guinea, Mali and Sierra Leone. Methods: The study used national representative, cross-sectional, household sample surveys with large sample of women of reproductive age (15 – 49 years) from each country. Multi stage cluster sampling and face-to-face interviews were used. It was cross-sectional analysis, using DHS data. Cross tabulation, multivariate analyses and bar-diagram were used. Results: In Egypt 94%, in Guinea 97%, in Mali 89% and in Sierra Leone, 91%) women had genital mutilation. The majority of the respondents believe that FGM that FGM is socially acceptable and a religious obligation. Majority of the respondents believe that FGM helps to maintain virginity and that it leads to better marriage prospects and the prevention of adultery. Conclusions: The majority of women in the four countries argued in favor for the continuation of FGM. There is an inverse relationship between FGM and higher education and affluence. Proper policies and awareness generation among less educated and less affluent women in rural areas are warranted in an attempt to reduce FGM.
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| 20. |
- de Alwis, Pahansen, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Exposure aboard high-performance Marine craft increases musculoskeletal pain and lowers contemporary work capacity of the occupants
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Engineering for the Maritime Environment (Part M). - : SAGE Publications. - 1475-0902 .- 2041-3084. ; 235:3, s. 750-762
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-Performance Marine Craft (HPMC) occupants are currently being investigated for various psychophysical impairments degrading work performance postulating that these deteriorations are related to their occupational exposures. However, scientific evidence for this is lacking and the association of exposure conditions aboard HPMC with adverse health and performance effects is unknown. Therefore, the study estimates the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain (MSP) among HPMC occupants and the association of their work exposure with MSP and performance degradation. It also presents a criterion for evaluating the self-reported exposure severity aboard three different types of mono-hull HPMC; displacement, semi-displacement and planing, on a par with the available standard criteria for objectively measurable exposures. Furthermore, another criterion is proposed to assess the performance-degradation of HPMC occupants based on self-reported fatigue symptoms and MSP. Swedish Coast Guard HPMC occupants were surveyed for MSP, fatigue symptoms as well as for work-related and individual risk indicators using a validated web-based questionnaire. Prevalence of MSP and performance-degradation during the past 12 months were assessed and presented as a percentage of the sample. Associations of exposure conditions aboard HPMC with MSP and performance-capacity were systematically evaluated using multiple logistic regression models and expressed as odds ratio (OR). Prevalence of MSP was 72% among which lower back pain was the most prevalent (46%) followed by neck pain (29%) and shoulder pain (23%) while 29% with degraded performance. Exposure to severe conditions aboard semi-displacement craft was associated with lower back (OR = 2.3) and shoulder (OR = 2.6) pain while severe conditions aboard planing craft with neck pain (OR = 2.3) and performance-degradation (OR = 2.6). MSP is common among Swedish coast guards. Severe exposure conditions aboard HPMC are significantly associated with both MSP and performance-degradation. The spine and shoulders are the most susceptible to work-related MSP among HPMC occupants which should be targeted in work-related preventive and corrective measures.
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