| 41. |
- Pathak, Surajit, et al.
(författare)
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Review on comparative efficacy of bevacizumab, panitumumab and cetuximab antibody therapy with combination of FOLFOX-4 in KRAS-mutated colorectal cancer patients
- 2018
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Ingår i: Oncotarget. - : Impact Journals, LLC. - 1949-2553. ; 9:7, s. 7739-7748
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Colorectal cancer, fourth leading form of cancer worldwide and is increasing in alarming rate in the developing countries. Treating colorectal cancer has become a big challenge worldwide and several antibody therapies such as bevacizumab, panitumumab and cetuximab are being used with limited success. Moreover, mutation in KRAS gene which is linked with the colorectal cancer initiation and progression further interferes with the antibody therapies. Considering median progression free survival and overall survival in account, this review focuses to identify the most efficient antibody therapy in combination with chemotherapy (FOLFOX-4) in KRAS mutated colorectal cancer patients. The bevacizumab plus FOLFOX-4 therapy shows about 9.3 months and 8.7 months of progression free survival for KRAS wild and mutant type, respectively. The overall survival is about 34.8 months for wild type whereas for the mutant it is inconclusive for the same therapy. In comparison, panitumumab results in better progression-free survival which is about (9.6 months) and overall survival is about (23.9 months) for the wild type KRAS and the overall survival is about 15.5 months for the mutant KRAS. Cetuximab plus FOLFOX-4 therapy shows about 7.7 months and 5.5 months of progression-free survival for wild type KRAS and mutant type, respectively. Thus, panitumumab shows significant improvement in overall survival rate for wild type KRAS, validating as a cost effective therapeutic for colorectal cancer therapy. This review depicts that panitumumab along with FOLFOX-4 has a higher response in colorectal cancer patients than the either of the two monoclonal antibodies plus FOLFOX-4.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Pham, Tuan D., et al.
(författare)
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Artificial intelligence fusion for predicting survival of rectal cancer patients using immunohistochemical expression of Ras homolog family member B in biopsy
- 2023
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Ingår i: Exploration of Targeted Anti-tumor Therapy. - : Open Exploration Publishing. - 2692-3114. ; 4:1, s. 1-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The process of biomarker discovery is being accelerated with the application of artificial intelligence (AI), including machine learning. Biomarkers of diseases are useful because they are indicators of pathogenesis or measures of responses to therapeutic treatments, and therefore, play a key role in new drug development. Proteins are among the candidates for biomarkers of rectal cancer, which need to be explored using state-of-the-art AI to be utilized for prediction, prognosis, and therapeutic treatment. This paper aims to investigate the predictive power of Ras homolog family member B (RhoB) protein in rectal cancer.Methods: This study introduces the integration of pretrained convolutional neural networks and support vector machines (SVMs) for classifying biopsy samples of immunohistochemical expression of protein RhoB in rectal-cancer patients to validate its biologic measure in biopsy. Features of the immunohistochemical expression images were extracted by the pretrained networks and used for binary classification by the SVMs into two groups of less and more than 5-year survival rates.Results: The fusion of neural search architecture network (NASNet)-Large for deep-layer feature extraction and classifier using SVMs provided the best average classification performance with a total accuracy = 85%, prediction of survival rate of more than 5 years = 90%, and prediction of survival rate of less than 5 years = 75%.Conclusions: The finding obtained from the use of AI reported in this study suggest that RhoB expression on rectal-cancer biopsy can be potentially used as a biomarker for predicting survival outcomes in rectal-cancer patients, which can be informative for clinical decision making if the patient would be recommended for preoperative therapy.
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Shruthi, N. R., et al.
(författare)
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Drug Repurposing in Cancer
- 2023. - 1
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Ingår i: Drug Repurposing for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Cancer. - Singapore : Springer. - 9789811953989 - 9789811953996 ; , s. 159-179
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The discovery of drug compounds has a long history in drug repurposing, notably by fortuitous findings. It has taken a new path in the creation of novel therapeutics based on existent or authorized drugs in recent years. Importantly, our knowledge of cancer biology and the related cancer hallmarks is growing. This, together with repurposing studies that use modern bioinformatics and comprehensive screening of the complete pharmacopeia, should lead to the discovery of novel medicines and targets. Furthermore, the usage of non-oncology pharmaceuticals, which make up most of our treatments, has the potential to speed up drug repurposing even further. We looked at both phenotypic-based and target-based methods of medication repurposing as well as described and assessed old non-oncology medications as prospective candidates for drug repurposing based on a broad knowledge of these principles and associated investigations of drug repurposing over the previous decade. Some of these medications successfully regulate at least one characteristic of cancer, whereas the others have a broad anticancer activity by regulating several targets through different signaling pathways, which is often brought on by various simultaneous signaling pathways. Furthermore, the emergence of computerized databases of disease gene targets, functional readouts, and clinical data encompassing inter-individual genetic variants and toxicities has allowed an alternative “big data” approach to grow at an unheard-of rate during the past decade. Here, we review the sources that are now on hand and speculate on significant upside possibilities.
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| 46. |
- Skoglund, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Clinicopathological significance of stromelysin-3 expression in colorectal cancer
- 2004
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Ingår i: Oncology. - : S. Karger AG. - 0890-9091 .- 0030-2414 .- 1423-0232. ; 67:1, s. 67-72
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Stromelysin-3 (ST3) is a member of the matrix metalloproteinases and suggested to play a role in tissue remodeling observed in growth and metastasis of tumors. ST3 overexpression in breast cancer is associated with a worse outcome. Our aims were to analyze ST3 expression in primary colorectal tumors and metastases, and further to identify relationships of the expression to clinicopathological factors. Materials and Methods: ST3 expression was immunohistochemically analyzed in 200 primary colorectal adenocarcinomas and 36 corresponding lymph node metastases. Results: Scoring was performed by counting the percentages of positive cells and the percentages of positive areas. One hundred and one (51%) cases showed ≤5% positive cells and 99 (49%) >5% positive cells. One hundred and two (51%) cases showed ≤30% positive area and 98 (49%) >30% positive area. ST3 expression determined by both scoring methods was individually related to females, distally located tumors, infiltrative growth pattern and microsatellite stability. No relationship was found with age, Dukes' stage, differentiation and survival. Conclusions: These results suggest that ST3 protein was more involved in the pathway of colorectal cancer development in females, distal locations, infiltrative growth patterns and microsatellite stability. Copyright © 2004 S. Karger AG, Basel.
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| 47. |
- Subramaniam, Vimala Devi, et al.
(författare)
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Comparative study on anti-proliferative potentials of zinc oxide and aluminium oxide nanoparticles in colon cancer cells
- 2019
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Ingår i: Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis. - : Mattioli 1885. - 0392-4203. ; 90:2, s. 241-247
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Use of commercial products containing nanoparticles formulated from zinc oxide (ZnO) and aluminium oxide (Al2O-3) has increased significantly. These nanoparticles are widely used as ingredient in cosmetics, and also in food packaging industry although their toxicity status is yet to be studied. Here, we aimed to explore the effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) and aluminium oxide nanoparticles (ANPs) in human HT29 colon cancer cell line.
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| 48. |
- Sun, Xiao-Feng, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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Bcl-2 expression is a prognostic factor in the subgroups of patients with colorectal cancer.
- 2003
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Ingår i: International Journal of Oncology. - 1019-6439 .- 1791-2423. ; 23:5, s. 1439-1443
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The prognostic significance of Bcl-2 expression in colorectal cancer has been intensively studied, however, the results were controversial in the whole group of colorectal cancer patients. We proposed that one of the main reasons for such controversial results may be that Bcl-2 played variable roles in the subgroup of patients. We, therefore, investigated the prognostic importance of Bcl-2 expression by using immunohistochemistry in the various subgroups of 147 patients with colorectal cancer. Among these tumours, 85 (58%) expressed Bcl-2 protein and 62 (42%) were negative. Bcl-2 expression was positively related to DCC expression (p=0.0002). Survival analyses in the subgroups of the patients showed that lack of Bcl-2 expression was related to a worse prognosis in the male patients (p=0.02) but not in female patients (p=0.53), in the patients with DNA diploid tumours (p=0.005) not in the patients with non-diploid tumours (p=0.46), and in the patients with ras negative tumours (p=0.01) not in the patients with ras positive tumours (p=0.25). Bcl-2 expression was not related to prognosis in the total group of the patients (p=0.20). In conclusion, Bcl-2 protein may play variable prognostic roles in the subgroups of the patients with colorectal cancer. Analysis of Bcl-2 expression in the tumour may be of value in predicting prognosis and therapeutic response.
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| 49. |
- Sun, Xiao-Feng, 1959-
(författare)
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Clinicopathological and biological features of DNA tetraploid colorectal cancers
- 2006
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Ingår i: Cancer Journal. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0765-7846 .- 1292-8658 .- 1528-9117. ; 12:6, s. 501-506
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Most studies of colorectal cancers focus on a comparison of DNA diploid to non-diploid tumors consisting of tetraploid and aneuploid tumors. Tetraploid tumors alone have not been well studied. In the present study, clinicopathological and biological features of tetraploid colorectal cancers in contrast to those of diploid and aneuploid ones were investigated. PATIENTS AND METHODS: DNA ploidy in 278 primary colorectal adenocarcinomas was determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS: Among 278 cases, 8% of the cases were tetraploidy, 44% were aneuploidy, and 48% were diploidy. Compared to diploid tumors, tetraploid tumors were more frequent in advanced stage, high index of S-phase fraction and apoptosis, higher expression of Cox-2, c-erbB-2 and heat shock protein, but had decreased inflammatory infiltration (P < 0.05). Compared to aneuploid tumors, tetraploid tumors had a high frequency of microsatellite instability, high expression of Cox-2 and heat shock protein (P < 0.05). Unlike tetraploid tumors, aneuploid tumors had increased p53 expression but did not have microsatellite instability (P < 0.05). Tetraploidy and aneploidy predicted a worse prognosis in the subgroups of stages A-C, proximal colon, p53 negative expression and higher S-phase fraction (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: DNA tetraploid tumors seem, to some extent, to exhibit distinct characteristics of clinicopathology and biology compared with aneuploid or diploid colorectal cancers. Copyright © 2006 Jones and Bartlett Publishers, Inc.
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| 50. |
- Sun, Xiao-Feng, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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Clinicopathological significance of stromal variables : Angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, inflammatory infiltration, MMP and PINCH in colorectal carcinomas
- 2006
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Ingår i: Molecular Cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-4598. ; 5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cancer research has mainly focused on alterations of genes and proteins in cancer cells themselves that result in either gain-of-function in oncogenes or loss-of-function in tumour-suppressor genes. However, stromal variables within or around tumours, including blood and lymph vessels, stromal cells and various proteins, have also important impacts on tumour development and progression. It has been shown that disruption of stromal-epithelial interactions influences cellular proliferation, differentiation, death, motility, genomic integrity, angiogenesis, and other phenotypes in various tissues. Moreover, stromal variables are also critical to therapy in cancer patients. In this review, we mainly focus on the clinicopathological significance of stromal variables including angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, inflammatory infiltration, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), and the particularly interesting new cysteine-histidine rich protein (PINCH) in colorectal cancer (CRC). © 2006 Sun and Zhang, licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
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