| 631. |
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| 632. |
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| 633. |
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| 634. |
- Shen, Cheng, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of global terrestrial near-surface wind speed simulated by CMIP6 models and their future projections
- 2022
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Ingår i: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0077-8923 .- 1749-6632. ; 1518:1, s. 249-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We evaluate the performance of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) models in simulating the observed global terrestrial near-surface wind speed (NSWS) and project its future changes under three different Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs). Results show that the CESM2 has the best ability in reproducing the observed NSWS trends, although all models examined are generally not doing well. Based on projections of CESM2, the global NSWS will decrease from 2021 to 2100 under all three SSPs. The projected NSWS declines significantly over the north of 20 degrees N, especially across North America, Europe, and the mid-to-high latitudes of Asia; meanwhile, it increases over the south of 20 degrees N. Under SSP585, there would be more light-windy days and fewer strong-windy days than those under SSP245, which leads to a significant global NSWS decline. Robust hemispheric-asymmetric changes in the NSWS could be due to the temperature gradient in the two hemispheres under global warming, with -1.2%, -3.5%, and -4.1% in the Northern Hemisphere, and 0.8%, 1.0%, and 1.5% in the Southern Hemisphere, for the near-term (2021-2040), mid-term (2041-2060), and long-term (2081-2100), respectively.
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| 635. |
- Shen, Cheng, et al.
(författare)
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March Near-Surface Wind Speed Hiatus Over China Since 2011
- 2023
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Ingår i: Geophysical Research Letters. - 0094-8276. ; 50:15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous research has extensively explored the "stilling" and "reversal" phenomena in annual near-surface wind speed (NSWS). However, the variations in the strengths of these phenomena between different months remain unclear. Here the monthly changes in observed NSWS from 769 stations across China during 1979-2020 were analyzed. The analysis reveals a consistent decline in NSWS that ceased around 2011, followed by an increasing trend detected in all months except March, where a distinct hiatus is observed. The hiatus in March NSWS is primarily attributed to a significant reduction in NSWS over North and Northwest China. This reduction can be linked to the southward shift of the East Asian subtropical jet (EASJ), which resulted in a decreased meridional temperature gradient and weakened transient eddy activities across northern China. These findings emphasize the importance of considering changes in the EASJ to gain a comprehensive understanding of NSWS changes at regional scale.
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| 636. |
- Shen, G H, et al.
(författare)
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C-terminal neuropeptide Y fragments are mast cell-dependent vasodepressor agents
- 1991
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Ingår i: European Journal of Pharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0014-2999. ; 204:3, s. 249-256
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a well-established vasopressor agent present in sympathetic perivascular nerves. Recently, it was found that high doses of the peptide cause a biphasic pressor-depressor response upon intravenous administration. We now report that C-terminal NPY fragments (NPY-(18-36) and NPY-(22-36] given intravenously to conscious or pithed (areflexive) male Sprague-Dawley rats mimic the depressor component of the NPY-(1-36) response while displaying very low pressor activity. Additionally, we have found that the depressor component is blocked by the histamine H1-antagonist, mepyramine. Since the fragment, NPY-(22-36), was equipotent with NPY in inducing histamine release from isolated peritoneal mast cells, we conclude that short C-terminal NPY fragments, like NPY itself, act on mast cells to initiate histamine-mediated cardiovascular actions. Such actions may conceivably be accounted for by the abundance of positively charged amino acid residues in the C-terminus. Moreover, these fragments have little affinity for vascular NPY receptors, as indicated by their poor ability to displace iodinated NPY or peptide YY (PYY) from specific binding sites on vascular smooth muscle cells derived from rat aorta. In conclusion, we propose that short C-terminal NPY fragments, which contain several positively charged amino acid residues, retain the ability of NPY to release histamine from rat mast cells while being essentially devoid of direct vascular motor activity.
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| 637. |
- Shen, H., et al.
(författare)
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Wearable carbon nanotube devices for sensing
- 2017
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Ingår i: Industrial applications of carbon nanotubes. - : Elsevier. - 9780323415316 - 9780323414814 ; , s. 179-199
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The application of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) for wearable sensing device fabrication is an interesting area, attracting sustained scientific and technological interest. Acquisition of information from wearable technologies is considered a cornerstone in person-centered health informatics, because of its independence, currency, and timeliness. The unique physical and chemical properties (such as high aspect ratio, ultralight weight, high mechanical strength, high electrical conductivity, and high thermal conductivity) of CNTs make them an attractive nanomaterial for wearable sensor fabrication. Extensive efforts will continuously be made in both academia and industry in the research and development of wearable CNT sensors to enhance their function, flexibility, energy saving, and longevity. We will discuss recent advances in the design and application of wearable devices based on CNT materials for sensing, especially in the fields of medical equipment, motion detection, and environmental sensor.
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| 638. |
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| 639. |
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| 640. |
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