| 1. |
- Abou-Ali, Hala, 1972, et al.
(author)
-
Evaluating the welfare effects of improved water qualityusing the choice experiment method
- 2004
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This paper analyzes the welfare effects of improved health status through increased water quality using a choice experiment. The survey was administered to a random sample of households in metropolitan Cairo, Egypt. We apply a random parameter logit model in the analysis and illustrate the richness of information that can be obtained from this type of model by estimating individual level willingness to pay (WTP). We find a significant WTP for improved health status, both for short-run and long-run health effects. However, the estimated WTP is fairly low compared with the costs of a program that would achieve these improvements.
|
|
| 2. |
- Carlsson, Fredrik, 1968, et al.
(author)
-
Airline choice, switching costs and frequent flyerprograms
- 2004
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Switching costs are costs that customers face when switching from one firm to another. In markets such as the airline market where repeated purchases are common, switching costs may be substantial. In this paper we estimate the switching costs for domestic airline routes in Sweden between 1992 and 2002. In addition we also test for the determinants of switching costs. In particular we test to what extent factors such as frequent flyer programs and flag carriers have an effect on switching costs. The paper ends with a brief discussion on the welfare consequences of switching cots, where the connection between habit formation and switching costs is discussed.
|
|
| 3. |
- Carlsson, Fredrik, 1968, et al.
(author)
-
Consumer benefits of labels and bans on geneticallymodified food - An empirical analysis using ChoiceExperiments
- 2004
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Applying an experiment on the choice of consumer goods, we show that Swedish consumers do not regard genetically modified (GM) food as being equivalent to conventional food. A central argument by proponents of GM is that the end products are identical to those where GM has not been used. That respondents in our survey disagree with this argument is supported by two observations. First, a positive significant WTP is found for a mandatory labeling policy. This result confirms previous observations that GM food can be a credence good causing a market failure. Second, consumers are also willing to pay a significantly higher product price to ensure a total ban on the use of GM in animal fodder. Even if scientists and politicians argue that most of today´s GM food is indistinguishable from GM-free food, consumers disagree.
|
|
| 4. |
- Carlsson, Fredrik, 1968, et al.
(author)
-
Consumer willingness to pay for farm animal welfare - transportation of farm animals to slaughter versus the use of mobile abattoirs
- 2004
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This study employed a choice experiment (CE) to ascertain consumer preferences and willingness to pay (WTP) for non-market food product quality attributes. Data were obtained from a large mail survey and estimated with a random parameter logit model. The results indicate that Swedish consumers place greater monetary worth on the use of mobile abattoirs for cattle than for pigs, and even place a negative monetary value for mobile abattoirs in broiler production. We show how CE data can be used to estimate individual WTP, using a random parameter logit model. We find that there is a substantial difference in heterogeneity between consumers WTP for mobile abattoirs for the types of livestock included. Based on estimated distributions of WTP and available cost estimates, the market share for mobile abattoirs is predicted. The approach taken is vital to agribusinesses intending to serve specialized niche markets. Our results are useful for forming product differentiation strategies within the food industry as well as for the formation of food policy.
|
|
| 5. |
- Carlsson, Fredrik, 1968, et al.
(author)
-
Contingent valuation of community plantations in Ethiopia: a look into value elicitation formats and intra-household preference variations
- 2004
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This paper is an application of the contingent valuation method on community plantations in the highlands of Ethiopia. A discrete-continuous elicitation format was applied. It was found that there is a problem in applying a closed ended elicitation format in this context with a community resource since a community resource typically implies a community based scenario and such a scenario invites to yea-saying. The wellknown problem of compliance bias is also difficult to avoid in such settings. Application of a closed-ended format under such circumstances would exaggerate the willingness to pay for the good in question. The study asked both spouses in a household for their willingness to pay for a new plantation. The analysis of the bid function shows that there are gender variations in the factors that affect the bids. The common preference model was thus rejected in this application. The analysis also indicates that it might be a good idea to concentrate plantation efforts since there seem to be specialization going on in collection behavior. Women in villages without any existing community plantation are, however, significantly more interested in the establishment of a plantation than men. The aggregate willingness to pay vary dramatically between villages pointing at the need for good selection methods in targeting such interventions.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Carlsson, Fredrik, 1968, et al.
(author)
-
Preferences With and Without Prices - does the price attribute affect behavior in stated preference surveys?
- 2004
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The experimental as well as the nonmarket valuation literature include several examples of how an introduced price can affect behavior in otherwise not expected ways. It has become standard to include a price vector as an attribute in choice experiments, something that enables us to estimate a marginal willingness to pay for other attributes. We test the impact on preferences by an inclusion of a price in a choice experiment. Preferences are affected, as might be expected. However, also the relative ranking of individual attributes is affected. We end on a positive note, observing that a price seems to drive out zero price opinions, e.g. warm glow values.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Carlsson, Fredrik, 1968, et al.
(author)
-
The marginal values of noise disturbance from air traffic : does the time of the day matter?
- 2004
-
In: Transportation Research Part D. - Oxford : Pergamon Press. - 1361-9209 .- 1879-2340. ; 9:5, s. 373-385
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper analyzes the marginal willingness to pay for changes in noise levels related to changes in the volume of flight movements at a city airport in Stockholm, Sweden, by using a choice experiment. When estimating marginal willingness to pay for different times of the day and days of the week, we find that these vary with the temporal dimensions: mornings and evenings have higher marginal values. Interestingly, a substantial proportion of the respondents prefer no changes in the current noise level. The paper concludes with a policy discussion related to incentive-based pricing.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
