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- Westberg, Lars, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of androgen receptor repeat polymorphisms on personality traits in men
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience. - 1488-2434 .- 1180-4882. ; 34:3, s. 205-213
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Testosterone has been attributed importance for various aspects of behaviour. The aim of our study was to investigate the potential influence of 2 functional polymorphisms in the amino terminal of the androgen receptor on personality traits in men. Methods We assessed and genotyped 141 men born in 1944 recruited from the general population. We used 2 different instruments: the Karolinska Scales of Personality and the Temperament and Character Inventory. For replication, we similarly assessed 63 men recruited from a forensic psychiatry study group. Results In the population-recruited sample, the lengths of the androgen receptor repeats were associated with neuroticism, extraversion and self-transcendence. The association with extraversion was replicated in the independent sample. Limitations Our 2 samples differed in size; sample 1 was of moderate size and sample 2 was small. In addition, the homogeneity of sample 1 probably enhanced our ability to detect significant associations between genotype and phenotype. Conclusion Our results suggest that the repeat polymorphisms in the androgen receptor gene may influence personality traits in men.
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| 2. |
- Henningsson, Susanne, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Possible association between the androgen receptor gene and autism spectrum disorder.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Psychoneuroendocrinology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0306-4530 .- 1873-3360. ; 34:5, s. 752-761
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Autism is a highly heritable disorder but the specific genes involved remain largely unknown. The higher prevalence of autism in men than in women, in conjunction with a number of other observations, has led to the suggestion that prenatal brain exposure to androgens may be of importance for the development of this condition. Prompted by this hypothesis, we investigated the potential influence of variation in the androgen receptor (AR) gene on the susceptibility for autism. To this end, 267 subjects with autism spectrum disorder and 617 controls were genotyped for three polymorphisms in exon 1 of the AR gene: the CAG repeat, the GGN repeat and the rs6152 SNP. In addition, parents and affected siblings were genotyped for 118 and 32 of the cases, respectively. Case-control comparisons revealed higher prevalence of short CAG alleles as well as of the A allele of the rs6152 SNP in female cases than in controls, but revealed no significant differences with respect to the GGN repeat. Analysis of the 118 families using transmission disequilibrium test, on the other hand, suggested an association with the GGN polymorphism, the rare 20-repeat allele being undertransmitted to male cases and the 23-repeat allele being overtransmitted to female cases. Sequencing of the AR gene in 46 patients revealed no mutations or rare variants. The results lend some support for an influence of the studied polymorphisms on the susceptibility for autism, but argue against the possibility that mutations in the AR gene are common in subjects with this condition.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Landén, Mikael, 1966
(författare)
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Psykosexuella störningar och könsidentitetsstörningar
- 2009
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Ingår i: Psykiatri. Eds Herlofsson, Ekselius, Lundh, Lundin, Mårtensson & Åsberg. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144040264 ; , s. 409-21
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 5. |
- Landén, Mikael, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Short Onset of Action of a Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor When Used to Reduce Premenstrual Irritability
- 2009
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Ingår i: NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0893-133X .- 1740-634X. ; 34:3, s. 585-592
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several studies suggest that serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) exert a more rapid effect when used for the treatment of symptoms such as anger and irritability then when used for depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, or anxiety. In line with this, premenstrual irritability can be effectively dampened by intermittent administration of an SRI, from ovulation to menstruation, indicating an onset of action of 10 days or less. How fast this effect appears, in terms of hours or days, is of considerable theoretical interest, but has previously not been studied in detail. To explore this issue, 22 women with marked premenstrual irritability, who previously had responded to paroxetine, were given this compound during two menstrual cycles and placebo during one cycle in a double-blind, cross-over fashion. The women were asked to start medication in the midst of the luteal phase when irritability had been intense for 2 days. The paroxetine cycles differed significantly from the placebo cycle as early as 14 h after drug intake with respect to the number of subjects experiencing sustained reduction in irritability. When the different cycles were compared with respect to irritability-rating scores for each time of assessment, the difference was significant at day 3. The side effect nausea had an even more rapid onset (4 h), but usually disappeared within 4 days. To summarize, this controlled trial shows that an SRI reduces premenstrual irritability already within a few days after the onset of treatment.
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| 6. |
- Rydén, E., et al.
(författare)
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A history of childhood attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) impacts clinical outcome in adult bipolar patients regardless of current ADHD
- 2009
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Ingår i: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. - Malden, USA : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0001-690X .- 1600-0447. ; 120:3, s. 239-246
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The occurrence of comorbid attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) might have an impact of the course of the bipolar disorder.Method: Patients with bipolar disorder (n = 159) underwent a comprehensive evaluation with respect to affective symptoms. Independent psychiatrists assessed childhood and current ADHD, and an interview with a parent was undertaken.Results: The prevalence of adult ADHD was 16%. An additional 12% met the criteria for childhood ADHD without meeting criteria for adult ADHD. Both these groups had significantly earlier onset of their first affective episode, more frequent affective episodes (except manic episodes), and more interpersonal violence than the bipolar patients without a history of ADHD.Conclusion: The fact that bipolar patients with a history of childhood ADHD have a different clinical outcome than the pure bipolar group, regardless of whether the ADHD symptoms remained in adulthood or not, suggests that it represent a distinct early-onset phenotype of bipolar disorder.
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| 7. |
- Rydén, Eleonore, et al.
(författare)
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Lower CSF HVA and 5-HIAA in bipolar disorder type 1 with a history of childhood ADHD.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1435-1463 .- 0300-9564.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bipolar disorder with childhood attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a subphenotype characterized by earlier age of onset, more frequent mood episodes, more suicide attempts, and more interpersonal violence than pure bipolar patients. The aim of this study was to test the biological validity of using childhood ADHD to subgroup bipolar disorder. The monoamine metabolites, homovanillinic acid (HVA), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) were determined in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 53 euthymic patients with bipolar disorder type 1, with (N = 17) and without (N = 36) a history of childhood ADHD. In addition to structured clinical interviews, childhood ADHD was assessed by a next of kin using the Autism-Tics, ADHD and other comorbidities questionnaire (A-TAC), and by patients themselves using the Wender Utah rating scale (WURS-25). Current ADHD symptoms were assessed by the Brown attention-deficit disorder scale (Brown ADD). Bipolar patients with childhood ADHD had significantly lower CSF concentration (mean +/- SD nmol/l) of HVA (89.0 +/- 32.5 vs. 115.8 +/- 47.1, P = 0.039) and 5-HIAA (88.7 +/- 38.5 vs. 116 +/- 47.9, P = 0.021) than pure bipolar patients. CSF MHPG did not differ between the groups. The WURS-25 score correlated negatively with both HVA (r = -0.27, P = 0.048) and 5-HIAA (r = -0.30, P = 0.027). Likewise, the Brown ADD total score correlated negatively with both HVA (r = -0.34, P = 0.013) and 5-HIAA (r = -0.35, P = 0.011). These findings indicate different monoaminergic function in patients with and without childhood ADHD in bipolar disorder type 1. This lends biological support to the notion that those with childhood ADHD represent a valid subphenotype of bipolar disorder.
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