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- Gao, YX, et al.
(author)
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Mendelian randomization implies no direct causal association between leukocyte telomere length and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- 2020
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In: Scientific reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 10:1, s. 12184-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We employed Mendelian randomization (MR) to evaluate the causal relationship between leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) with summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (n = ~ 38,000 for LTL and ~ 81,000 for ALS in the European population; n = ~ 23,000 for LTL and ~ 4,100 for ALS in the Asian population). We further evaluated mediation roles of lipids in the pathway from LTL to ALS. The odds ratio per standard deviation decrease of LTL on ALS was 1.10 (95% CI 0.93–1.31, p = 0.274) in the European population and 0.75 (95% CI 0.53–1.07, p = 0.116) in the Asian population. This null association was also detected between LTL and frontotemporal dementia in the European population. However, we found that an indirect effect of LTL on ALS might be mediated by low density lipoprotein (LDL) or total cholesterol (TC) in the European population. These results were robust against extensive sensitivity analyses. Overall, our MR study did not support the direct causal association between LTL and the ALS risk in neither population, but provided suggestive evidence for the mediation role of LDL or TC on the influence of LTL and ALS in the European population.
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- Vogel, Jacob W., et al.
(author)
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Four distinct trajectories of tau deposition identified in Alzheimer’s disease
- 2021
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In: Nature Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1078-8956 .- 1546-170X. ; 27:5, s. 871-881
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by the spread of tau pathology throughout the cerebral cortex. This spreading pattern was thought to be fairly consistent across individuals, although recent work has demonstrated substantial variability in the population with AD. Using tau-positron emission tomography scans from 1,612 individuals, we identified 4 distinct spatiotemporal trajectories of tau pathology, ranging in prevalence from 18 to 33%. We replicated previously described limbic-predominant and medial temporal lobe-sparing patterns, while also discovering posterior and lateral temporal patterns resembling atypical clinical variants of AD. These ‘subtypes’ were stable during longitudinal follow-up and were replicated in a separate sample using a different radiotracer. The subtypes presented with distinct demographic and cognitive profiles and differing longitudinal outcomes. Additionally, network diffusion models implied that pathology originates and spreads through distinct corticolimbic networks in the different subtypes. Together, our results suggest that variation in tau pathology is common and systematic, perhaps warranting a re-examination of the notion of ‘typical AD’ and a revisiting of tau pathological staging. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature America, Inc.
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- Ahlström, Gerd, et al.
(author)
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Quality of Life among Next of Kin of Frail Older People in Nursing Homes : An Interview Study after an Educational Intervention concerning Palliative Care
- 2022
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In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI AG. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 19:5
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- One cornerstone of palliative care is improving the family’s quality of life (QoL). The principles of palliative care have not been sufficiently applied in nursing homes. The aim of this study was to investigate the experiences of QoL of next of kin of frail older persons in nursing homes after an educational intervention concerning palliative care. This qualitative interview study with 37 next of kin used an abductive design with deductive and inductive content analysis. The deductive analysis confirmed the three themes of QoL from the study before the implementation: (1) orientation to the new life-situation, (2) challenges in the relationship, and (3) the significance of the quality of care in the nursing home. The inductive analysis resulted in the sub-theme “Unspoken palliative care”. Being the next of kin of an older person living in a nursing home can be distressing despite round-the-clock care, so staff need to apply a more explicitly palliative care perspective. Future research needs to evaluate the influence of meaning-focused coping on next of kin’s QoL and integrate this knowledge in psychosocial interventions. Clinical Trial Database for Clinical Research: KUPA project NCT02708498.
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