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| 2. |
- Åhman, Birgitta, et al.
(author)
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Role of supplementary feeding in reindeer husbandry
- 2022
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In: Reindeer husbandry and global environmental change. - London : Routledge. - 9780367632670 - 9780367632687 - 9781003118565 ; , s. 232-248, s. 233-247
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The chapter discusses the practice of providing reindeer with supplementary feed in winter as part of reindeer husbandry in Finland, Sweden and Norway. It describes how feeding is practised, and the benefits and problems connected with this practice, as perceived in the scientific literature and by herders. It also reflects on the possible future role of feeding. Feeding of reindeer is more common in Finland than in the other two countries but seems to be gradually increasing across all Fennoscandia. The main reason is the continuing loss and deterioration of winter pastures due to expanding land use by forestry, mineral and energy production and other industrial and infrastructure schemes, leading to increased grazing pressure on the remaining land. Climate change increases the frequency of difficult winter grazing conditions, and growing predator populations restrict the use of pastures for reindeer grazing. Reduced access to natural pasture can be counteracted by supplementary feeding, but at high costs and risks of impaired animal health and welfare. Herders are also concerned that increased use of feeding may threaten land rights, transfer of traditional knowledge between generations and the ability of reindeer to make use of natural pasture resources, and thereby the traditional management system as a whole.
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| 3. |
- Ortiz Rios, Rodomiro Octavio
(author)
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Genome and Environment Based Prediction Models and Methods of Complex Traits Incorporating Genotype × Environment Interaction
- 2022
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In: Complex Trait Prediction : Methods and Protocols. - New York, NY : Springer US. - 9781071622049 ; :2467, s. 245-283
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Genomic-enabled prediction models are of paramount importance for the successful implementation of genomic selection (GS) based on breeding values. As opposed to animal breeding, plant breeding includes extensive multienvironment and multiyear field trial data. Hence, genomic-enabled prediction models should include genotype × environment (G × E) interaction, which most of the time increases the prediction performance when the response of lines are different from environment to environment. In this chapter, we describe a historical timeline since 2012 related to advances of the GS models that take into account G × E interaction. We describe theoretical and practical aspects of those GS models, including the gains in prediction performance when including G × E structures for both complex continuous and categorical scale traits. Then, we detailed and explained the main G × E genomic prediction models for complex traits measured in continuous and noncontinuous (categorical) scale. Related to G × E interaction models this review also examine the analyses of the information generated with high-throughput phenotype data (phenomic) and the joint analyses of multitrait and multienvironment field trial data that is also employed in the general assessment of multitrait G × E interaction. The inclusion of nongenomic data in increasing the accuracy and biological reliability of the G × E approach is also outlined. We show the recent advances in large-scale envirotyping (enviromics), and how the use of mechanistic computational modeling can derive the crop growth and development aspects useful for predicting phenotypes and explaining G × E.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Ortiz Rios, Rodomiro Octavio
(author)
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Genetics and cytogenetics of the potato
- 2020
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In: The potato crop : its agricultural, nutritional and social contribution to humankind. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783030286828 ; , s. 219-247
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Tetraploid potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a genetically complex, polysomic tetraploid (2n = 4x = 48), highly heterozygous crop, which makes genetic research and utilization of potato wild relatives in breeding difficult. Notwithstanding, the potato reference genome, transcriptome, resequencing, and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping analysis provide new means for increasing the understanding of potato genetics and cytogenetics. An alternative approach based on the use of haploids (2n = 2x = 24) produced from tetraploid S. tuberosum along with available genomic tools have also provided means to get insights into natural mechanisms that take place within the genetic load and chromosomal architecture of tetraploid potatoes. This chapter gives an overview of potato genetic and cytogenetic research relevant to germplasm enhancement and breeding. The reader will encounter findings that open new doors to explore inbred line breeding in potato and strategic roads to access the diversity across the polyploid series of this crop's genetic resources. The text includes classical concepts and explains the foundations of potato genetics and mechanisms underlying natural cytogenetics phenomena as well as their breeding applications. Hopefully, this chapter will encourage further research that will lead to successfully develop broad-based potato breeding populations and derive highly heterozygous cultivars that meet the demands of having a resilient crop addressing the threats brought by climate change.
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| 6. |
- Wendin, Karin, 1963-, et al.
(author)
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Mealworms as food ingredient : sensory investigation of a model system
- 2020
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In: Edible insects as innovative foods. - Basel : MDPI. - 9783039430772 ; , s. 229-240
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The use of insects as food is a sustainable alternative to meat and as a protein source is fullycomparable to meat, fish and soybeans. The next step is to make insects available for use in the morewidespread production of food and meals. Sensory attributes are of great importance in being able toincrease the understanding of insects as an ingredient in cooking and production. In this pilot study,mealworms were used as the main ingredient in a model system, where the aim was to evaluate theimpact on sensory properties of changing particle size, oil/water ratio and salt content of the insectsusing a factorial design. Twelve different samples were produced according to the factorial design.Further, the effect of adding an antioxidant agent was evaluated. Sensory analysis and instrumentalanalyses were performed on the samples. Particle size significantly influenced the sensory attributesappearance, odor, taste and texture, but not flavor, whereas salt content affected taste and flavor.The viscosity was affected by the particle size and instrumentally measured color was affected byparticle size and oil content. The addition of the antioxidant agent decreased the changes in color,rancidity and separation.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Westin, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Biological Cultural Heritage. Using Biology as a Source to History.
- 2024
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In: Madry, Scott (ed.); Westin, Anna (ed.); Jones, Elizabeth (ed.). 2024. Practicing Historical Ecology. Methods for the Collection, Analysis, and Integration of Interdisciplinary Historical Data. CBM publication no. 130.. - Uppsala : SLU Swedish Biodiversity Centre. - 1403-6568. - 9789188083456 ; :130, s. 68-99
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This chapter will introduce a method for the use of biological cultural heritage (BCH) as an historical source. In most places where people have been active, they have left traces in nature, intentionally or unintentionally, which constitute a biological cultural heritage. Examples are occurrences of plants and animals that are favoured or actively introduced by humans, trees scarred by former leaf cutting or grazing damage, remnants of vegetation from an abandoned pasture, entire human-formed landscapes, and much more. BCH is probably the most widespread type of cultural heritage outside of urban areas. Interpretation of such traces uses ecological knowledge about how species and individual trees react in natural and culturally shaped conditions, in combination with historical knowledge about former human activities, from sources such as historical documents, oral information, archeological knowledge, aerial photos etc. The method of interpretation weaves together the different kinds of information in a stepwise procedure in order to increase the knowledge about how humans depended on and shaped ecosystems. We exemplify with case studies from Sweden and Central Europe.
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| 9. |
- Keune, Hans, et al.
(author)
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Defining Nature
- 2022
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In: Visseren-Hamakers, I., & Kok, M. (Eds.). (2022). Transforming Biodiversity Governance. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Transforming biodiversity governance. - Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. - 9781108856348 ; , s. 25-42
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)
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| 10. |
- Saraiva, Joao, et al.
(author)
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Farming Fish
- 2022
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In: Routledge Handbook of Animal Welfare. - London : Routledge. - 9781032022062 ; , s. 115-127
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Fishes in aquaculture face several potential challenges that may affect their welfare. These challenges may be ethological (spatial, social, reproductive, feeding), physiological (homeostasis and health issues including disease and parasites), environmental (water quality and characteristics, light, complexity) and human-induced (operations and routines, stunning and slaughter). We review the major issues that affect welfare for each of the main aquaculture fish systems used for farming fishes. Given the plethora of welfare challenges, we propose that the species chosen for farming should have an amenable life history and behavioural profile that make them suitable for farming conditions.
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