| 1. |
- Hvitt Strömvall, Ann-Margret, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Conifer monoterpenes emitted to air by logging operations
- 1991
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of forest research. ; 6, s. 253-258
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Concentration levels in air were determined for monoterpenes emitted from forestry operations in south-west Sweden. Field samples were collected on Tenax cartridges and analyzed in the laboratory by techniques based on gas chromatography. Processing of Scots pine as well as Norway spruce with a harvestor gave rise to about 1000 microgram/m3 of total monoterpenes near the machine. The corresponding levels above fresh branch wood were 100-500 microgram/m3. The background level was around 1 microgram/m3. The major monoterpenes were alpha-pinene and 3-carene from Pinus sylvestris and alpha-pinene and beta-pinene from Picea abies. Compounds constituting 1-10 % each of the total monoterpenes were camphene, 3-carene, limonene, beta-phellandrene and myrcene for spruce and camphene, beta-pinene, limonene, beta-phellandrene, myrcene and terpinolene for pine. Representative percent compositions for the two species are given for 13 monoterpenes. Photo-oxidant formation from the monoterpenes is discussed with respect to potential local contributions to strain and damage of the forests. Possible preventive measures are suggested.
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| 2. |
- Hvitt Strömvall, Ann-Margret, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Monoterpenes emitted to air from industrial barking of Scandinavian conifers
- 1993
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Ingår i: Environmental Pollution. ; 79, s. 215-218
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Monoterpenes released to air were determined during single-log barking of timber at a saw-mill and during tumble drum barking of pulpwood at a TMP mill. Characteristic proportions of fourteen compounds were assessed by adsorbent sampling and gas chromatography. For Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), the bicylic monoterpenes alpha-pinene and 3-carene predominated. For Norway spruce (Picea abies), alpha-pinene followed by beta-pinene were the major components. The proportions of beta-phellandrene and myrcene from spruce were remarkably high from barking compared to wood processing. Environmental aspects on the emissions are discussed.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Sandberg, Dick, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Radially sawn timber : Knots - number, type and size in star-sawn triangular profiles of pine (Pinus silvestris L) and spruce (Picea abies Karst)
- 1996
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Ingår i: European Journal of Wood and Wood Products. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0018-3768 .- 1436-736X. ; 54:6, s. 369-376
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes the appearance and number of knots in star-sawn triangular profiles of pine (Pinus silvestris L) and spruce (Picea abies Karst). The emphasis is placed on obtaining the volume yield of boards with a given knot appearance, together with the sizes of the fibre disturbances around the knots and how they affect the yield. The test material has been taken from three regions in Sweden and is made up of butt logs of pine and of normal and fast-growing spruce. The results show that a large proportion of the knots found in the triangular profiles from butt logs are unacceptable in further refinement of the timber and must be removed. Very few healthy knots can be found. To produce knot free boards, a volume reduction of on average 8 and 21 percent is obtained for pine and spruce respectively, calculated with respect to the original profile volume. If the fibre disturbance around the knots is also removed, a further volume loss of 5 percentage for pine and 6 percentage for spruce is obtained. The boards produced have a broad spectrum of lengths between 2 and 500 centimetres for pine and between 2 and 400 centimetres for spruce.
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| 5. |
- Sandberg, Dick, 1967-
(författare)
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Radially sawn timber. : Star-sawing - a new method for produring timber with vertical annual rings.
- 1996
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Ingår i: European Journal of Wood and Wood Products. - : Springer. - 0018-3768 .- 1436-736X. ; 54:3, s. 145-151
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work presents a new method of sawing to produce pith-free timber with vertical annual rings and without juvenile wood. The method, which is called star-sawing, gives sawn timber with two different shapes, viz, conventional timber with a rectangular cross-section and timber with a triangular cross-section. The volume yield for star-sawing has been determined with the help of computerized simulations and trial sawings. The results show that star-sawing is best suited for logs with a top diameter greater than 200 millimetres. Both a high volume yield and suitable dimensions of the sawn timber were then obtained. The volume yield of timber with vertical annual rings in star-sawing is about 0.70 calculated with regard to the top cylinder volume under bark.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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Silviculture Influence on Spiral Grain in Norway Spruce
- 1999
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Proceedings (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the present investigation a significant variation of spiral grain with annual ring number as well as with height in stem was observed. It was also observed that the spiral grain may be significantly different in stands with different site conditions and silvicultural treatment. It will however require further research to gain knowledge about to what extent differences in spiral grain in different stands are due to site conditions and to what extent they are due to silvicultural treatment. In addition to site conditions and silvicultural treatment the development of spiral grain may be affected by the genetics of the trees.
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| 8. |
- Damell, David, 1940-
(författare)
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Några tankar från länets horisont : KMV i skogen
- 1993
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Ingår i: Kulturmiljövård. - Stockholm : Riksantikvarieämbetet. - 1100-4800. ; :6, s. 45-46
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Örebro län finns stora skogsområden med lämningar efter bergshantering. I länets studiecirkelverksamhet kring skogens kulturminnen kommer hembygdsrörelsen med sina 50 lokala föreningar att spela en aktiv roll med att sprida kampanjens budskap.
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| 9. |
- Gustafsson, John-Eric, 1944-
(författare)
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Fornvård i modernt skogsbruk
- 1993
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Ingår i: Kulturmiljövård. - Stockholm : Riksantikvarieämbetet. - 1100-4800. ; :6, s. 39-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Många fornlämningar ligger i produktiv skogsmark. De blir allt fler i takt med att betesmark förs över till skogsmark. Modernt skogsbruk och fornlämningar är ofta en olycklig kombination, varför varje markägare eller exploatör bör informera sig om markerade fornlämningar. John-Eric Gustafsson, skogstekniker vid RAÄ, har många praktiska och goda råd att ge.
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| 10. |
- Kardell, Lars, 1936-
(författare)
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Skogslandskapets dynamik
- 1993
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Ingår i: Kulturmiljövård. - Stockholm : Riksantikvarieämbetet. - 1100-4800. ; :6, s. 7-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- I naturen finns inga fallskärmsavtal som garanterar en harmonisk framtid för människan. Allt i naturen förändras ständigt - liksom våra känslor om skogen och motsättningarna i skogsfrågan. Vi kommer att slåss om skogen som resurs även framgent, varvid nya kulturlämningar kommer att skapas och andra att förintas.
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